Bullous Pemphigoid, Herpes Gestationis and Linear Dermatitis Herpetiformis: Circulating Anti-Basement Membrane Zone Antibodies; in Vitro Studies

It is well established that suprabasal acantholysis can be produced in tissue culture of normal human skin in the presence of pemphigus IgG autoantibody. In this study, bullous pemphigoid, herpes gestationis and linear dermatitis herpetiformis anti-basement membrane zone antibodies failed to produce dermoepidermal separation in a tissue culture model in spite of the presence of complement. The binding of the antibodies was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy; ultrastructurally, identical binding sites of anti-basement membrane zone antibodies could be demonstrated in vitro, as has been observed in vivo previously. Tissue culture is a suitable model for studying the binding sites of circulating anti-basement membrane zone antibodies but the functional activity (blister formation) of these antibodies cannot be assessed thereby