Retrospective Survey on Major Cattle Diseases in Guto Gida woreda, Eastern Wollega, Nekemte, Ethiopia

Retrospective survey of five years was conducted from February 2009 to October 2014 to investigate the extent of major cattle disease and different treatment combination in Guto Gida woreda of eastern Wollega zone. Accordingly in all of the studied years the combination of the treatment is antibiotics only, anti helminthes only, acaricide only and one or more combinations. Cattle health problem is the fore front problem of livestock development extension programs in the study area. Infectious, parasitic and miscellaneous diseases are the leading causes of mortality, production losses, reduce growth rate, reduce reproduction ability of animals, down grade of cattle products and food borne diseases were principal problems necessitating appropriate control programs

Study on Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia in Southern Nationand Nationality People of Ethiopia Regional State in Amaro Special District

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 In Amaro special District of SNNP region to determine the seroprevalence of Contagious Bovine Pleuro Pneumonia (CBPP) and to assess the potential risk factors for the occurrence of thedisease. In this study a total of 400 sera were examined for the presence of specific antibodies against Mycoplasma mycoides sub species mycoides small colony type by using competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Asssay (c-ELISA). The overall seroprevalence of CBPP in this study was 127/400 (31.8%). The seroprevalence of CBPP at peasant association level was 7%, 28%, 34% and 58% in Jello, Kele, Golbe and Gamule PA’s respectively. There is Statistically significant Variation (P<0.05) between seroprevalence result of the disease and peasant associations(X2 =60.95, P=0.000), body condition(X2 =10.645, P=0.005) and herd size(X2=14.972,P=0.001) were recorded. However other risk factors such as age and sex were not significantly associated (P>0.05) with the sero status of the animal. The major risk factors identified during this study were body condition and associated uncontrolled cattle movement. In conclusion the present study indicated that the overall prevalence of CBPP in SNNP region, Amaro special woreda was higher as compared to other research findings. This warrants the need to institute for appropriate preventive and control measures to stop further spread of this economically devastating disease

Isolation and Molecular Identification of Mycobacterium bovis from Slaughtered Cattle in Nekemte Municipality Abattoir, Ethiopia

Tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease that can spread from animals to humans as well as from human to human. Little research has been conducted on bovine tuberculosis prevalence and molecular characterization in the western part of Ethiopia. To investigate this, a cross-sectional study was conducted on slaughtered cattle at the Nekemte municipal abattoir between January 2020 and June 2021. A detailed postmortem examination, culture, acid-fast staining technique, molecular characterization using RD4 deletion, and spoligotyping were all carried out. Based on a detailed postmortem examination, the overall prevalence of bovine tuberculosis was 7.8% (80 of 1020). Mycobacterium isolation confirmed only 12.5% (10/80) of the suspected tuberculosis tissue lesions. With acid-fast bacilli staining, all Mycobacterium spp. isolates (n = 10) were positive. However, only 9/10 isolates were confirmed to be M. bovis with RD4 molecular deletion typing. Spoligotyping revealed that 55.6% (5/9) of the isolate patterns had previously been reported, but 44.4% (4/9) of the isolates were new. In the current investigation, it was discovered that 80% (4/5) of the M. bovis strains circulating in the cattle population of study regions were SB2233 (2/5) and SB0134 (2/5), whereas 20% (1/5) of the strains corresponded to SB1176, which is compatible with previously documented M. bovis spoligotypes. These findings suggested that M. bovis was the main cause of bovine tuberculosis in the study area and posed a risk of disease transmission from cattle to humans due to low levels of public health awareness. As such, improved awareness among citizens and the development of control policies are warranted