Precompetitional Weight Reduction Modifies Prooxidative-Antioxidative Status in Judokas

The main aim of the study was an assessment of the influence of rapid weight loss on oxidative stress parameters in judokas differing in weight reduction value. Materials and Methods. The study included 30 judokas with an age range of 18-30 years (mean age: 22 4 ± 3 40 years). Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative markers, lipid peroxidation markers, and total oxidative stress were assessed three times: one week before a competition (the first stage), after gaining the desired weight (the second stage), and one week after the competition (the third stage). Results. Between the first and the second stage, the concentration of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH) decreased significantly. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), ceruloplasmin (CER), malondialdehyde (MDA), LPH, and total oxidative stress (TOS) concentrations were the lowest one week after the competition. Linear regression indicated that the emphases on increased weight reduction increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and protein sulfhydryl (PSH) between the first and the second stage of the study. Moderate weight reduction (2-5%) resulted in elevated levels of SOD, Mn-SOD, LPH, MDA, and TOS in comparison to low and high reductions. An opposite relation was observed in PSH. In judokas, the precompetitional weight reduction range was 0.44-6.10% (mean: 2 93% ± 1 76%) of the initial body weight. Concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD; p < 01), manganesedependent superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD; p < 001), and ceruloplasmin (CER; p < 05) decreased between the first and the third stage of the study as well between the second and third one. Before competitions, a decrease in lipid hydroperoxide (LPH; p < 01) concentration was observed. A reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA; p < 05), LPH (p < 01), and total oxidative stress (TOS; p < 05) levels between the first and the final stage occurred. The increase in weight reduction was linearly correlated with the rise of glutathione peroxidase (GPx; p < 05), glutathione reductase (GR; p < 05), glutathione Stransferase (GST; p < 05), and protein sulfhydryl (PSH; p < 05) concentrations between the first and the second stage of the study. Moderate weight reduction (2-5%) resulted in elevated levels of SOD (p < 05), Mn-SOD (p < 05), LPH (p < 05), MDA (p < 05), and TOS (p < 05) in comparison to low and high reductions. An opposite relation was observed in PSH (p < 005). Conclusions. The effect of weight reduction in judo athletes on prooxidative-antioxidative system diversity depends on the weight reduction value

Assesment of antioxidative enzymes activity and intensification of lipids peroxidation in asthmatic patients.

Chronic immunoalergic in flammatory reaction plays a key role in pathogenesis of asthma. Importance of free oxygen radicals in mechanism of chronic inflammatory process has been proved. Activity of two antioxidative enzymes: isoenzymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (POX), and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and erythrocytes in asthmatics during exacerbation and improvement of disease were assessed. Disturbances in oxidative system in asthmatic patients have been observed. Lack of significant differences in antioxidative indexes between a period of exacerbation, not complicated by infection and a period of improvement indicates a pathophysiological role of chronic oxygenic stress in asthma. It has been also shown that bacterial infection disturbes efficiency of antioxidative mechanisms. Pneumonol. Alergol. Pol. 2004, 72, 472-47

Aktywność enzymów antyoksydacyjnych i stężenie aldehydu dimalonowego jako wykładniki stresu oksydacyjnego u kobiet z subkliniczną nieautoimmunologiczną nadczynnością tarczycy

