Impact of Recreational Fishery on the Formal Danish Economy

This paper presents estimates of the economic impact of recreational fisheries on the formal economy of Denmark. It utilises primary data from a CVM (con-tingent valuation method)-mail survey conducted in 1999 in Denmark, Norway, Finland, Sweden and Iceland. The sample used in this paper covers 546 Danish respondents (recreational fishermen only). The questions on expenditure were asked in order to jog the memory of the respondents prior to the CVM questions in the form of willingness to pay questions. The annual mean amount spent on recreational fishery was estimated to be 1.170 DKK in national currency and the aggregate Danish expenditure was estimated to be 517 million DKK. The expenditure estimates from the original survey distributed on expenditure cate-gories were used as the starting point of this study. The estimation of the economic impact was done from the demand side using the Danish input-output tables. In the model each known expenditure category from the survey was allocated to a similar commodity group posting in the in-put output model nomenclature. As a result, the impact of expenditure on rec-reational fisheries activities on employment, import, indirect taxes and income was calculated.

Application of the Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System to Welfare Analysis

This paper presents the theoretical properties of the Inverse Almost Ideal De-mand System and applies the system on time series data for cod, herring and plaice in Denmark (1986 to 2001). Furthermore, the shortcoming of the Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System when applied to welfare analysis is discussed. The properties of the demand system show that - since the demand system is a second-order approximation to the true system - it does not have global appli-cability for welfare measurement. It may, therefore, not satisfy the conditions for calculation of consumer surplus (negative slope and positive point of inter-section with the price-axis). The theoretical point is illustrated by an empirical example of the Danish fish market. Using a vector auto regressive model in er-ror correction form to overcome the problem of non-stationarity of data, the In-verse Almost Ideal Demand System is estimated. For cod the intercept is nega-tive and for herring and plaice the slope of the demand function is positive in the data interval investigated. Thus, the estimated demand system is not suitable for welfare analysis.Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System, Welfare analysis, Co-integration and Fish

L\'{e}vy-based growth models

In the present paper, we give a condensed review, for the nonspecialist reader, of a new modelling framework for spatio-temporal processes, based on L\'{e}vy theory. We show the potential of the approach in stochastic geometry and spatial statistics by studying L\'{e}vy-based growth modelling of planar objects. The growth models considered are spatio-temporal stochastic processes on the circle. As a by product, flexible new models for space--time covariance functions on the circle are provided. An application of the L\'{e}vy-based growth models to tumour growth is discussed.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/07-BEJ6130 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm

Exploring the Shivwits production zone

The Shivwits Plateau is situated on the Arizona Strip in the northwest corner of Arizona. It is a relatively unexplored area rich in archaeological resources. This study provides three areas of exploration of the prehistoric Virgin Anasazi Pueblo period. Three research questions are posed. Are there substantial Virgin Puebloan sites on the Shivwits Plateau? Through compiled site data and analysis of settlement models the information supports the conclusion that there was a substantial prehistoric use of the Shivwits Plateau; A specific question about pottery production guides the second part of the research. Was the sherd-tempered Shivwits Plain and Shivwits Corrugated pottery produced on the Shivwits Plateau? Samples collected from five sites on the Plateau are examined. Temporal analysis and characterization cannot support the hypothesis at this time; Integrating the settlement information and the ceramic analysis provides the third area of question. Were the sites on the Shivwits Plateau situated to take advantage of movement of people and goods, particularly the Shivwits Plain and Shivwits Corrugated pottery, between the upland Western Plateaus and the neighboring Lowland Muddy-Virgin Valley? Examining the information from the five sample sites there is not a strong indication these sites were involved in interaction with the lowland. It is important to note that the absence of affirming evidence does not rule out the possibility of pottery production or of sites situated to take advantage of trade or travel. There is simply not enough information available to reach absolute conclusions about the Shivwits Plateau; The primary goal of this research is to provide a base of information about the archaeological potential of the Shivwits Plateau

The perfect participle and the supine in two chronolects of Danish

Modern Standard Danish distinguishes between a perfect participle and a supine. The perfect participle is an adnominal non-finite form of the verb, ascribing properties to a referent (as do the prototypical adjectives) and morpho-syntactically agreeing with this referent. The supine is an indeclinable non-finite form of a verb, ending in -t, used as a component in periphrastic verb forms. Outside the attributive position, the perfect participle is used in complement constructions with the copula verbs være ‘be’ and blive ‘be’/‘become’; the supine is used in perfective constructions and periphrastic passives with the auxiliaries have ‘have’, få ‘get’, være ‘be’ and blive ‘be’/‘become’. In Modern Standard Danish, the perfect participle has restricted use (it is the marked member of the paradigm perfect participle vs. supine); the supine has a wider domain of usage (it is the unmarked member of the paradigm). In the nineteenth century, this was different. Back then, the perfect participle was the unmarked form with a wide usage domain, whereas the supine had a more restricted use. This paper presents a study of these verb forms in two corpora representing different chronolects of Danish, one corpus consisting of texts from the nineteenth century, one of texts from Modern Standard Danish

Application of the Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System to Welfare Analysis

This paper presents the theoretical properties of the Inverse Almost Ideal De-mand System and applies the system on time series data for cod, herring and plaice in Denmark (1986 to 2001). Furthermore, the shortcoming of the Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System when applied to welfare analysis is discussed. The properties of the demand system show that - since the demand system is a second-order approximation to the true system - it does not have global appli-cability for welfare measurement. It may, therefore, not satisfy the conditions for calculation of consumer surplus (negative slope and positive point of inter-section with the price-axis). The theoretical point is illustrated by an empirical example of the Danish fish market. Using a vector auto regressive model in er-ror correction form to overcome the problem of non-stationarity of data, the In-verse Almost Ideal Demand System is estimated. For cod the intercept is nega-tive and for herring and plaice the slope of the demand function is positive in the data interval investigated. Thus, the estimated demand system is not suitable for welfare analysis

A Cost-Benefit Analysis of a Public Labelling Scheme of Fish Quality

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new method capable of evaluating the economic welfare for quality graded fish products using the hedonic price method for plaice in Denmark. Today no labelling scheme exists for the final consumers of different qualities of fish. A scheme does only exist at the first hand market. On this basis, a general applicable theoretical and empirical method is developed to compare the costs and benefits of the hypothetical choice between the total absence of labelling and the presence of a public label-ling scheme, which fully inform consumers on the quality and simultaneously allow the producers to differentiate prices between quality grades. It is shown that the economic welfare associated with a public labelling scheme is at mini-mum 263,000 euro. Sensitivity analysis shows that this result is robust. The pol-icy implication is that a public labelling scheme should not be implemented as the demand and cost functions have low elasticities, implying that the welfare gain is low

Towards a holographic marginal Fermi liquid

We present an infinite class of 2+1 dimensional field theories which, after coupling to semi-holographic fermions, exhibit strange metallic behavior in a suitable large $N$ limit. These theories describe lattices of hypermultiplet defects interacting with parity-preserving supersymmetric Chern-Simons theories with $U(N) \times U(N)$ gauge groups at levels $\pm k$. They have dual gravitational descriptions in terms of lattices of probe M2 branes in $AdS_4 \times S^7/Z_k$ (for $N \gg 1, N \gg k^5$) or probe D2 branes in $AdS_4 \times CP^3$ (for $N \gg k \gg 1, N \ll k^5$). We discuss several challenges one faces in maintaining the success of these models at finite $N$, including backreaction of the probes in the gravity solutions and radiative corrections in the weakly coupled field theory limit.Comment: 9 pages, RevTeX; v2, minor correction