Frequency of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Individuals Referred to the Medical Center Laboratories in Nahavand City, Hamadan Province, Western Iran

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) cause serious public health problem in the world, especially those located in tropical and subtropical areas. This study was conducted with the aim of obtaining frequency of intestinal parasites in referred people to the Nahavand city laboratories, Hamadan province, western Iran.Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among checkup individuals and patients referred to laboratories of Nahavand County. A total of 371 stool samples (150 from checkup individuals and 221 from patients) were selected by using systematic random sampling during summer 2014.  The stool specimens were examined macroscopically, and microscopically by using direct slide smear (saline wet mount and lugol staining), formaldehyde - diethyl ether concentration, trichrome staining and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining techniques. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and Chi-square test.Results: Ninety two patients (24.8%) were infected with single or multiple intestinal parasites. The overall prevalence of IPIs in checkup individuals and patients was 21.3% and 27.1%, respectively. The frequency of the observed intestinal parasites was: Blastocystis spp. 72 (19.4%), Entamoeba coli 7 (1/9%), Endolimax nana 7 (1/9%), Giardia lamblia 5 (1/3%), Cryptosporidium spp. 3 (0.8%), Entamoeba hartmanni 3 (0.8%), Entamoeba histolitica/E. dispar 1 (0.3%), Trichomonas hominies 1 (0.3%), Chilomastix mesnili 1 (0.3%), Iodamoeba butschlii 1 (0.3% ) and Enterobius vermicularis egg l (0.3%).Conclusion: The proportion of observed protozoan parasites 91 (24.5%) is higher than helminthes infection 1 (0.3%). The worm infections in Nahavand city was dramatically decreased over the past decades, induced increases in public health at the community level.  Blastocystis spp. was the predominant intestinal parasite in people referred to the Nahavand city laboratories.  Proportion of pathogenic IPIs among patients 4.07% (9 of 221) was higher in compare to the checkup individuals in which only one out of 150 (0.66%) Giardia lamblia was observed.

The Efficacy and Safety of Oxcarbazepine as Add-On Therapy in Intractable Epilepsy in Children

Objective1-3% of the population suffer from epilepsy. Up to 30% of them develop refractory epilepsy and their seizures occur more than once per month despite receiving at least 2 first line antiepileptic drugs. In  this group, more efficacious antiepileptics are needed. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Oxcarbazepine as an adjunction therapy in children with refractory epilepsy.Materials & MethodsFrom Feb 2004 until Sep 2006, 30 patients with refractory epilepsy aged between 4 and 14 years were evaluated in a before and after type study.The patients had seizure ranging from once monthly to more than 10 times daily and none of them had used Oxcarbazepine previously. They received Oxcarbazepine 30 to 50 mg/kg/day orally in  combination with their current antiepileptic drugs and were regularly assessed for seizure frequency and side effects for 10 months.ResultsWith Oxcarbazepine adjunction therapy, 10% of the patients became seizure-free, 36.6% experienced more than 50% reduction in seizure frequency, and 13.3% had increasing seizures. The drug was  especially effective in the patients with partial seizures (77.7%). Brief and transient adverse effects were seen in 36.6% of the patients which disappeared with treatment continuation. Wilcoxon signed ranks test showed that oxcarbazepine was effective in the treatment of refractory seizures (P=0.003) and as shown by Fisher's exact test, it was more effective in partial seizures (P=0.0043).ConclusionThe results showed that Oxcarbazepine was a useful medication in the treatment of refractory epilepsy, especially the partial type, in children.

Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on pathogenic bacteria isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis

