PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF STUDENT’S PROJECT-ORIENTED ACTIVITIES DURING GRAPHICAL TRAINING

In range of the education development conception during coming years, discusses the use of a method of projects and the potential of modern computer technology in the geometric-graphic training of students in technical higher education. Made the analysis of current design activity. Represented examples of practicaloriented problems of geometric modeling and design tasks performed by students in engineering graphics learning

PROJECTS METHOD IN ORGANIZING OF GRAPHICAL TRAINING

The article discusses the design-targeted approach in higher professional education, especially in subject training. This urgent problem is indicated in the Program of Education Development in the Russian Federation in the years 2016-2020. The authors represent an analysis of innovations that accompany projecting-engineering activity, including using of up-to-date design technologies within the scope of the basic graphical training of students. Thepaper analyzes the possibility of usingthe project method and design technologies in teaching first-and-second-year students. The represented educational technologies have various levels of immersion in the project activities applied in teaching graphical disciplines at Perm National Research Polytechnic University. The need of system and consistent use of project method throughout the subject teaching is discussed. The need of individualization and variation in applied educational procedures is also substantiated

Functional information technology in geometry-graphic training of engineers

In the last decade, information technology fundamentally changed the design activity and made significant adjustments to the development of design documentation. Electronic drawings and 3d-models appeared instead of paper drawings and the traditional form of the design documentation. Geometric modeling of 3d-technology has replaced the graphic design technology. Standards on the electronic models are introduced. Electronic prototypes and 3d-printing contribute to the spread of rapid prototyping technologies.In these conditions, the task to find the new learning technology, corresponding to the level of development of information technologies and meeting the requirements of modern design and manufacturing technologies, comes to the fore. The purpose of this paper — the analysis of the information technology capabilities in the formation of geometrical-graphic competences, happening in the base of graphic training of students of technical university. Traditionally, basic graphic training of students in the junior university courses consisted in consecutive studying of the descriptive geometry, engineering and computer graphics. Today, the use of integrative approach is relevant, but the role of computer graphics varies considerably. It is not only an object of study, but also a learning tool, the core base of graphic training of students. Computer graphics is an efficient mechanism for the development of students’ spatial thinking. The role of instrumental training of students to the wide use of CAD-systems increases in the solution of educational problems and in the implementation of project tasks, which corresponds to the modern requirements of the professional work of the designer-constructor.In this paper, the following methods are used: system analysis, synthesis, simulation.General geometric-graphic training model of students of innovation orientation, based on the use of a wide range of computer technology is developed. The implementation of this model is based on the functional characteristics analysis of the applied technology training. We describe the use of a complex system of information technology in various forms of training. This shows the options for the integration of these technologies in the content of the sections of the students’ graphic training, as well as the efficiency of their use.The materials can be used to optimize the learning process in technical universities both in the graphic training and other subject areas

GEOMETRIC MODELING AS A TOOL TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF GRAPHIC TRAINING OF STUDENTS

The article discusses the potential use of modern computer technology in the framework of geometrical graphic training students at the Technical University. Examples of solving problems of geometric modeling based on the basic provisions of descriptive geometry and using instrumental possibilities of computer graphics

Profile Aspects of Graphic Education at Polytechnic University

Availability of qualified engineering personnel for high-tech industries is a topical problem today. To close the gap between the practice of polytechnic education and real engineering activities, it is necessary to introduce innovative educational technologies aimed at developing students’ ability to work in a team, competences in the field of modern information and communication technologies, as well as a willingness to carry out design based on spatial modeling.Within the framework of subject training, it is necessary to ensure the unity of fundamental (generalized, theoretical) knowledge and special knowledge corresponding to the profile of the training area. An appropriate construction of the training program contributes to the adaptation and concretization of subject competencies in the direction required for this engineering specialty.Graphic training is the first professionally oriented discipline at technical university. Within the framework of subject training, it is important to create a learning environment that is close to professional. The authors adduce the examples of educational tasks based on the method of projects and corresponding to the profile of the educational program that students perform in the course of self-directed work. An innovative aspect in the development of individual tasks is the ability to perform projects in 3d

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study

Background: Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods: The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18-49, 50-69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results: NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst case 3066). NNVs for surgical patients remained favourable at a range of SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates in sensitivity analysis modelling. Globally, prioritizing preoperative vaccination of patients needing elective surgery ahead of the general population could prevent an additional 58 687 (best case 115 007, worst case 20 177) COVID-19-related deaths in 1 year. Conclusion: As global roll out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination proceeds, patients needing elective surgery should be prioritized ahead of the general population

Analysis of Outcomes in Ischemic vs Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report From the GARFIELD-AF Registry

IMPORTANCE Congestive heart failure (CHF) is commonly associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and their combination may affect treatment strategies and outcomes