Knapped lithic tools used in agricultural activities from the Neolithic site of La Vaquera (Segovia)

La Vaquera Cave is located at the centre of the Iberian Peninsula (Segovia). The cave was occupied by the first groups of farmers settling down in the area, during the late 6th millennium cal BC. In this paper, we study the lithic tools which were used for cereal harvesting and processing. The characteristics of these agricultural tools are compared with those coming from other Early Neolithic sites, which have been previously analyzed. The pattern of geographical distribution of the different sickle types is explained in the context of the spread of agriculture in the Western Mediterranean region.La Cueva de la Vaquera constituye un contexto arqueológico de una riqueza excepcional. Entre las distintas ocupaciones documentadas nos detenemos en las pertenecientes a las primeras sociedades agricultoras y ganaderas del Neolítico antiguo. En este trabajo nos centramos en el estudio del utillaje lítico y en concreto en los caracteres morfológicos de las hoces empleadas en actividades de siega y procesado de los cereales. La información obtenida la contextualizamos en el marco de los inicios del Neolítico en la Península Ibérica en relación a los primeros instrumentos agrícolas

Tumor-Resident Lactobacillus iners Confer Chemoradiation Resistance Through Lactate-Induced Metabolic Rewiring

Tumor microbiota can produce active metabolites that affect cancer and immune cell signaling, metabolism, and proliferation. Here, we explore tumor and gut microbiome features that affect chemoradiation response in patients with cervical cancer using a combined approach of deep microbiome sequencing, targeted bacterial culture, and in vitro assays. We identify that an obligate L-lactate-producing lactic acid bacterium found in tumors, Lactobacillus iners, is associated with decreased survival in patients, induces chemotherapy and radiation resistance in cervical cancer cells, and leads to metabolic rewiring, or alterations in multiple metabolic pathways, in tumors. Genomically similar L-lactate-producing lactic acid bacteria commensal to other body sites are also significantly associated with survival in colorectal, lung, head and neck, and skin cancers. Our findings demonstrate that lactic acid bacteria in the tumor microenvironment can alter tumor metabolism and lactate signaling pathways, causing therapeutic resistance. Lactic acid bacteria could be promising therapeutic targets across cancer types

Comprehensive Analysis of Adverse Events Associated with Gastric Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy: An International Multicenter Study

International audienc