435 research outputs found
Current Trends in the Application of EEG in Neuromarketing: A Bibliometric Analysis
Despite several neuroscience tools existing, electroencephalography (EEG) is the most used and favoured tool among researchers because of its relatively low cost and high temporal resolution. Our study aimed to identify the global academic research trends of the empirical EEG studies in neuromarketing. This paper adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol to identify relevant articles. A bibliometric analysis software (VOSviewer) was used to evaluate thirty open-access articles found in the Scopus database between 2016 and 2020. We found that the USA is the most productive country with five research articles that used the EEG tool in marketing studies, followed by Australia, Italy, and Malaysia with three articles each. According to the most prolific journals in neuromarketing, it has been found that Frontiers in Neuroscience journal (CiteScore 5.4) is the most prolific journal with two articles and 25 total citations, followed by Scientific reports (CiteScore 7.1) with two articles and eighteen total citations, which lead us to infer that the publicationsâ number does not necessarily reflect the citationsâ number. The study provides a profound and comprehensive overview of academic research that used EEG in marketing research
Analysis of Psychological Symptoms Resulting From the COVID-19 Pandemic
The present study aimed to investigate the level of severity of some psychological symptoms resulting from the Coronavirus pandemic, among a sample of Ajman University students in the United Arab Emirates, and to verify the differences between studentsâ demographic variables. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach and a modified DASS-21 scale, by adding the two scales of phobia and mental distraction to the tool. The reliability of the tool was verified for use on the sample in the current study. The most prominent results indicated that the highest psychological symptoms resulting from the Coronavirus pandemic were phobia (1.53 ± 0.98) with moderate severity, followed by stress (1.44 ± 0.84) with moderate severity, and the lowest was anxiety (1.02 ±0.79) with mild severity. The results also showed that females of the age group (30-40) years and the group less than 30 years of males are the most age categories who developed psychological symptoms. The study recommended the necessity of activating virtual clinical clinics in universities to provide online counseling services to face the psychological repercussions of the Coronavirus pandemic
TransCAB: Transferable Clean-Annotation Backdoor to Object Detection with Natural Trigger in Real-World
Object detection is the foundation of various critical computer-vision tasks
such as segmentation, object tracking, and event detection. To train an object
detector with satisfactory accuracy, a large amount of data is required.
However, due to the intensive workforce involved with annotating large
datasets, such a data curation task is often outsourced to a third party or
relied on volunteers. This work reveals severe vulnerabilities of such data
curation pipeline. We propose MACAB that crafts clean-annotated images to
stealthily implant the backdoor into the object detectors trained on them even
when the data curator can manually audit the images. We observe that the
backdoor effect of both misclassification and the cloaking are robustly
achieved in the wild when the backdoor is activated with inconspicuously
natural physical triggers. Backdooring non-classification object detection with
clean-annotation is challenging compared to backdooring existing image
classification tasks with clean-label, owing to the complexity of having
multiple objects within each frame, including victim and non-victim objects.
The efficacy of the MACAB is ensured by constructively i abusing the
image-scaling function used by the deep learning framework, ii incorporating
the proposed adversarial clean image replica technique, and iii combining
poison data selection criteria given constrained attacking budget. Extensive
experiments demonstrate that MACAB exhibits more than 90% attack success rate
under various real-world scenes. This includes both cloaking and
misclassification backdoor effect even restricted with a small attack budget.
The poisoned samples cannot be effectively identified by state-of-the-art
detection techniques.The comprehensive video demo is at
https://youtu.be/MA7L_LpXkp4, which is based on a poison rate of 0.14% for
YOLOv4 cloaking backdoor and Faster R-CNN misclassification backdoor
One-to-Multiple Clean-Label Image Camouflage (OmClic) based Backdoor Attack on Deep Learning
Image camouflage has been utilized to create clean-label poisoned images for
implanting backdoor into a DL model. But there exists a crucial limitation that
one attack/poisoned image can only fit a single input size of the DL model,
which greatly increases its attack budget when attacking multiple commonly
adopted input sizes of DL models. This work proposes to constructively craft an
attack image through camouflaging but can fit multiple DL models' input sizes
simultaneously, namely OmClic. Thus, through OmClic, we are able to always
implant a backdoor regardless of which common input size is chosen by the user
to train the DL model given the same attack budget (i.e., a fraction of the
poisoning rate). With our camouflaging algorithm formulated as a
multi-objective optimization, M=5 input sizes can be concurrently targeted with
one attack image, which artifact is retained to be almost visually
imperceptible at the same time. Extensive evaluations validate the proposed
OmClic can reliably succeed in various settings using diverse types of images.