Background: Considering the high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and its association with urinary tract infection in women and treatment of gynecologic problems occur when a high recurrence of bacterial vaginosis is often treated with antibiotics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on pathogenic bacteria isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis, respectively.Materials and Methods: 96 samples from women with bacterial vaginosis discharge referred to health centers dependent Shahid Beheshti University in 91-92 were taken by a gynecologist with a dacron swab and put in sterile tubes containing TSB broth and Thioglycollate broth and were immediately sent to the lab location in cold chain for the next stages of investigation. From Thioglycollate and TSB medium was cultured on blood agar and EMB and Palkam and Differential diagnosis environments, and then incubated for 24 h at 37°C. Strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus were cultured in MRSA environment and were transfered to the lab. After purification of pathogenic bacteria, MIC methods and antibiogram, Lactobacillus rhamnosus inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria is checked. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software v.16.Results: The results of this study show the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on some pathogenic bacteria that cause bacterial vaginosis, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Entrococcus, Listeria monocytogenes and E.Coli. Microscopic examination of stained smears of the large number of Lactobacillus and pathogenic bacteria showed reduced. The prevalence of abnormal vaginal discharge, history of drug use means of preventing pregnancy and douching, respectively, 61%, 55%, 42% and 13% respectively. Significant difference was observed between the use and non-use of IUD in women with bacterial vaginosis infection.Conclusion: Our findings indicated the Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on the pathogenic bacteria that cause bacterial vaginosis. The results of this study confirm the hypothesis of inhibit of pathogens growth that cause bacterial vaginosis supported by probiotics and can have beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis

Relationship between Celiac Disease and Refractory Idiopathic Epilepsy in Children

ObjectiveEpilepsy occurs with a yearly incidence of 40 per 100,000 children, of which more than 25% are resistant to drug therapy. Epilepsy may occur in autoimmunediseases like lupus, celiac disease and myasthenia gravis. In this study, therelationship between celiac disease and refractory epilepsy was evaluated inchildren with idiopathic epilepsy.Material & MethodsHundred-fifty-five children (mean age, 6.7±3.3 years) with idiopathic andcryptogenic epilepsy referred to the neurology clinic were studied in two groups;drug controlled epilepsy (control, 82 patients) and refractory epilepsy groups(case, 73 patients). Both groups underwent serological tissue transglutaminaseantibody measurement by ELISA. In seropositive cases, small intestine biopsywas conducted. Data analysis was performed using student's t test and 2 test.ResultsSeven (0.04%) patients had celiac disease based on a positive tissuetransglutaminase antibody and three patients (0.01%) based on a positive biopsy.Three patients (2.4%) with drug controlled epilepsy (control group) and fivewith refractory epilepsy (case group) had seropositive celiac disease (p=0.255).In the biopsy survey of six seropositive patients, one patient (1.2%) in the drugcontrolled epilepsy and two patients (2.7%) in the refractory epilepsy group hadpositive biopsy for celiac disease (p = 0.604). One seropositive patient did notcooperate for biopsy.ConclusionIf the relationship between celiac disease and epilepsy, especially in casesof symptomatic or oligosymptomatic celiac is proved, using gluten freediet increases the ability to control epilepsy particularly in refractory cases.We suggest celiac disease survey is not required in patients with idiopathicepilepsy

