Molecular Characterization And Hemagglutination Activities of Flagellin Protein of Salmonella typhi

Abstract. The purposes of this research are for molecular characterization and hemagglutination activity test of flagellinprotein of Salmonella typhi. The research samples consist of 7 strains of S. typhi isolates from Central Java (5 strains from Semarang city, 1 strain from Salatiga and 1 strain from Magelang) and 2 strains of S. typhi from Yogyakarta (Doctor Sardjito Hospital and Bethesda Hospital). The undertaking procedures are: 1) PCR and sequencing of fliC genes using primer LPW 1856 and LPW 1857.2) Isolation and separation of flagellin protein using SDS-PAGE. 3) Hemagglutination Activity Test upon human erythrocytes of blood group A, B, AB and O.The results show that 8 strains of S. typhi have a fliC gene size of 1452 to 1488 bp including serovar H1-d, and 1 strain with the size of 1267 bp including serovar H1-J. Flagella protein resulted from SDS-PAGE protein consists of 1-2 major proteins and 1-3 minor proteins with a molecular weight of 16-116 kDa. The results of hemagglutination activity test of flagellin protein show that there are 3 strains of S. typhi (MG-1, SA02.2 and BET) which are able to agglutinate human erythrocytes of bloodgroup A, B, AB and O (2-64HA), 6 other strains show various hemagglutination activities varie

KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN POLA RESISTENSI BAKTERI PADA PASIEN YANG TERDIAGNOSA SEPSIS

Sepsis atau Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) adalah kondisi klinis akut dan serius yang muncul akibat adanya infeksi bakteri di dalam darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman bakteri dan pola resistensi terhadap antibiotik pada sampel darah pasien yang terdiagnosa sepsis  di Laboratorium Klinik Swasta di Semarang pada bulan Mei-Juni tahun 2018. Metode penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 42 sampel darah yang ditanam pada media Bact Alert, 12 sampel dinyatakan positif tumbuh. Dari ke 12 sampel tersebut didapatkan 6 jenis bakteri penyebab sepsis yaitu Staphylococcus haemolitycus (25%), Staphylococcus aureus (16,66), Staphylococcus hominis (16,66%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (16,66%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (8,33%),  Pantoea sp (8,33%), dan Bordetella hinzii (8,33%). Bakteri gram positif resisten terhadap antibiotik Benzylpenicillin, Oxacillin, Penicyline, dan antibiotik betalaktam lainnya. Sedangkan bakteri Pantoea sp resisten terhadap antibiotik Pipericillin/Tazobactam dan Bordetella hinzii resisten terhadap antibiotik Pipericillin/Tazobactam dan Nitrofurantoi

Kecepatan Pertumbuhan Mycobacterium tuberculosis pada media Ogawa dengan Bahan Dasar Telur yang Berbeda

Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit infeksi menular, kronik dan dapat menyebabkan kematian yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Diagnosa tuberkulosis dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya dengan kultur pada media Ogawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecepatan pertumbuhan M. tuberculosis pada media ogawa dengan bahan dasar telur puyuh, telur bebek, telur enthok, dan telur ayam kampung. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu sputum BTA 3+ yang didapatkan dari Balai Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat (BKPM) Semarang diolah dengan metode kubica, kemudian diinokulasi pada media ogawa dengan bahan dasar telur yang berbeda. Pengamatan kecepatan pertumbuham M. tuberculosis dilakukan setiap hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada ke empat telur terhadap pertumbuhan M. tuberculosis pada media ogawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media ogawa dengan bahan dasar telur puyuh dan entok dapat menumbuhkan M. tuberculosis lebih cepat dibanding dengan bahan dasar telur ayam kampung dan telur bebek. Media ogawa berbahan dasar telur puyuh dan telur entok menunjukkan rata-rata waktu pertumbuhan tercepat yaitu 17 hari. Sedangkan bahan dasar telur ayam kampung 20-21 hari dan bahan dasar telur bebek 23-24 hari

AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MADU TERHADAP BAKTERI MULTI DRUG RESISTANT Salmonella typhi DAN METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus

This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of Palm oil Honey against Multi  Drug  Resistant  Salmonella  typhi  and  Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by concentration 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%. This  research  was  an  experimental  test  with  Posttest  Only  Control  Group Design in an in vitro manner using well diffusion method techniques. The well diffusion method used MHA which made by the well of 5 mm diameter and inserted 200 µ L sample then incubated 35 ± 20C for 24 hours. The results of the study showed the antibacterial activity of Palm oil Honey with zone inhibition against MDR S.typhi 11.4 mm (concentration 90%), 13.4 mm (concentration 100%) and against MRSA 11.7 mm (concentration 100%). The results of zone inhibition of Palm oil honey with concentration 100% against MDR S.typhi was larger than the  zone inhibition  against MRSA. The palm oil honey inhibition zone  against  S.typhi  MDR  bacteria  compared  with  sulfamethoxazole  (SXT) antibiotics with 25 mm inhibition zones was included in the intermediate category and the palm oil honey inhibition zone against MRSA bacteria compared with Tetracycline (TE) antibiotics with 23 mm inhibition zone was included in resistant category. Keywords: Antibacterial Activity, MDR S. typhi, MRSA, Honey, Inhibition Zon

Hasil Cek Similarity" When plasma jet is effective for chronic wound bacteria inactivation, is it also effective for wound healing?"

Purpose: This investigation aimed to compare the effectiveness of two styles of plasma jet treatment (i.e., contact and non-contact styles) for two biological materials, namely, wound related bacteria and acute wounds. Method: An atmospheric plasma jet operated at a frequency of 18.32 kHz and high AC voltage with a peak-topeak voltage of 9.58 kV and a current of 55.2 mA was applied. Argon gas was used as the carries gas of plasma jet generation and was fixed at a flow rate of 1 standard liters per minute (slm).Two biological materials (i.e., wound related bacteria and acute wound) were applied as experimental objects. The sample groups were based on the two styles of plasma jet treatment: contact and non-contact styles. Microbial inhibition zone calculation and macroscopic and histological observations were also performed. Results: This investigation emphasized that the contact and non-contact styles of plasma jet treatment had significantly different effects for wounds and wound-related chronic bacteria. On the one hand, the contact style was visually attractive and more effective for inactivate bacteria. On the other hand, it caused negative effects, such as damaging normal tissue, significantly impeding wound healing and impeding the growing of new epithelial tissue. The non-contact style, however, was less effective at inactivating bacteria; however, it could accelerate wound healing. Conclusion: In the context of wound healing, the non-contact style of plasma jet treatment may be better than the contact style of plasma jet treatment

When plasma jet is effective for chronic wound bacteria inactivation, is it also effective for wound healing?

Purpose: This investigation aimed to compare the effectiveness of two styles of plasma jet treatment (i.e., contact and non-contact styles) for two biological materials, namely, wound related bacteria and acute wounds. Method: An atmospheric plasma jet operated at a frequency of 18.32 kHz and high AC voltage with a peak-topeak voltage of 9.58 kV and a current of 55.2 mA was applied. Argon gas was used as the carries gas of plasma jet generation and was fixed at a flow rate of 1 standard liters per minute (slm).Two biological materials (i.e., wound related bacteria and acute wound) were applied as experimental objects. The sample groups were based on the two styles of plasma jet treatment: contact and non-contact styles. Microbial inhibition zone calculation and macroscopic and histological observations were also performed. Results: This investigation emphasized that the contact and non-contact styles of plasma jet treatment had significantly different effects for wounds and wound-related chronic bacteria. On the one hand, the contact style was visually attractive and more effective for inactivate bacteria. On the other hand, it caused negative effects, such as damaging normal tissue, significantly impeding wound healing and impeding the growing of new epithelial tissue. The non-contact style, however, was less effective at inactivating bacteria; however, it could accelerate wound healing. Conclusion: In the context of wound healing, the non-contact style of plasma jet treatment may be better than the contact style of plasma jet treatment

Antibacterial Potential of Jatropha sp. Latex against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Objective. This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the latex of three species members of Jatropha (J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Method. The antibacterial activities were calculated based on the inhibition zones using the Mueller–Hinton agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using Mueller–Hinton broth in a microdilution method, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using blood agar plate. Results. The latex of Jatropha showed antibacterial activities against the MRSA and CRPA. All latex of Jatropha appeared to have the antibacterial activities against MRSA and CRPA in the diffusion method (20.4–23.7 mm and 12–15 mm), MIC (0.19–6.25%, and 25%), and MBC (0.39–12.5% and 50%). Phytochemical screening of latex indicated the presence of flavonoids. Conclusions. The latex of J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida has the potential to be developed as antibacterial agents, especially against MRSA and CRPA strain, but further in vivo research and discovery of the mode of its action are required to shed the light on the effects