Further experiments on OmClic based backdoor insertion to DL models show that
high backdoor performances (i.e., attack success rate and clean data accuracy)
are achievable no matter which common input size is randomly chosen by the user
to train the model. So that the OmClic based backdoor attack budget is reduced
by M compared to the state-of-the-art camouflage based backdoor attack
as a baseline. Significantly, the same set of OmClic based poisonous attack
images is transferable to different model architectures for backdoor implant
Divergent cytotoxic and metabolically stimulative functions of sigma-2 receptors: Structure-Activity Relationships of 6-Acetyl-3-(4-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)benzo[d]oxazol-2(3H)-one (SN79) Derivatives
© 2019 by the authors. Astragalus is a very interesting plant genus, well-known for its content of flavonoids, triterpenes and polysaccharides. Its secondary metabolites are described as biologically active compounds showing several activities, e.g., immunomodulating, antibacterial, antiviral and hepatoprotective. This inspired us to analyze the Bulgarian endemic A. aitosensis (Ivanisch.) to obtain deeper information about its phenolic components. We used extensive chromatographic separation of A. aitosensis extract to obtain seven phenolic compounds (1â7), which were identified using combined LC-MS and NMR spectral studies. The 1D and 2D NMR analyses and HR-MS allowed us to resolve the structures of known compounds 5â7 as isorhamnetin-3-O-robinobioside, isorhamnetin-3-O-(2,6-di-O-α-rhamno-pyranosyl-ÎČ-galactopyranoside), and alangiflavoside, respectively, and further comparison of these spectral data with available literature helped us with structural analysis of newly described flavonoid glycosides 1â4. These were described in plant source for the first time
Everything is going electronic, so do services and service quality: bibliometric analysis of e-services and e-service quality
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore the developments in âe-services and e-service quality' from 2000 to 2020. Data Source: Scopus database was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis of 404 documents. Method: VOSviewer software was used to analyse the research articles associated with âe-services and e-service quality' research. Search was limited to keywords of âe-services OR e-service and e-service quality'. Findings: Results revealed that the field of âBusiness, Management and Accounting' had the highest number of publications. Total Quality Management and Business Excellence was found at the top among the most productive journals in chosen search. Chang W.-I. and Yuan S.-T. from Taiwan were found to be the leading authors among top ten authors. United States and National Cheng Kung University of Taiwan were found to be the leading country and institution in the selected search of e-service and e-service quality. Originality/Value: This study, to best of our knowledge, is the first of its kind in mapping the âe-services and e-service quality' literature in Scopus. This will aid in shaping the central theme and set the future research directions for the researchers
Acute Kidney Injury Caused Due to Colistin Therapy: A Case Report Study Analysis
An abrupt bout of kidney damage or failure that lasts a few hours to a few days is referred to as acute renal failure (ARF) or acute kidney injury (AKI). Nephrotoxicity is classified into the following categories: R-risk, I-injury, F-failure, L-loss of function, and E-end stage renal failure. It is inherited, brought on by medications, and associated with diabetes, liver diseases, and heart issues. Typically, a drug's dose-dependent nephrotoxicity affects its severity. Multi-medication resistant (MDR) infections have led to an unprecedented increase in the use of Colistin medicine. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and other gram-negative bacteria are to blame. One type of bacteria is Acinetobacter baumannii. This paper will provide the case of a 62-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital after receiving a diagnosis of venous thromboembolism and anemia. Human-acquired pneumonia results from Acinetobacter baumannii's multidrug resistance, which makes the bacteria only responsive to the antibiotics colistin and azithromycin meropenem. Two days after commencing the (Oliguria-500) medicine, there was a decrease in urine production. The renal parenchyma showed changes, and the levels of creatinine were elevated to 3.18 mg/dL. USG has been seen. Laboratory results indicate that he suffered from AKI Colistin and demonstrates strong (Naranjo score: 8) usually connected to AKI. Drug dosages were not changed. It was routine practice to monitor BUN and creatinine levels. The amount of urine produced increased to 2450 mL 15 days following treatment. Respiratory failure is one of the neurological side effects of collistin was ignored. On discharge day, the patient was stable and doing well. It seems from this that if the medication is beneficial and the risk is manageable, there is no reason to stop taking it; however, careful observation is needed. Diminish the quantity of adverse reactions
Computational pharmacology and computational chemistry of 4-hydroxyisoleucine: Physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and DFT-based approaches
Computational pharmacology and chemistry of drug-like properties along with pharmacokinetic studies have made it more amenable to decide or predict a potential drug candidate. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine is a pharmacologically active natural product with prominent antidiabetic properties. In this study, ADMETLab 2.0 was used to determine its important drug-related properties. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine is compliant with important drug-like physicochemical properties and pharma giantsâ drug-ability rules like Lipinskiâs, Pfizer, and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) rules. Pharmacokinetically, it has been predicted to have satisfactory cell permeability. Bloodâbrain barrier permeation may add central nervous system (CNS) effects, while a very slight probability of being CYP2C9 substrate exists. None of the well-known toxicities were predicted in silico, being congruent with wet lab results, except for a âvery slight riskâ for respiratory toxicity predicted. The molecule is non ecotoxic as analyzed with common indicators such as bioconcentration and LC50 for fathead minnow and daphnia magna. The toxicity parameters identified 4-hydroxyisoleucine as non-toxic to androgen receptors, PPAR-Îł, mitochondrial membrane receptor, heat shock element, and p53. However, out of seven parameters, not even a single toxicophore was found. The density functional theory (DFT) study provided support to the findings obtained from drug-like property predictions. Hence, it is a very logical approach to proceed further with a detailed pharmacokinetics and drug development process for 4-hydroxyisoleucine
- âŠ