25 research outputs found

    Effect of Drying Mode of Bacterial Biomass on the Effectiveness of Extraction and Physicochemical Properties of the Product (Polymer)

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    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²Ρ‹ΡΡƒΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ биомассы Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Cupriavidus eutrophus Π’10646. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ влияниС Π½Π° Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°) ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСскиС свойства (молСкулярно-массовыС ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ характСристики). ИспользованиС высоких Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ сниТСнию Π΅Π³ΠΎ молСкулярной массы. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сублимационной ΡΡƒΡˆΠΊΠΈ позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Ρ‹Ρ…Π»ΡƒΡŽ биомассу с довольно Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ благоприятно сказываСтся Π½Π° процСссС экстракции ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ измСнСнию молСкулярно-массовых характСристик ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Comparative study of different drying modes of bacterial biomass of Cupriavidus eutrophus Π’10646 was conducted. Different modes differently affect the yield of the product (polymer) and its physicochemical properties (molecular weight distribution and temperature characteristics). High temperatures caused the polymer degradation and decrease of its molecular weight. Using freeze drying allows to obtain friable biomass with an extended surface which is favorable for extraction process and to preserve the molecular weight characteristics of the polyme

    Isolation and Purification of Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Scaling in Pilot Production

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    ИсслСдован процСсс выдСлСния ΠΈ очистки поли‑3-гидроксибутирата Π² условиях ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ качСствС ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Ρ‚ натрия, Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ натрия ΠΈ ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎΠΊ «ПСмос». Наибольший Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ 95 %, ΠΈ чистота ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° 99,5 % достигнут ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании двухстадийного ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° экстракции ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° «ПСмос» Π² качСствС ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° стадии ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 31 Ρ€ΡƒΠ±/ΠΊΠ³ поли‑3-гидроксибутирата. По Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ исслСдований внСсСны измСнСния Π² Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ схСму процСссаThe process of isolating and purifying poly‑3-hydroxybutyrate under scaling conditions has been studied. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hypochlorite and Pemos washing powder were studied as solubilizing agents. The highest yield of 95 % and polymer purity of 99.5 % was achieved using a two- stage extraction method and Pemos powder as a solubilizing agent. As a result, it was possible to reduce the costs at the solubilization stage to 31 rubles/kg of poly‑3-hydroxybutyrate. Based on the research results, a technology for the isolation and purification of polyhydroxyalkanoates was propose

    Waste Fish Oil is a Promising Substrate for the Synthesis of Target Products of Biotechnology

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    Π–ΠΈΡ€, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² производства консСрвов прибалтийской кильки (Sprattus sprattus), Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ исслСдован Π² качСствС ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ субстрата для синтСза Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… биопластиков полигидроксиалканоатов (ΠŸΠ“Π) Π² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ: Cupriavidus necator B‑5786, C. necator B‑8562, C. necator B‑10646. Π’ исслСдуСмом ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ составили 95 %, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ 4 ΠΈ 1 % соотвСтствСнно; Π² составС ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот (Π–Πš) Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 16 ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот с Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (28,0 % ΠΎΡ‚ суммы Π–Πš), ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (25,3 % ΠΎΡ‚ суммы Π–Πš), докозагСксаСновой (16,7 % ΠΎΡ‚ суммы Π–Πš) кислот. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² выращивания Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π² срСдС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ синтСза Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ биомассы ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠŸΠ“Π. На ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСдС всС ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ биомассу с содСрТаниСм «сырого» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 70 ΠΈ 50 % соотвСтствСнно с ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ аминокислот, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ростС Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ высокиС (Π΄ΠΎ 60–70 %) Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠŸΠ“Π, прСдставлСнныС 3-Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ сополимСрами ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈ(3-гидроксибутират-со‑3- гидроксивалСрат-со‑3- гидроксигСксаноат) (П(3ГБ‑со‑3ГВ‑со‑3Π“Π“)) с содСрТаниСм 3Π“Π’ ΠΈ 3Π“Π“ соотвСтствСнно 0,20–0,31 ΠΈ 0,04–0,07 ΠΌΠΎΠ».% ΠΈ со значСниями срСднСвСсовой молСкулярной массы Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ 600 ΠΊΠ”Π° ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡŽ кристалличности порядка 70 %. Π˜ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ТиросодСрТащий ΠΎΡ‚Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Ρ€Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ отнСсти ΠΊ пСрспСктивному возобновляСмому ΠΈ доступному субстрату для биотСхнологичСского получСния Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Β«Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ…Β» пластиковFat derived from the waste of the Baltic sprat (Sprattus sprattus) canning industry was studied as a carbon substrate for the synthesis of single cell protein and degradable bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), in the culture of three bacterial strains: Cupriavidus necator B‑5786, C. necator B‑8562, and C. necator B‑10646. The fatty substrate used in the present study contained 95 % of total lipids, 4 % of proteins, and 1 % of carbohydrates. Sixteen fatty acids (FAs) of lipids were identified, with palmitic (28.0 %), oleic (25.3 %), and docosahexaenoic (16.7 %) acids prevailing. The modes of cell cultivation were varied and the concentration of nitrogen in the medium was changed to direct metabolism towards synthesis of single cell protein or reserve PHAs. On complete nutrient medium, all strains synthesized high- protein biomass containing at least 70 and 50 % of β€œcrude” protein and protein, respectively, which were complete in amino acids, including essential ones. When bacterial growth was limited by nitrogen, high (up to 60–70 %) yields of PHAs were obtained. The PHAs were represented by 3-component copolymers poly(3-hydroxybutyrtae-co‑3-hydroxyvalerate-co‑3-hydroxyhaxanoate) (P(3HB‑co‑3HV‑co‑3HHx)) with 0.20–0.31 mol.% of 3HV and 0.04–0.07 mol.% of 3HHx and with a weight average molecular weight of at least 600 kDa and a degree of crystallinity of about 70 %. Based on these parameters, the fat- containing waste of the canning industry can be regarded as a promising renewable substrate for the biotechnological production of single cell protein and biodegradable β€œgreen” plastics – polyhydroxyalkanoate

    Sugar Beet Molasses as a Potential C-Substrate for PHA Production by Cupriavidus necator

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    To increase the availability and expand the raw material base, the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by the wild strain Cupriavidus necator B-10646 on hydrolysates of sugar beet molasses was studied. The hydrolysis of molasses was carried out using β-fructofuranosidase, which provides a high conversion of sucrose (88.9%) to hexoses. We showed the necessity to adjust the chemical composition of molasses hydrolysate to balance with the physiological needs of C. necator B-10646 and reduce excess sugars and nitrogen and eliminate phosphorus deficiency. The modes of cultivation of bacteria on diluted hydrolyzed molasses with the controlled feeding of phosphorus and glucose were implemented. Depending on the ratio of sugars introduced into the bacterial culture due to the molasses hydrolysate and glucose additions, the bacterial biomass concentration was obtained from 20–25 to 80–85 g/L with a polymer content up to 80%. The hydrolysates of molasses containing trace amounts of propionate and valerate were used to synthesize a P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymer with minor inclusions of 3-hydroxyvlaerate monomers. The introduction of precursors into the medium ensured the synthesis of copolymers with reduced values of the degree of crystallinity, containing, in addition to 3HB, monomers 3HB, 4HB, or 3HHx in an amount of 12–16 mol.%

    Comparative Study of Methods of Pha Extraction from Bacterial Biomass

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    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² экстракции полигидроксиалканоатов (ΠŸΠ“Π) ΠΈΠ· биомассы Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ тСхнология вСдСния процСсса ΠΏΠΎ-Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ – ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ извлСчСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ чистоты. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ использованиС большого количСства Π»Π΅Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ токсичных Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π° извлСчСния ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ раздСлСния смСси «экстрагСнт – ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΒ». ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π° Β«Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ – ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΒ» (Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ – гСксан), которая Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ собой Π°Π·Π΅ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ смСсь, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π² процСсс Π΄ΠΎ 90 % Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ снизился расход растворитСлСй с 73,5 ΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ ΠŸΠ“Π (Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ – гСксан) Π΄ΠΎ 63,7 ΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ ΠŸΠ“Π (Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ – этанол – гСксан). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ· состава этанола Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ сниТСниС расхода Π΄ΠΎ 7,8 Π³/Π³ ΠŸΠ“Π, Π½ΠΎ Π² этом случаС Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° биомассы с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… комплСксов ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° сначала спиртом, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ. Π‘Π΅Π·Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² качСствС Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Ρ‚Π° натрия (Π”Π”Π‘-Na) позволяСт Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ экономичным способом ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ высокиС Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, Π½Π΅ загрязнСнного примСсями ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для тСхничСских Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π°, упаковочная продукция). Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ сниТаСт расходы Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ высокой чистоты ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ экстракции Π΄ΠΎ 98,5–99,0 %A comparative study of different methods of PHA extraction from the biomass of bacteria was carried out. It was shown that different reagents and process technologies have different effects on the extraction results – the completeness of polymer extraction and degree of its purity. Application of chloroform requires the use of large amounts of volatile and toxic reagents. When dichloromethane is used, the completeness of extraction increases, but it becomes necessary to implement procedures for separating the β€œextractant-precipitator” mixture. The solvent-precipitator pair (dichloromethanehexane) was selected, which does not lead to formation of an azeotropic mixture, making it possible to return up to 90 % of the reactants to the process. As a result, solvent consumption went down from 73.5 kg/kg of PHA (chloroform – hexane) to 63.7 kg/kg of PHA (chloroform – ethanol – hexane). If ethanol is excluded, it is possible to reduce the consumption to 7.8 g/g of PHA, but in this case additional treatment of biomass to destroy membrane complexes or sequential treatment first with alcohol and then with dichloromethane is needed. A nonchemical method using sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDS) as a detergent allows for a more economical way to obtain high yields of polymer not contaminated with admixtures of fatty acids and suitable for technical purposes (packaging, packaging products). A combined method was developed, which considerably reduces the cost of reagents and makes it possible to obtain polymers with high purity degree and extraction completeness up to 98.5–99.0

    The Kinetics of Fungicide and Herbicide Release from Slow-Release Formulations Prepared from Degradable Poly-3- Hydroxybutyrate

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    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ исслСдованиС ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅Π±ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… носитСлСй, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈ-3-гидроксибутирата Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹: Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ 3D-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. ВыявлСны основныС закономСрности ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°, рассчитаны кинСтичСскиС константы для ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ порядка ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π₯ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈRelease kinetics of the fungicide tebuconazole and the herbicide metribuzin from polymeric carriers was investigated. Carriers were prepared from poly-3- hydroxybutyrate as granules, films and 3D forms. The main mechanisms of pesticide release were discovered; kinetic constants for the first order model and Higuchi model were calculate

    Comparative Study of Methods of Pha Extraction from Bacterial Biomass

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    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² экстракции полигидроксиалканоатов (ΠŸΠ“Π) ΠΈΠ· биомассы Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ тСхнология вСдСния процСсса ΠΏΠΎ-Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ – ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ извлСчСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Π΅Π³ΠΎ чистоты. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΌ использованиС большого количСства Π»Π΅Ρ‚ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ токсичных Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π° извлСчСния ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ раздСлСния смСси «экстрагСнт – ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΒ». ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π° Β«Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ – ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΒ» (Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ – гСксан), которая Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ собой Π°Π·Π΅ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ смСсь, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π² процСсс Π΄ΠΎ 90 % Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ снизился расход растворитСлСй с 73,5 ΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ ΠŸΠ“Π (Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ – гСксан) Π΄ΠΎ 63,7 ΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ ΠŸΠ“Π (Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ – этанол – гСксан). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ· состава этанола Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ сниТСниС расхода Π΄ΠΎ 7,8 Π³/Π³ ΠŸΠ“Π, Π½ΠΎ Π² этом случаС Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° биомассы с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… комплСксов ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° сначала спиртом, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ. Π‘Π΅Π·Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² качСствС Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Ρ‚Π° натрия (Π”Π”Π‘-Na) позволяСт Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ экономичным способом ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ высокиС Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, Π½Π΅ загрязнСнного примСсями ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для тСхничСских Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π°, упаковочная продукция). Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ сниТаСт расходы Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ позволяСт ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ высокой чистоты ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ экстракции Π΄ΠΎ 98,5–99,0 %A comparative study of different methods of PHA extraction from the biomass of bacteria was carried out. It was shown that different reagents and process technologies have different effects on the extraction results – the completeness of polymer extraction and degree of its purity. Application of chloroform requires the use of large amounts of volatile and toxic reagents. When dichloromethane is used, the completeness of extraction increases, but it becomes necessary to implement procedures for separating the β€œextractant-precipitator” mixture. The solvent-precipitator pair (dichloromethanehexane) was selected, which does not lead to formation of an azeotropic mixture, making it possible to return up to 90 % of the reactants to the process. As a result, solvent consumption went down from 73.5 kg/kg of PHA (chloroform – hexane) to 63.7 kg/kg of PHA (chloroform – ethanol – hexane). If ethanol is excluded, it is possible to reduce the consumption to 7.8 g/g of PHA, but in this case additional treatment of biomass to destroy membrane complexes or sequential treatment first with alcohol and then with dichloromethane is needed. A nonchemical method using sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDS) as a detergent allows for a more economical way to obtain high yields of polymer not contaminated with admixtures of fatty acids and suitable for technical purposes (packaging, packaging products). A combined method was developed, which considerably reduces the cost of reagents and makes it possible to obtain polymers with high purity degree and extraction completeness up to 98.5–99.0