Childhood Epilepsy; Prognostic Factors in Predicting the Treatment Failure

How to Cite This Article: Taghdiri MM, Omidbeigi M, Asaadi S, Mohebbi M, Azarghashb E, Ghofrani M. Childhood Epilepsy; Prognostic Factors in Predicting the Treatment Failure. Iran J Child Neurol. Winter 2017; 11(1):21-28.AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to find the prognostic factors to detect the patients who fail the treatment of epilepsy, in the early stages of the disease.Materials & MethodsThis study was done on the epileptic patients attending the Neurology Clinic of Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran from September 2013 to October 2014. After defining the criteria for exclusion and inclusion, the patients were divided to two groups based on responding to the medical treatment for their epilepsy and indices were recorded for all the patients to be used in the statistical analyses.ResultsThe patients’ age ranged from 1 to 15 yr. There was 188 patients with refractory seizure in group 1 (experimental group) and 178 patient with well controlled seizure in group 2(control group).There was a significant different between serum drug level in both groups and patients with refractory seizure group had a lower serum drug level than control group. In both groups tonic-clonic was the most common type of seizure. Also the prevalence of brain imaging Abnormalityand other neurologic disorders was significantly higher in patients with refractory seizure in compare with control group.ConclusionChildren with seizure who suffer from refractory epilepsy need more attention and exact observation by the medical staff. References 1. Kozyrskyj AL, Prasad AN. The burden of seizures in Manitoba children: a population-based study. Can J Neurol Sci 2004;31:48-52. 2. Camfield PR, Camfield CS, Gordon Kandet al. If a first antiepileptic drug fails to control a child’s epilepsy, what are the chances of success with the next drug? J Pediatr 1997; 131:821-4.3. Arts WF, Brouwer OF, Peters ACet al. Course and prognosis of childhood epilepsy: 5-year follow-up of the Dutch study of epilepsy in childhood. Brain 2004;127:1774–84.4. Berg AT, Shinnar S, Levy SR, et al. Early Development of intractable epilepsy in children: a prospective study. Neurology 2001;56:1445–52.5. Berg AT, Vickrey BG, Testa FM, et al. How long does it take for epilepsy to become intractable? A prospective investigation. Ann Neurol 2006;60:73–9. 6. Kwan P, Brodie M. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N Eng J Med2000;342:314–9.7. Mohanraj R, Brodie MJ. Diagnosing refractory epilepsy: response to sequential treatment schedules. Eur J Neurol 2006;13:277–82.8. Berg A. Identification of Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy. Neurol Clin 2009;27(4):1003-1013.9. Luciano AL, Shorvon SD. Results of treatment changes in patients with apparently drug-resistant chronic epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2007;62:375–381. 10. Carpay HA, Arts WF, GeertsAT, et al. Epilepsy in childhood: An audit of clinical practice. Arch Neurol 1998;55:668–73.11. Dudley RW, Penney SJ, Buckley DJ. First-drug treatment failures in children newly diagnosed with epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol 2009;40:71–7.12. Berg AT, Vickrey BG, Testa FM, et al. How long does it take epilepsy to become intractable? A prospective investigation. Ann Neurol 2006;60:73–79.13. Spooner CG, Berkovic SF, Mitchell LA, et al. New onset temporal lobe epilepsy in children: lesion on MRI predicts poor seizure outcome. Neurology 2006;67:2147–2153. 14. Robinson RO, Baird G, Robinson Get al. Landau– Kleffner syndrome: course and correlates with outcome. Dev Med Child Neurol2001;43:243-7.15. Berg AT, Shinnar S, Levy SR, et al. Defining early seizure outcomesin pediatric epilepsy: the good, the bad and the in-between. Epilepsy Res 2001;43:75-84.16. Shinnar S, Berg AT. Does antiepileptic drug therapy prevent the development of ‘‘chronic’’ epilepsy? Epilepsia 1996;37:701-8.Neurol Clin 2009;27(4):1003-1013.17. Engel J. The goal of epilepsy therapy: no seizures, no side effects,as soon as possible. CNS Spectrums 2004;9:95–97.18. Mathern GW, Pretorius JK, Babb TL. Influence of the type ofinitial precipitating injury and at what age it occurs on courseand outcome in patients with temporal lobe seizures. J Neurosurg1995;82:220 –227.19. Cross JH, Jaykar P, Nordli D and et al. Propose criteria for referraland evaluation of children for epilepsy surgery: recommendations of the Subcomission for Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery. Epilepsia2006;47:953–959.20. Weiner HL, Carlson C, Ridgway EBet al. Epilepsy surgery inyoung children with tuberous sclerosis: results of a novel approach. Pediatrics 2006;117:1494 –1502.21. Del Felice A, Beghi E, Boero G, La Neve A, Bogliun G, De Palo A, et al. Early versus late remission in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsia 2010;51(1):37-42.22. Levy SR, Novotny EJ, Shinnar S. Predictors of intractable epilepsy in childhood: a case–control study. Epilepsia 1996;37:24–30.23. Berg AT, Shinnar S, Levy SR and et al. Smith- Rappaport S, Beckerman B. Early development of intractable epilepsy in children: a prospective study. Neurology2001;56:1445–52.24. Casetta I, Granieri E, Monetti VC et al. Early predictors of intractability in childhood epilepsy: a community-basedcase–control study in Copparo, Italy. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 1999;99:329–33.25. Chawla S, Aneja S, Kashyap Ret al. Etiology and clinical predictors ofintractable epilepsy. Pediatric Neurology 2002;27:186–91.26. Ko TS, Holmes GL. EEG and clinical predictors of medically intractable childhood epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 1999;110:1245–51. 27. Kwong KL, Sung WY, Wong SN, et al. Early predictors of medical intractability in childhood epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol2003;29:46–52.28. Oskoui M, Webster RI, Zhang X and et al. Factors predictive of outcome inchildhood epilepsy. J Child Neurol 2005;20:898–904.29. Seker Yilmaz B, Okuyaz C, Komur M. Predictors of Intractable Childhood Epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol 2013;48(1):52-55.30. Kim S, Park K, Kim S, Kwon O, No S. Presence of epileptiform discharges on initial EEGs are associated with failure of retention on first antiepileptic drug in newly diagnosed cryptogenic partial epilepsy: A 2-year observational study. Seizure 2010;19(9):536-539.31. Callaghan B, Anand K, Hesdorffer D, Hauser W, French J. Likelihood of seizure remission in an adult population with refractory epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2007;62(4):382- 389.32. Arhan E, Serdaroglu A, Kurt A, Aslanyavrusu M. Drug treatment failures and effectivity in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Seizure 2010;19(9):553-557

