Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Bedele Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of death in the world and is the commonest cause for outpatient visits to physicians. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among adults in Bedele Town, South-west Ethiopia.Method: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted by interviewing participants regarding their socio-demographic characteristics, history of hypertension, its risk factors and knowledge of its complications and treatment. Measurements of their blood pressure, body weight, height, and waist circumferences were also done on the same day. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 16 statistical software. Chi-square test and odds ratio with 95% CI were used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Logistic regression model was used to determine the independent risk factors for hypertension. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 396 adults of whom 67.4% were males participated in the study. Prevalence of hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or reported use of anti-hypertensive medication, was 16.9%. However, only 44.8% of those with hypertension were aware of their status, and the overall control rate of hypertension was only 22.4%. Only age and waist circumference were found to be independent predictors of hypertension in the community.Conclusion: Hypertension was found to be prevalent in the community. However, the respondents’ awareness about the problem and the overall control rates were very low. Activities targeted at increasing awareness of hypertension in the community and its risk reduction are very important for intervention. There should also be a national strategy for early detection and treatment of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases.Keywords: Hypertension, Cardiovascular disease, Ethiopi

Le coeur pulmonaire chronique. A propos de 35 cas colliges à la clinique cardiologique du CHU Campus de Lomé

Le coeur pulmonaire chronique (CPC) est l’une des causes d’insuffisance cardiaque droite. Il faut cependant le considérer comme une affection pneumologique car ses causes sont de ce ressort avec, au premier rang, les insuffisances respiratoires chroniques obstructives. Nos objectifs étaient d’étudier les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et paracliniques des CPC à la clinique cardiologique du CHU Campus de Lomé. Patients et méthode: Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective menée sur 4 ans, du 1er juin 2004 au 31 mai 2008 et portant sur 35 cas de coeur pulmonaire chronique. Résultats : La prévalence du coeur pulmonaire chronique était de 0,61%. Il y avait une prédominance féminine avec un sex-ratio de 0,75. L’âge moyen était de 58,6± 17,03 ans avec des extrêmes de 22 et 90 ans. Les signes d’appels cliniques étaient dominés par la dyspnée (88,6%), la toux (34,3%), les oedèmes des membres inférieurs (45,7%), la condensation pulmonaire (40%), la tachycardie (34,3%) et la turgescence des veines jugulaires (25,7%). Les signes échocardiographiques étaient essentiellement dominés par la dilatation du ventricule droit et l’hypertension artérielle pulmonaire (100%), la dilatation de l’oreillette droite (88,6%), le septum paradoxal (17,1%) et la dilatation de l’artère pulmonaire (11,4%). Les principales étiologies et facteurs de risque associés étaient : l’obésité (34,3%), l’asthme (28,6%), la bronchite chronique (20,0%), le tabac (8,6%) et la tuberculose (14,3%). Conclusion : Le CPC est relativement peu fréquent dans notre milieu. La lutte contre l’obésité et le tabagisme, un suivi régulier des BPCO et un traitement précoce et correct de la tuberculose devraient permettre de minimiser cette affection. Mots clés : Coeur pulmonaire chronique, épidémiologie, diagnostic.The chronic cor pulmonale is one cause of right cardiac failure. It should however be regarded as a pneumologic affection because its causes are of this spring with, with the first rank, the obstructive chronic respiratory insufficiencies. Our objectives were to study the epidemiologic, clinical and paraclinic aspects of the chronic cor pulmonale to the cardiologic private clinic of the Campus university hospital of Lome. Patients and method: It is about a retrospective study undertaken over 4 years, of June 1, 2004 to May 31, 2008 and bearing on 35 cases of chronic cor pulmonale. Results: The prevalence of the chronic cor pulmonale was of 0.61%. There was a female prevalence with a sex-ratio of 0.75. The Middle Age was of 58.6±17.03% years with extremes of 22 and 90 years. The clinical signs of calls were dominated by dyspnoea (88.5%), cough (34.3%), the oedemas of the lower extremities (45.71%), pulmonary condensation (40%), tachycardia (34.29%), turgescence of the jugular veins (25.71%). The echocardiography signs were primarily dominated by the dilation of the right ventricle and pulmonary arterial hypertension (100%), the dilation of the right auricle (88.5%), paradoxical septum (17.1%), the dilation of the pulmonary artery (11.4%). The principal etiologists and associated risk factors were: obesity (34.3%), asthma (28.6%), chronic bronchitis (20.0%), tobacco (8.6%), tuberculosis (14.3%). Conclusion: The chronic cor pulmonale is relatively not very frequent in our medium. The fight against obesity and the nicotinism, a regular follow-up of the BPCO and an early and correct treatment of tuberculosis should make it possible to minimize this affection.Key words: Chronic cor pulmonale, epidemiology, diagnosis