Periodontal Disease Behavior in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes in Cienfuegos in 2008

<strong>Background: </strong>chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases are a set of entities of multifactorial etiology. Diabetes mellitus is one of the conditions with a great impact on the periodontium and its interaction with microorganisms. <strong><br />Objective:</strong> to characterize the behaviour of periodontal disease in children and adolescents with diabetes in Cienfuegos in 2008. <strong><br />Method:</strong> an epidemiological, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample included diabetic children and adolescents under 19 years old who attended the endocrinology clinic of the Pediatric Teaching Hospital ‘’Paquito González Cueto" in the province of Cienfuegos, from January to November 2008. The Russell’s Periodontal Index and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index were applied. The following clinical variables were considered: metabolic control, duration of diabetes mellitus and nutritional assessment. A data-collecting form was used for data analysis. For the statistical processing SPSS (15.0) and Chi square statistical tests were used. <strong><br />Results:</strong> a highly significant dependence between oral hygiene and the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease was found as well as a strong association between the lack of metabolic decontrol and periodontal disease. <br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> there is a high prevalence of periodontal diseases in children and adolescents with diabetes in the province of Cienfuegos

Informed consent in dental extractions.

When performing any oral intervention, particularly dental extractions, the specialist should have the oral or written consent of the patient. This consent includes the explanation of all possible complications, whether typical, very serious or personalized associated with the previous health condition, age, profession, religion or any other characteristic of the patient, as well as the possi.ble benefits of the intervention. This article is related with the bioethical aspects related with dental extractions, in order to determine the main elements that the informed consent should include

Factores contribuyentes al diagnóstico tardío del carcinoma bucofaríngeo Factors contributing to the late diagnosis of buccopharyngeal carcinoma

Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo de una serie consecutiva de 249 pacientes con diagnóstico de carcinoma bucofaríngeo reportados al Registro Nacional del Cáncer (RNC) entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2004 en Camagüey, analizando retrospectivamente factores y hallazgos clínicos que puedan contribuir al diagnóstico tardío del carcinoma bucofaríngeo. Según sexo, edad, nivel de escolaridad, etapa y localización de la enfermedad, se estudió la duración y tipo de síntomas, así como la causa del diagnóstico tardío, separando las cohortes de pacientes muy jóvenes, muy ancianos y sin factores de riesgo. El 38,9 % de los pacientes fue diagnosticado en estadio III y IV. La base de lengua, suelo de boca, gingiva y área retromolar fueron las localizaciones más frecuentes. El 54 % de estos presentaron síntomas al menos 4 meses antes de ser diagnosticados y fue el dolor (32 %) el más frecuente. La duración de los síntomas fue de 0 a 52 semanas (promedio de 8,6 semanas) para la etapa I, y de 0 a 260 semanas (promedio de 19,9 semanas) para la etapa IV. El 50,8 % de las lesiones de la región anterior de suelo de boca se encontró en etapa III/IV en relación con el 75,7 % de la región retromolar. El 75 % de los pacientes con bajo nivel de escolaridad se presentó en etapa III/IV, en oposición al 54 % de los pacientes con nivel elevado. El 71,3 % de los pacientes sin hábitos tabaco/alcohol fueron diagnosticados tardíamente. El 20 % de los pacientes consultaron al menos un profesional en relación con la enfermedad sin ser diagnosticados y remitidos adecuadamente. El 80 % de los pacientes fue diagnosticado como parte del Programa Nacional de Control de Cáncer Bucal, aunque predominó el pesquisaje pasivo. Factores importantes en el diagnóstico tardío fueron el bajo nivel de escolaridad, localizaciones posteriores de la cavidad bucal por cuestiones de accesibilidad y la falta de factores de riesgo.An observational retrospective study of a consecutive series of 249 patients with diagnosis of buccopharyngeal carcinoma reported at the National Cancer Registry between January 2000 and December 2004, in Camagüey, was conducted. Factors and clinical findings that may contribute to the late diagnosis of the buccopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. According to sex, age, educational level, and the stage and localization of the disease, the duration and type of the symptoms were studied, as well as the cause of the late diagnosis, by separating the very young from the very old cohorts and from those without risk factors. 38.9 % of the patients were diagnosed in stage III and IV. The radix linguae, the floor of the mouth, gingiva and the retromolar area were the most frequent localizations. 54 % of them presented symptoms at least 4 months before being diagnosed and pain (32 %) was the most common of them. The symptoms lasted from 0 to 52 weeks (an average of 8.6 weeks) for stage I and from 0 to 260 weeks (an average of 19.9 weeks) for stage IV. 50.8 % of the lesions of the anterior region of the floor of the mouth were in stage III/IV in relation to 75.7 % of the retromolar region. 75 % of the patients with low educational level were in stage III/IV compared to 54 % of the patients with a high educational level. 71.3 % of the patients without tobacco/alcohol habits were lately diagnosed. 20 % of the patients visited at least a professional in connection with the disease without being adequately diagnosed and referred. 80 % of the patients were diagnosed as part of the National Program of Oral Cancer Control, though there was a predominance of the passive screening. The low educational level, the posterior localizations of the oral cavity due to accesability questions and the lack of risk factors were important factors in the late diagnosis