Prevalence of Persistent Hypertension Following Delivery Complicated by Hypertensive Disorders and Related Obstetric and Laboratory Risk Factors

This study examined prevalence of persistent hypertension following delivery complicated by hypertensive disorders and related obstetric and laboratory risk factors. This prospective cohort study was conducted in a teaching medical center on 270 women with more than 20 weeks of gestation who were admitted for examination and management of high blood pressure. The patients were followed up for blood pressure in two visits at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum. After 12 weeks, women were assigned to three groups of healthy, prehypertension and persistent hypertension. Background information was reviewed to find independent factors associated with persistency of blood pressure using statistical t-test and logistic regression. In bivariate analysis, relative risk of persistent hypertension was estimated at 95% confidence interval. Of 270 patients (46.2%), 110 patients developed persistent hypertension. Among risk factors, high BMI, delivery in less than 34 weeks of pregnancy, history of preeclampsia, history of diabetes, severe preeclampsia and drug control for PIH were independently associated with persistent hypertension. Abnormal laboratory findings included thrombocytopenia, increased serum uric acid and serum creatinine and severe proteinuria associated with this disorder (P <0.05). Almost one in every two pregnant women with hypertensive disorders was prone to postpartum persistent hypertension. This risk particularly increased in maternal obesity, preterm birth due to preeclampsia and abnormal laboratory findings indicating severe preeclampsia. Therefore, more detailed follow-up of high-risk patients is recommended in puerperal visits for diagnosis and timely treatment

Exploring the Psychometric Properties of the Farsi Version of Quality of Life Kindl Questionnaire for 4-7 Year-Old Children in Iran

