Screening new cytokinesis genes and investigation of regulation of Hof1 in cytokinesis

In 1996, a complete sequence of the budding yeast genome was completed and numerous studies begun to discover the function of genes. A primary concern of this study was to identify genes that may function in cytokinesis. Seven candidate genes were chosen, which were previously shown to localize to the bud neck, the site of cytokinesis, or interact with a protein that is involved in cytokinesis. Six of those uncharacterized genes, YHR149C, YLR187W, YOL070C, YMR124W, YPL158C, and YOR304C-A, were identified by data generated by GFP tagging of the yeast proteome. Data from a large-scale two-hybrid screen was used to identify YGR153W. The results from a PCR-mediated technique allowing single-step deletion of chromosomal genes revealed that those seven genes might not function in cytokinesis. Another interest of this study was the role of phosphorylation of the PEST region of Hof1. Hof1p is a member of the pombe Cdc15p homology (PCH) family of proteins that localizes to actin-rich regions, such as cytokinetic actin ring. To determine if phosphorylation of the PEST region of Hof1 was important to regulate Hof1 dynamics and cytokinesis, in vitro mutagenesis on potential phosphorylation sites of the PEST domain was performed and further characterization is required. --Abstract, page iii

The Pricing of IPO Audit Expertise and Subsequent Issuer Underpricing

I examine the costs and benefits to the issuer of hiring an IPO auditor specialist in the U.S. Initial Public Offerings market. I quantify IPO auditor expertise at the market share level and the market concentration level and then I investigate the audit fees of IPO audit expertise and the issuer underpricing in the U.S. IPO market. I find that there are significant fee premiums when an audit firm is a national IPO audit specialist and when an audit office is a city IPO audit specialist. I also find that IPO specialist auditors reduce first-day issuer underpricing. These results are robust to controlling for extant endogeneity with respect to choice of auditor. This paper contributes to both the auditor specialization literature and the IPO literature by investigating IPO audit specialization. This study also provides useful information to IPO market participants, such as issuers, investors, auditors, and regulators

Curbing cost overruns in infrastructure investment: Has reference class forecasting delivered its promised success?

Infrastructure projects around the world have long been notorious for exceeding their budgets.  To address persistent cost overruns, the American Planning Association urged planners to adopt reference class forecasting alongside traditional methods but the practice has not caught on in the U.S.  Conversely, the U.K. adopted Kahneman’s Nobel Prize-winning theory to challenge biases in human judgment and mandated reference class forecasting for major projects in 2003.  Has reference class forecasting, originally developed to rectify honest mistakes, brought the promised success in the public sector wherein political pressure is significant?  Through before-and-after and with-and-without comparisons of 107 major projects, this empirical study examines the practical relevance of reference class forecasting for infrastructure investments.  A before-and-after comparison reveals that the average cost overrun declined from 38% to 5% following the introduction of reference class forecasting.  A with-and-without comparison also demonstrates that the U.K. surpassed its targeted probability of completing projects within budget by 12% using reference class forecasting, whereas the U.S. underperformed by 17%.  Thus, reference class forecasting has engendered notable improvements in estimation in the U.K.  This empirical study demonstrates the benefits of supplementing or replacing the current forecasting method.  The findings can be used to reduce substantial financial risks for the government as well as social and economic welfare losses for society

Creative Arts-Based Parents Training Program for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

This study evaluated the impact of the Creative Arts-based Parents’ Training (CAPT) program. The 6-week long, creative arts therapy-based program and its impact on parental stress and sense of competence for parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was examined. Korean Parenting Stress Index Short-Form (K-PSI-SF) and Korean-Parenting Efficacy Test (K-PET) were used as quantitative measurements. Qualitative data were also collected for the experimental group (n = 17) using questionnaires, art journaling, and a 30 min focus group interview. The control group (n = 15) only participated in quantitative measurements. There was no difference in age between the experimental and control groups, t(25)=1.38, p=.19 and there was no difference in gender breakdown between groups, p=.86. There was a significant difference in the change in K-PSI-SF scores favoring the experimental group, and, t(17)=-2.72, p=.014 after controlling for inequality of variances; yet, there was no statistical significance found between groups t(30)=.912, p=.369 in K-PET scores. The experimental group reported positive experiences of both psychoeducational and creative arts-based parts of the program. Participants highlighted the CAPT program as helping them (1) improve social connection; (2) create new opportunities to be child-focused; (3) understand play for communication and connection; (4) understand the importance of emotion for child development; and (5) improve access to individualized information. The CAPT program seems a promising supplementary parent-training program

The Relationship Between Chaebol And Firm Value Using Bayesian Network

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of being a chaebol company, the biggest company characteristic variable, on firm value. It tries to overcome the limitation of multiple regression analysis mostly used in preceding research. That is, as multiple regression analysis assumes uniform linearity between dependent and independent variables, it could not reflect the diverse types of the real world. Thus, based on being a chaebol company and financial information, company characteristic variables influencing firm value, this study derives causal relationships existing between them. The results could help managers and various accounting information users in their decision-making by providing them with information of what company characteristics would directly or indirectly influence firm value. To this end, this study utilizes Bayesian Network and attempts Markov Blanket. In the end, all the analysis methods used in this study not only provides significant results, but also raises its practical value by offering information of diverse situations that could occur in the real world

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