Introduction: The recent investigations point out the significant role of oxidative stress in the development of thyroid gland disease. The present study was designed to investigate the variation of oxidative stae in women with non-autoimmunological subclinical hyperthyroidism. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 20 females with non-autoimmunological subclinical hyperthyroidism and 15 healthy women. Manganase-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) plasma activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) plasma concentration were measured. Results: EC-SOD plasma activity was significantly higher in women with subclinical hyperthyroidism when compared with the control group (13.3 &#177; 2.1 vs. 10.9 &#177; 1.4 NU/ml; p < 0.05), unlike Mn-SOD (4.2 &#177; 0.5 vs. 4.0 &#177; 1.0 NU/ml). MDA plasma concentration increased significantly in women with subclinical hyperthyroidism (3.5 &#177; 1.2 vs. 2.0 &#177; 0.6 &#956;mol/l; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The increased EC-SOD plasma activity may reflect disturbances of oxidative state in subclinical hyperthyroidism. Parallel increase of MDA plasma concentration may indicate enhancement of lipid peroxidationin in patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism.Wstęp: Badania z ostatnich lat wskazują na udział stresu oksydacyjnego w rozwoju schorzeń gruczołu tarczowego. Celem niniejszej pracy jest ocena zmian stanu oksydacyjnego u kobiet z subkliniczną nieautoimmunologiczną nadczynnością tarczycy. Materiał i metody: Badania przeprowadzono u 20 kobiet z subkliniczną nadczynnością tarczycy oraz u 15 zdrowych kobiet. Wykonywano oznaczenia aktywności dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej - izoformy manganowej (Mn-SOD) i miedziowo-cynkowej (EC-SOD), a także stężenia aldehydu dimalonowego (MDA) w osoczu. Wyniki: U kobiet z subkliniczną nadczynnością tarczycy stwierdzono w osoczu wyższą w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną aktywność ECSOD (13,3 &#177; 2,1 vs. 10,9 &#177; 1,4 NU/ml; p < 0,05), natomiast aktywności Mn-SOD nie różniły się pomiędzy grupami (4,2 &#177; 0,5 vs. 4,0 &#177; 1,0 NU/ml). Badania wykazały również, że u kobiet z nadczynnością tarczycy w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną występuje wyższe stężenie MDA w osoczu niż w grupie kobiet zdrowych (3,5 &#177; 1,2 vs. 2,0 &#177; 0,6 &#956;mol/l; p < 0,05). Wnioski: W grupie chorych z subkliniczną nadczynnością tarczycy występują zaburzenia równowagi oksydacyjnej, przejawiające się wzrostem aktywności EC-SOD w osoczu. Towarzyszy temu podwyższone stężenie MDA, świadczące o nasileniu peroksydacji lipidów w tej grupie chorych

The influence of β-carotene on homocysteine level and oxidative stress in lead-exposed workers

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in lead toxicity. This suggests that some antioxidants may play a role in the treatment of lead poisoning. In the light of this, the aim of the study was to determine whether β-carotene administration reduces oxidative stress and homocysteine level in workers chronically exposed to lead. Material and Methods: The exposed population included healthy male workers exposed to lead who were randomly divided into 2 groups (mean blood lead level ca. 44 μg/dl). Workers in the 1st group (N = 49, reference group) had no antioxidants, drugs, vitamins or dietary supplements administered, while workers in the 2nd group (N = 33) had β-carotene administered in a dose of 10 mg per day for 12 weeks. Biochemical analysis included markers of lead-exposure and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress biomarker. We also measured the level of homocysteine (Hcy) and thiol groups as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its isoenzyme EC-SOD in serum. Results: After supplementation, the level of MDA significantly decreased, compared to baseline, by 16%, and to the reference group. When compared to the reference group, Hcy level was also significantly decreased. However, the level of thiol groups was significantly higher after supplementation with β-carotene compared to the reference group. Analogically, the activity of SOD and EC-SOD was significantly higher compared to the baseline and to the reference group. Conclusions: Despite some controversies over antioxidant properties of β-carotene, our results indicate that its antioxidant action could provide some beneficial effects in lead poisoning independent of chelation. Med Pr 2014;65(3):309–31

THE INFLUENCE OF β-CAROTENE ON HOMOCYSTEINE LEVEL AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN LEAD-EXPOSED WORKERS