How to Cite This Article: Rojhani Shirazi M, Tonekaboni SH, Azargashb E, Derakhshannia M, Aghdasta E. Exploring the Psychometric Properties of The Farsi Version of Quality of Life Kindl Questionnaire for 4-7 Year-Old Children in Iran. Iran J Child Neurol. Spring 2016; 10(2):42-52.AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to translate and validate the psychometric properties of the Quality of Life Kindl questionnaire.Materials &amp; MethodsParents of 4-7 yr-old healthy and ill children referred to Mofid Children Hospital in Tehran in 2013, Iran were sampled randomly in two groups each of which 130 people. After translation, the questionnaie’s validity and reliability was evaluated and was confirmed for face and content validity. Questionnaire was also completed by two (one healthy and one ill) groups for which inclusion criteria included consent of the parents, age of the children being beween 4 and 7 yr, and presence of the child in a nursery school, kindergarten, school or any class at least for one month. Exclusion criteria were inability of the parents in answering the questions accurately. Inclusion criterion for the ill group was having chronic cardiac, neurologic, hematologic, or respiratory diseases, lasting longer than 3 months for which they were followed up in outpatient clinic in the hospital. The reliability of questionnaire was measured by the Cronbach’s alpha.Data were analyzed using factor analysis, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test.ResultsThe reliability was 0.85 and 0.81 in healthy and ill groups, respectively. The results of factor analysis showed that each of eight subscales of questionnaire had acceptable construct validity. Only two of 52 questions of the questionnaire did not have proper correlation coefficient.ConclusionQuality of Life Kindl Questionnaire is a valid and reliable test for assessing healthy and ill children in Iran. References1. The WHOQOL Group. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL). Development and psychometric properties. Soc Sci Med 1998; 46:1569-1585.2. Gandek B, Sinclair SJ, Kosinski M, Ware JE Jr. Psychometric evaluation of the SF-36 health survey in Medicare managed care. Health Care Financ Rev 2004; 25(4):5-25.3. DeSalvo KB, Bloser N, Reynolds K, He J, Muntner P. J. Mortality prediction with a single general self-rated health question. A meta-analysis. Gen Intern Med 2006; 21(3):267-75.4. Conolly MA, &amp; Johnson JA. Measuring quality of life in paediatric patients. Pharmacoeconomics 1999; 16,605–25.5. Eiser C, Morse R. The measurement of quality of life in children: past and future perspectives. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2001; 22,248 –56.6. Ravens-Sieberer U, Bullinger M. Manual KINDL-R 2000; Hamburg, Germany. 7. Ravens-Sieberer U. Quality of Life Kindl Questionnaire. Available at: http://kindl.org/cms/information. 8. Spilker B. Quality of Life and Pharmacoeconomics in Clinical Trials. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven; 1996.9. Lovas K, Kalo Z, McKenna SP, Whalley D, Péntek M, Genti G. Establishing a standard for patient-completed instrument adaptations in Eastern Europe: Experience with the Nottingham Health Profile in Hungary. Health Policy 2003; 63(1):49–61.10. Bullinger M, von Mackensen S, Kirchberger I. KINDL –Ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität von Kindern. Sonderdruck Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie 1994; 1:64-77.11. Asano M, Sugiura T, Miura K, Torii S, Ishiguro A. Reliability and validity of the self-report Quality of Life Questionnaire for Japanese School-age Children with Asthma (JSCA-QOL v.3). Allergy Int 2006; 55(1):59-65.12. Yaghmaei, F. Designing and measuring the psychometric properties of “Quality of Life scale for the Children suffering from Asthma”. Journal of Shahid Beheshti School of Nursing &amp; Midwifery 2009; 20(68):32-36. 13. El Miedany, YM, Youssef SS, El Gaafary M. Cross cultural adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire for measuring functional status in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2003; 21(3):387–393

Predictive Value of Absent Septal q Wave in Patients with Significant Stenosis of Proximal Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery

Aims: There is conflicting data about the predictive value of absent septal q wave in patients with significant stenosis of proximal Left Anterior Descending coronary artery. To clarify the exact role of this simple electrocardiographic sign we conducted this prospective descriptive study. Methods: Patients who were referred for coronary angiography in Milad Hospital between December 2008 and September 2009 were chosen randomly. Standard ECG was performed and reviewed for presence or absence of septal q wave, and then the coronary angiography was done and reported by another cardiologist. Results: Of 148 patients with absent septal q wave in ECG, 85 patients (57%) had significant stenosis of proximal LAD in coronary angiography. Statistical analysis showed that significant stenosis of proximal LAD could be predicted by absence of septal q wave in ECG with sensitivity of 59% and specificity of 47%. However, Kappa statistic (Kappa = 0.36) showed low agreement between them. Conclusion: Absence of normal septal q wave in ECG could be a low value predictor of coronary artery disease mainly significant proximal LAD stenosis