Overloads and interferences as risk factors in periodontal disease.

Background: Peridontal diseases are among the most common diseases affecting human beings, and are the second major buccal health problem worldwide. Objective: To assess the relation between occlusion overloads and interferences and periodontal disease severity. Method: Descriptive, retrospective analytical study of 100 patients who attended to the Periodontal Consultation in Cienfuegos Dental Clinic between January, 2002 and January, 2007, with diagnosis of periodontitis and occlusal overload and interferences. The variables were: periodontal pocket, gingival retraction, dental mobility, and differences between teeth groups with and without occlusal overload and interferences were determined, according to these variables. Results: There were significant differences between both groups (with and without overloads and interferences) regarding each variable. Conclusions: Our results show the relation between these two factors and periodontal disease

Epidemiological study on Buccal Health in the 12 years old population of Health Care Area VIII in Cienfuegos.

Background: The 12 years-old children population is worldwide taken as a reference age to compare the buccal health condition of different countries, by means of various indicators that measure the presence of the main buccal diseases. The knowledge of these epidemiological profiles generates information to guide the services planning policies of the Primary Health Care. Objective: To characterize 12 years-old population's buccal health condition. Methods: Cross- sectional descriptive correlative study with a stratified probabilistic sample of 90 children starting from a universe conformed by the 269 adolescents that constitute the total of the 12 years old population of the Health Care Area VIII in Cienfuegos municipality. Pearson’s chi-square and Mantel-Haenszel lineal tendency tests were used with the determination of the relative risk and reliance intervals of 95%. Results: The decay prevalence reached 54, 4%. The COP-D index was 2, 45 being the decayed component the major percentage with 4.6%. The periodontal disease was more frequent in boys than in girls, with 54, 9% and 30, 8% respectively. 80,9% of the segments is healthy. In those affected, the calculation prevailed in 11,7%. It was determined that faulty obturations, inheritance and faulty buccal hygiene were the most affecting risk factors for children with decays, while in the periodontal disease it was faulty buccal hygiene. Malocclusions presented a prevalence rate of 40%. Out of which, 55,6% required secondary level attention. Those with habits present a risk 2 times superior of making sick. The sick epidemiological category was present in 77,8% of the total. Conclusions: We emphasize the prevention need as core issue of the primary medical care in the world today; being the General-Integral Dentist a transforming agent that according to his/her formation is capable to assume the existent health problem and to modify it positively, acting from the earliest ages.</p

Memorias semana de la Facultad de Educación. VII semana: historias, saberes y prácticas educativas innovadoras e incluyentes.

Las Memorias de la VII Semana de la Educación “Historias, saberes y prácticas educativas innovadoras e incluyentes”, publicadas por la Editorial de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO, reúnen las ponencias y resúmenes sobre esta temática presentadas en un evento de realización anual, cuyo propósito es socializar experiencias investigativas y académicas de grupos, semilleros de investigación y trabajos de grado entre estudiantes y profesores de la Facultad de Educación, y con profesores y estudiantes de otras instituciones educativas que gentilmente compartieron experiencias en el campo de la educación, la pedagogía, el arte, la cultura y el deporte. El principal interés de este encuentro radica en recoger la construcción histórica educativa de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO con respecto a sus orígenes y construcciones académicas; y las experiencias históricas de otras propuestas educativas a nivel de la educación infantil, básica, media y superior con tejido cultural y social, desde un enfoque diferencial y diverso en el cual todas las experiencias enriquecen la formación de maestros desde la innovación e inclusión en los diferentes contextos. En este encuentro participaron las universidades Antonio Nariño, de la Amazonia, del Rosario, La Gran Colombia y Pedagógica Nacional, así como la Corporación Escuela Pedagógica Experimental, el Centro Educativo de Nuestra Señora de la Paz, el Instituto Colombo Sueco y varios docentes de la Secretaría de Educación Distrital de Bogotá D. C