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in lead toxicity. This suggests that some antioxidants may play a role in the treatment of lead poisoning. In the light of this, the aim of the study was to determine whether β-carotene administration reduces oxidative stress and homocysteine level in workers chronically exposed to lead. Material and Methods: The exposed population included healthy male workers exposed to lead who were randomly divided into 2 groups (mean blood lead level ca. 44 μg/dl). Workers in the 1st group (N = 49, reference group) had no antioxidants, drugs, vitamins or dietary supplements administered, while workers in the 2nd group (N = 33) had β-carotene administered in a dose of 10 mg per day for 12 weeks. Biochemical analysis included markers of lead-exposure and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress biomarker. We also measured the level of homocysteine (Hcy) and thiol groups as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its isoenzyme EC-SOD in serum. Results: After supplementation, the level of MDA significantly decreased, compared to baseline, by 16%, and to the reference group. When compared to the reference group, Hcy level was also significantly decreased. However, the level of thiol groups was significantly higher after supplementation with β-carotene compared to the reference group. Analogically, the activity of SOD and EC-SOD was significantly higher compared to the baseline and to the reference group. Conclusions: Despite some controversies over antioxidant properties of β-carotene, our results indicate that its antioxidant action could provide some beneficial effects in lead poisoning independent of chelation. Med Pr 2014;65(3):309–31

The influence of methionine and vitamin E on oxidative stress in rats’ liver exposed to sodium fluoride

Background Fluorine influences many processes occurring in the organism. Controversies over the evaluation of the biological effects of this substance are due to a small difference between tolerable and toxic fluorine doses. One of the main mechanisms of the fluorine toxic action is its ability to induce oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant defense system impairment. It is important to evaluate possible interactions between fluorine and other substances that may increase or decrease its toxicity. Material and Methods The study lasted for 35 days. Twenty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: the control, with sodium fluoride (NaF) in the diet, with sodium fluoride, methionine and vitamin E (NaF+M+E) in the diet, with sodium fluoride and vitamin E (NaF+E) in the diet. The biochemical analysis conducted in animal liver homogenates included determination of activities of: total superoxide dismutase (t-SOD), superoxide dismutase with copper and zinc (CuZnSOD), superoxide dismutase with manganese (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Results The activities of CuZn- SOD, GPX, CAT and MDA concentration were changed significantly. There were no differences in the activities of t-SOD, MnSOD, GR and GST among the experiment. Conclusions In the conducted experiment, the run-out of enzymatic protection of liver by decreasing of the activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and GPX) and increasing the MDA concentration in NaF group was observed. The addition of vitamin E and methionine does not significantly stimulate the enzymatic antioxidant system, however, it causes of MDA concentration decreases. Med Pr 2018;69(4):403–41

Analysis of Circulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Soluble Receptors in Patients with Different Forms of Chronic Urticaria

Background. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a powerful enhancer of vascular permeability and inflammatory response; however its significance in chronic urticaria is poorly recognised. Aim. To compare free circulating levels of VEGF and its soluble receptors (sVEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in patients with different forms of chronic urticaria. Methods. The concentrations of VEGF and its receptors in plateletpoor plasma (PPP)/plasma were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in chronic urticaria: (1) chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) with positive autologous serum skin test (ASST), (2) CSU with negative response to ASST, (3) CSU with concomitant euthyroid Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (CSU/Hashimoto), (4) delayed pressure urticaria (DPU), and the healthy subjects. Results. There were no significant differences in VEGF concentration in PPP between CSU groups and the healthy subjects. Contrary, VEGF concentration was significantly higher in DPU and CSU/Hashimoto patients as compared with the healthy subjects and CSU groups. Furthermore, VEGF value in CSU/Hashimoto patients during the remission was similar to that of the active period and significantly higher than the healthy subjects; VEGF concentration was significantly correlated with TSH. Plasma concentrations of sVEGF1 and sVEGF2 were similar in chronic urticaria patients and the healthy subjects. Conclusions. Increased free circulating VEGF concentration may result from the urticarial process itself as well as concomitant Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Antioxidant enzyme activities in rabbits under oxidative stress induced by high fat diet

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the type and form of oil (raw/non-oxidised (N) or post-frying/oxidised (O)) consumed in high-fat diets affect the oxidative status of an organism, as observed by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as an oxidative factor and antioxidant enzyme activity