The Best Time for EEG Recording in Febrile Seizure

How to Cite This Article: Karimzadeh P, Rezayi A, Togha M, Ahmadabadi F, Derakhshanfar H, Azargashb E, Khodaei F. The Best Time for EEG Recording in Febrile Seizure. Iran J Child Neurol. 2014 Winter; 8(1):20-25.ObjectiveSome studies suggest that detection of epileptic discharge is unusual during the first postictal week of febrile seizure and others believe that EEGs carried out on the day of the seizure are abnormal in as many as 88% of the patients. In thisstudy, we intend to compare early and late EEG abnormalities in febrile seizure.Materials &amp; Methods EEG was recorded during daytime sleep, 24-48 hours (early EEG) and 2 weeks (late EEG) after the seizure in 36 children with febrile seizure (FS), aged between 3 months and 6 years. EEGs that showed generalized or focal spikes, sharp, spike wave complex, and slowing were considered as abnormal EEG.Abnormalities of the first EEG were compared with those of second EEG.ResultsThe most common abnormal epileptiform discharges recorded in the early EEG were slow waves (27.6%) and sharp waves in late EEG (36%). Distribution of abnormalities in early and late EEG showed no significant statistical difference.ConclusionThe early and late EEG recording had the same results in patient with febrile seizure. Reference:Hauser WA, Kurland LT. The epidemiology of epilepsy in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935 through 1967. Epilepsia 1975;16(1):1-66.Freeman JM. Febrile seizures: a consensus of their significance, evaluation, and treatment. Pediatrics 1980;66(6):1009.Waruiru C, Appleton R. Febrile seizures: an update. Arch Dis Child 2004;89(8):751-6.ILAE. Guidelines for epidemiologic studies on epilepsy, International League against Epilepsy. Epilepsia 1993;34(4):592-6.Annegers JF, Hauser WA, Shirts SB, Kurland LT. Factors prognostic of unprovoked seizures after febrile convulsions. N Engl J Med 1987;316(9):493-8.Berg AT, Shinnar S, Darefsky AS, Holford TR, Shapiro ED, Salomon ME, et al. Predictors of recurrent febrile seizures. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1997;151(4):371-8.Nelson KB, Ellenberg JH. Predictors of epilepsy in children who have experienced febrile seizures. N Engl J Med 1976;295(19):1029-33.Anonymous. Practice parameter: the neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with a first simple febrile seizure. American Academy of Pediatrics. Provisional Committee on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures. Pediatrics 1996;97(5):769-72; discussion:773-5.Rosman NP. Evaluation of the child who convulses with fever. Paediatr Drugs 2003;5(7):457-61.Kanemura H, Mizorogi S, Aoyagi K, Sugita K, Aihara M. EEG characteristics predict subsequent epilepsy in children with febrile seizure. Brain Dev 2012;34(4):302-7.Yamatogi Y, Ohtahara S. EEG in febrile convulsions. Am J EEG Techno1 1990;30:267-80.Aicardi J, Chevrie JJ. The significance of electroencephalographic paroxysms in children less than 3 years of age. Epilepsia 1973;14(1):47-55.Tsuboi T. Seizures of childhood: a population-based and clinic based study. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 1986;110:1-237.Maytal J, Steele R, Eviatar L, Novak G. The value of early postictal EEG in children with complex febrile seizures. Epilepsia 2000;41(2):219-21.Joshi C, Wawrykow T, Patrick J, Prasad A. Do clinical variables predict an abnormal EEG in patients with complex febrile seizures? Seizure 2005;14(6):429-34.Lennox-Buchthal M. Febrile convulsions: a reappraisal. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1973;32:Suppl:1-138.Frantzen E, Lennox-Buchtal MA, Nygraad A. Longitudinal EEG and clinical study of children with febrile convulsions. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1968;24(3):197-212.Kajitani T, Ueoka K, Nakamura M, Kumanomidou Y. Febrile convulsions and rolandic discharges. Brain Dev 1981;3(4):351-9.Sofijanov N, Emoto S, Kuturec M, Dukovski M, Duma F, Ellenberg JH, et al. Febrile seizures: clinical characteristics and initial EEG. Epilepsia 1992;33(1):52-7

Quality of the Results Section of Original Dental Articles Published in National Farsi and International English Journals

Objective: Lack of scientific writing skills is one major problem encountered for publication of research results of Iranian scientists in accredited journals. As the result, many research projects or dissertation findings remain unpublished. This study aimed to assess the quality of writing of the “results” section of some original articles published in Iranian Farsi and international English journals.Methods: This analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 64 dental articles published in 3 international English and 3 Iranian Farsi journals. Selection of journals was non-random but articles were selected randomly based on specific criteria. A checklist containing 32 criteria regarding general statistics, context of the results, statistical tests, tables, charts and graphs was prepared. Obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 10 using Fisher’s exact and chi square tests.Results: Farsi articles met 64.1% and English articles met 65.8% of the checklist criteria. No significant difference was found in the quality of the results section of Farsi and English papers (p&gt;0.05).Conclusion: Most papers did not provide adequate details in the results section to help readers better comprehend the subject