Tectónica reciente y activa en la Cordillera del Rif (Alhucemas, Marruecos): Implicaciones en la peligrosidad sísmica

11 páginas, 9 figuras.La determinación de la actividad tectónica reciente y actual en la Cordillera del Rif tiene gran interés, ya que está asociada a la actividad de las fallas que determinan la peligrosidad sísmica de la región. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las características de la actividad tectónica sismogenética en la región de Alhucemas situada en el interior de la Cordillera del Rif, para discutir algunos factores geológicos que no suelen tenerse en cuenta habitualmente en los estudios de peligrosidad sísmica, desarrollados con técnicas aplicables a zonas frontales de cordilleras.Este trabajo ha sido posible gracias a proyectos de colaboración internacional financiados por el MEC, la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional y la Agencia Andaluza de Cooperación Internacional.Peer reviewe

Are the seismological and geological observations of the Al Hoceima (Morocco, Rif) 2004 earthquake (M = 6.3) contradictory?

9 páginas, 7 figuras.Seismic hazard is associated with recent and present fault activity in mountain ranges. In the Betic-Rif alpine mountain chain, tectonic activity started in the Cretaceous, and topographic uplift continues since Tortonian times as a consequence of the NW–SE oblique convergence between Africa and Eurasia. The deformation is active and produces seismicity that sometimes has catastrophic consequences. The Al Hoceima earthquake (February 24, 2004), considered one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded instrumentally in the westernmost Mediterranean (M = 6.3), caused great damage in the region. Seismological studies agree that the main shock was situated on land, at the limit between the External and Internal Zones of the Rif, at a depth of 10–14 km. The focal mechanism points to a strike-slip solution with a NW–SE oriented P axis, quite similar to those of the significant 1994 earthquake swarm located to the north. The epicenter aftershocks distribution would signal the presence of a N–S oriented sinistral fault, activated by the NW–SE regional compression associated to plate boundary convergence. In this setting, the seismogenic fault ruptures related to these seismic events are expected to have reached the Earth's surface. However, detailed field work carried out 1 month after the earthquake does not evidence any N–S strike-slip coseismic fault in the epicentral area. The main observed effects were landslides, damages to constructions, and locally open cracks indicating an unexpected NW–SE extension. Scarce N–S faults are normal, the main ones being located several kilometers away from the epicentral area. To explain this apparent contradiction between geological and seismological observations, we propose a decoupled tectonic model with crustal detachments that separate a deep brittle crust from an upper crust undergoing uplift, and the development of large folds and normal faults. This geological setting, common to internal zones of cordilleras, may need to be taken into account in future paleoseismicity studies and in the assessment of seismic hazard.This study was supported by projects CSD2006-00041 and CGL 2006-06001. In addition the research was supported by the Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional.Peer reviewe