27,390 research outputs found
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Aneides flavipunctatus
Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science
Prospects for coal slurry pipelines in California
The coal slurry pipeline segment of the transport industry is emerging in the United States. If accepted it will play a vital role in meeting America's urgent energy requirements without public subsidy, tax relief, or federal grants. It is proven technology, ideally suited for transport of an abundant energy resource over thousands of miles to energy short industrial centers and at more than competitive costs. Briefly discussed are the following: (1) history of pipelines; (2) California market potential; (3) slurry technology; (4) environmental benefits; (5) market competition; and (6) a proposed pipeline
Critical Points for Random Boolean Networks
A model of cellular metabolism due to S. Kauffman is analyzed. It consists of
a network of Boolean gates randomly assembled according to a probability
distribution. It is shown that the behavior of the network depends very
critically on certain simple algebraic parameters of the distribution. In some
cases, the analytic results support conclusions based on simulations of random
Boolean networks, but in other cases, they do not.Comment: 19 page
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Pseudoeurycea unguidentis
Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science
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Pseudoeurycea longicauda
Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science
Segmentation of the left ventricle of the heart in 3-D+t MRI data using an optimized nonrigid temporal model
Modern medical imaging modalities provide large amounts of information in both the spatial and temporal domains and the incorporation of this information in a coherent algorithmic framework is a significant challenge. In this paper, we present a novel and intuitive approach to combine 3-D spatial and temporal (3-D + time) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data in an integrated segmentation algorithm to extract the myocardium of the left ventricle. A novel level-set segmentation process is developed that simultaneously delineates and tracks the boundaries of the left ventricle muscle. By encoding prior knowledge about cardiac temporal evolution in a parametric framework, an expectation-maximization algorithm optimally tracks the myocardial deformation over the cardiac cycle. The expectation step deforms the level-set function while the maximization step updates the prior temporal model parameters to perform the segmentation in a nonrigid sense
Extraction of epi-cardium contours from unseen images using a shape database
Accurate segmentation of the myocardium in cardiac magnetic resonance images can be restricted by image noise and low discrimination between the epi-cardium boundary and other organs. Segmentation of the epi-cardium is important for the calculation of left ventricle mass. In this paper we propose a novel method of epi-cardium segmentation, which firstly segments the left ventricle cavity. The epi-cardium boundary is found using the edge information in the image, and where such information is lacking it enhances the shape with the best fitting scaled segment, taken from a database of expertly assisted hand segmented images. In the final stage the segments are connected using a natural closed spline. The method was evaluated using a leave-one-out strategy on 24 volumes and calculates the coefficient of determination as 0.93 and a root mean square of the point to curve error of 1.54 mm when compared to manually segmented images
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