Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity-4

Ial dilutions of the homogenized samples were obtained and aliquots of the appropriate dilution were spread onto the surface of following agarized media: Mac Conkey were used for enterobacteria; M-17 for lactic flora; RCA-pH5 for bifidobacteria; MRS for total lactobacilli; RCA total anaerobic bacteria. Colony counts are expressed as lognumbers of bacteria per gram of large intestine. Each point represents the mean of n = 15 ± SD. In order to simplify the analysis of the figure, the statistical analysis is showed only for the two media where significant differences were observed (Mac Conkey and RCA-pH5) comparing all the groups. Means for each culture medium without a common letter differ significantly (< 0.05).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/9/27</p><p>BMC Immunology 2008;9():27-27.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2459154.</p><p></p

Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity-1

Ositive cells per 10 fields of vision at 1000× of magnification. Values are means for n = 15 ± SD. Mice from each exprimental group (mice from mother did not received PFM and they did not receive PFM (Aa) or they received PFM after weaning (Ab); mice from mothers given PFM during suckling period and they did not receive PFM (Ba) or they received PFM (Bb) after weaning. Means for each value without a common letter differ significantly (< 0.05).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/9/27</p><p>BMC Immunology 2008;9():27-27.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2459154.</p><p></p

Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity-0

Ial dilutions of the homogenized samples were obtained and aliquots of the appropriate dilution were spread onto the surface of following agarized media: Mac Conkey were used for enterobacteria; M-17 for lactic flora; RCA-pH5 for bifidobacteria; MRS for total lactobacilli; RCA total anaerobic bacteria. Colony counts are expressed as lognumbers of bacteria per gram of large intestine. Each point represents the mean of n = 15 ± SD. In order to simplify the analysis of the figure, the statistical analysis is showed only for the two media where significant differences were observed (Mac Conkey and RCA-pH5) comparing all the groups. Means for each culture medium without a common letter differ significantly (< 0.05).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/9/27</p><p>BMC Immunology 2008;9():27-27.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2459154.</p><p></p

Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity-3

Thout a common letter differ significantly (< 0.05).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Effect of the administration of a fermented milk containing DN-114001 on intestinal microbiota and gut associated immune cells of nursing mice and after weaning until immune maturity"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2172/9/27</p><p>BMC Immunology 2008;9():27-27.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2459154.</p><p></p

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions