Open Government in the United States and Canada: Public and Press Access to Information

open government--Canada, open government--United States, press, media, access to informatio

Book Reviews

Morris Mannig, Rights, Freedoms, and the Court

Successful management of cesarean scar pregnancy complicated by an arteriovenous malformation

Background: Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancies are rare, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 2,000 pregnancies. The trauma of a cesarean section and a subsequent cesarean scar pregnancy can lead to the formation of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The resulting intractable bleeding is difficult to manage and can result in an emergent surgical intervention that could jeopardize a female's ability to become pregnant in the future

The High-Level Mobility Assessment Tool (HiMAT) in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2: A Case Report

Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is a progressive muscular dystrophy with multi-system manifestations and can affect functional mobility, gait, and balance. Currently, there are few reports of functional outcome measures in this population. This case describes the change in function detected by the High-level Mobility Assessment Tool (HiMAT) and 30-second Chair Stand Test (CST) in a high-functioning adult female with DM2 after physical therapy treatment. The patient’s chief complaint was muscular pain and fatigue that affected activities of daily living (ADLs). Multimodal physical therapy focused on neuromuscular re-education, balance and strength training, patient education, and moderate cardiorespiratory training. Improvements were observed in manual muscle testing and in single-limb standing balance. A nine-point total improvement was observed in HiMAT score, and the CST detected a 100% improvement in number of sit-to-stands. The patient returned to prior level of function and was able to resume ADLs and recreational activities without complaints of muscular pain or fatigue

Voting at Home Is Associated with Lower Cortisol than Voting at the Polls

Previous research finds that voting is a socially stressful activity associated with increases in cortisol levels. Here we extend this research by investigating whether different voting modalities have differential effects on the stress response to voting. Results from a field experiment conducted during the 2012 presidential elections strongly suggest that traditional “at the polls” voting is more stressful, as measured by increases in cortisol levels, than voting at home by mail-in ballot or engaging in comparable non-political social activities. These findings imply that increased low-stress voting options such as mail-in ballots may increase political participation among individuals who are sensitive to social stressors

Quasars: What turns them off?

(Abridged) We explore the idea that the anti-hierarchical turn-off observed in the quasar population arises from self-regulating feedback, via an outflow mechanism. Using a detailed hydrodynamic simulation we calculate the luminosity function of quasars down to a redshift of z=1 in a large, cosmologically representative volume. Outflows are included explicitly by tracking halo mergers and driving shocks into the surrounding intergalactic medium. Our results are in excellent agreement with measurements of the spatial distribution of quasars, and we detect an intriguing excess of galaxy-quasar pairs at very short separations. We also reproduce the anti-hierarchical turnoff in the quasar luminosity function, however, the magnitude of the turn-off falls short of that observed as well as that predicted by analogous semi-analytic models. The difference can be traced to the treatment of gas heating within galaxies. The simulated galaxy cluster L_X-T relationship is close to that observed for z~1 clusters, but the simulated galaxy groups at z=1 are significantly perturbed by quasar outflows, suggesting that measurements of X-ray emission in high-redshift groups could well be a "smoking gun" for the AGN heating hypothesis.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, submitted to ApJ, comments welcome

Corporate Culture and Its Connection with External and Internal Public Relations

The main aim of this article is to present the influence of corporate culture on company's stakeholders. This paper signalises the tendency in corporate communication with its internal and external publics. It is focused on two issues: corporate social responsibility and employer branding. Those two categories are consequences of corporate culture model.Głównym celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wpływu jaki wywiera charakter kultury korporacyjnej na związanych z przedsiębiorstwem interesariuszy (stakeholders). W artykule zasygnalizowane zostały główne tendencje wyznaczające charakter komunikacji między organizacją a jej wewnętrznym i zewnętrznym otoczeniem. Tekst koncentruje się na dwóch kwestiach: społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstwa (corporate social responsibilty) i budowanie wizerunku pracodawcy (employer branding), które zaprezentowane zostały jako efekty określonego modelu kultury organizacyjnej