    The Kinetics of Fungicide and Herbicide Release from Slow-Release Formulations Prepared from Degradable Poly-3- Hydroxybutyrate

    No full text
    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ исслСдованиС ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅Π±ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… носитСлСй, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈ-3-гидроксибутирата Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹: Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΡƒΠ»Ρ‹, ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ 3D-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. ВыявлСны основныС закономСрности ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°, рассчитаны кинСтичСскиС константы для ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ порядка ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π₯ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈRelease kinetics of the fungicide tebuconazole and the herbicide metribuzin from polymeric carriers was investigated. Carriers were prepared from poly-3- hydroxybutyrate as granules, films and 3D forms. The main mechanisms of pesticide release were discovered; kinetic constants for the first order model and Higuchi model were calculate

    Scaling of Biodegradable Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesis Technology in Pilot Production Conditions

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    На основС ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ достигнутых Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-тСхнологичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ процСссов биосинтСза ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ исходныС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ создания ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ производства Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… полигидрокисалканоатов (ΠŸΠ“Π). Бконструировано, ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² строй ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ производство полигидроксиалканоатов, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ линию Β«BioengineeringΒ» (ШвСйцария) ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ получСния инокулята ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… срСд, выдСлСния ΠΈ очистки ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ². ΠžΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ производство Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² строй. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ исходной ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ инокулята (10Β±2) Π³/Π» ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 65 Ρ‡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ биомассы ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ Cupriavidus eutrophus Π’10646 составили (110Β±10) Π³/Π» ΠΈ (85Β±5) % ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ продуктивности процСсса ΠΏΠΎ биомассС ΠΈ ΠŸΠ“Π 1,7 ΠΈ 1,4 Π³/Π»βˆ™Ρ‡ соотвСтствСнно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π΄Π²ΠΎΠ΅ прСвосходит Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ достигнутыС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ Ralstonia eutrophus B5786 Π½Π° Ρ„Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ·Π΅. ΠœΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ обСспСчило ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π² количСствах, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… для провСдСния комплСкса Ρ€Π΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ стандартизации спСциализированной ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈOn the basis of experimentally achieved and developed technical and technological parameters of biosynthesis processes the baseline data were obtained and the project was worked out for organization of pilot production of degradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). The pilot line for production of polyhydroxyalkanoates was designed, equipped and commissioned, including the β€œBioengineering” fermentation line (Switzerland), as well as the blocks for preparation of inoculum and culture media, isolation and purification of polymers. The pilot production was commissioned. When the initial concentration of inoculum was (10 Β± 2) g/l and the cultivation duration was 65 h, the final concentrations of cells biomass in the culture of Cupriavidus eutrophus Π’10646 and polymer were (110Β±10) g/l and (85Β±5)%, with the process productivity by biomass and PHA of 1.7 and 1.4 g/lβˆ™h, respectively, which is twice as high as the previously achieved results in the culture of Ralstonia eutrophus B5786 on fructose. Scaling the technology made it possible to obtain the experimental batches of polymers in the amounts needed for conducting a complex of prescribed research, development and standardization of specialized polymer product
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