2 research outputs found
Heating Rate of Light Absorbing Aerosols: Time-Resolved Measurements, the Role of Clouds, and Source Identification
Light
absorbing aerosols (LAA) absorb sunlight and heat the atmosphere.
This work presents a novel methodology to experimentally quantify
the heating rate (HR) induced by LAA into an atmospheric layer. Multiwavelength
aerosol absorption measurements were coupled with spectral measurements
of the direct, diffuse and surface reflected radiation to obtain highly
time-resolved measurements of HR apportioned in the context of LAA
species (black carbon, BC; brown carbon, BrC; dust), sources (fossil
fuel, FF; biomass burning, BB), and as a function of cloudiness. One
year of continuous and time-resolved measurements (5 min) of HR were
performed in the Po Valley. We experimentally determined (1) the seasonal
behavior of HR (winter 1.83 ± 0.02 K day<sup>–1</sup>;
summer 1.04 ± 0.01 K day<sup>–1</sup>); (2) the daily
cycle of HR (asymmetric, with higher values in the morning than in
the afternoon); (3) the HR in different sky conditions (from 1.75
± 0.03 K day<sup>–1</sup> in clear sky to 0.43 ±
0.01 K day<sup>–1</sup> in complete overcast); (4) the apportionment
to different sources: HR<sub>FF</sub> (0.74 ± 0.01 K day<sup>–1</sup>) and HR<sub>BB</sub> (0.46 ± 0.01 K day<sup>–1</sup>); and (4) the HR of BrC (HR<sub>BrC</sub>: 0.15 ±
0.01 K day<sup>–1</sup>, 12.5 ± 0.6% of the total) and
that of BC (HR<sub>BC</sub>: 1.05 ± 0.02 K day<sup>–1</sup>; 87.5 ± 0.6% of the total)
Aerosol Corrosion Prevention and Energy-Saving Strategies in the Design of Green Data Centers
The energy demands
of data centers (DCs) worldwide are rapidly
increasing, as are their environmental and economic costs. This paper
presents a study conducted at Sannazzaro de’ Burgondi (Po Valley),
Italy, specifically aimed at optimizing the operating conditions of
a DC designed for the Italian Oil and Gas Company (Eni) (5200 m<sup>2</sup> of Information Technology installed, 30 MW) and based on
a direct free cooling (DFC) system. The aim of the study was to save
the largest possible quantity of energy, while at the same time preventing
aerosol corrosion. The aerosol properties (number size distribution,
chemical composition, deliquescence relative humidity (DRH), acidity)
and meteorological parameters were monitored and utilized to determine
the potential levels of aerosol entering the DC (equivalent ISO class),
together with its DRH. These data enabled us both to select the DC’s
filtering system (MERV13 filters) and to optimize the cooling cycle
through calculation of the most reliable humidity cycle (60% of maximum
allowed RH) applicable to the DFC. A potential energy saving of 81%,
compared to a traditional air conditioning cooling system, was estimated:
in one year, for 1 kW of installed information technology, the estimated
energy saving is 7.4 MWh, resulting in 2.7 fewer tons of CO<sub>2</sub> being emitted, and a financial saving of € 1100