6 research outputs found
Liquid micronized CaCO3: an alternative to correct the pH of an acidic soil and improve pineapple development
In southern Veracruz, Mexico, edaphic acidity reduces pineapple development and yield. From July/2018 to January/2019, an experiment was conducted under rainfed conditions to determine the effect of liquid micronized CaCO3 on the edaphic pH and the initial vegetative development of pineapple in acidic soils of Isla, Ver. A randomized block design with four replications and four treatments was utilized: control without liming (T1), application of 2.0 t ha-1 of dolomite (T2), and 10.0 (T3) and 20.0 (T4) L ha-1 of liquid micronized CaCO3. The edaphic pH was measured, before liming and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing (das), at depths of 0-5, 5-15 and 15-30 cm, and the biomass (fresh weight of leaves and stem) produced at 60, 90 and 120 das was determined. Up to 90 das, with dolomite, optimal soil pH values ??were reached for pineapple, significantly higher than that of liquid CaCO3 in both doses. At 120 das, with 20 L ha-1 liquid CaCO3, the pH was greater than 5.0 in the three sampled strata, with statistically similar values ??to those of dolomite and higher than those of the low dose of micronized CaCO3 and the control. On this latter date, 1,346 g of plant biomass-1 were produced with 20 L ha-1 of micronized CaCO3, an amount statistically similar to that obtained with dolomite and the low dose of micronized CaCO3 and significantly higher than the control.Objective: to determine the effect of liquid micronized CaCO3 on soil pH and pineapple vegetative development in acidic soils at Isla, Veracruz.
Design/Methodology/Approach: randomized blocks with four replications and four treatments: Non-liming control (T1), 2.0 t ha-1 of dolomite (T2), 10.0 (T3) and 20.0 (T4) L ha-1 of liquid CaCO3. The soil pH was measured, before liming and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing, at depths of 0-5, 5-15 and 15-30 cm, and the biomass was determined at the 60, 90 and 120 dds. Analysis of variance and the 5% Fisher test were performed to separate means.
Results: up to 90 dds, with dolomite, optimal pH values were reached for pineapple, significantly higher than those of CaCO3 in both doses. At 120 dds, with 20 L ha-1 CaCO3 the pH was higher than 5.0, similar to that of dolomite and higher than those of the low dose of CaCO3 and the control. At the last date, with 20 L ha-1 of CaCO3 1,346 g plant-1 biomass were produced, an amount similar to dolomite and the low dose of CaCO3 and significantly higher than that of the control.
Findings/Conclusions: up to 120 dds, with 20 L ha-1 of liquid CaCO3, the optimum pH for pineapple was reached in the three strata, the values were similar to those of dolomite and higher than those of the low dose of CaCO3 and the control. CaCO3 (20 L ha-1) and dolomite (2 t ha-1) produced 33.1 and 20.9% more biomass than the control
Efecto de diferentes sistemas de fertilización en el rendimiento de frijol de humedad residual en Veracruz
En otoño-invierno 2009/2010, se establecieron dos módulos experimentales, para determinar el efecto de sistemas de fertilización en el rendimiento del frijol. Los módulos se establecieron en José Azueta y Medellín, en el sur y centro de Veracruz, respectivamente. Se evaluaron los tratamientos: 1. Sin fertilización, 2. Inoculación de 1 kg de Glomus intrarradices en 45 kg de semilla ha-1 (Gi) + la dosis 40N-20P2O5-0K2O (Fq) y 3. Gi + Fq + fertilización foliar orgánica con Nutripro Xtra-Alga, Nutripro Forte y Aminofit Xtra a 1 L ha-1 cada uno. Cada tratamiento ocupó una superficie de 3000 m2. El rendimiento de grano se estimó mediante tres muestreos de 3 m2 en cada tratamiento. Se realizó análisis de varianza por localidad, en diseño completamente al azar, considerando cada muestreo como una repetición, y un análisis combinado (localidades-fertilización); para la separación de promedios se aplicó la prueba de Tukey (p < 0,05). En José Azueta se obtuvo un rendimiento promedio de 1471,33 kg ha-1, significativamente superior al de Medellín (826,67 kg ha-1). La inoculación a la semilla con G. intrarradices, en combinación con la dosis 40N-20P2O5-0K2O, incrementó en 87,6% el rendimiento de grano, en relación al testigo sin fertilización, pero con la aplicación complementaria de fertilizantes foliares orgánicos, no se obtuvo un incremento adicional en el rendimiento
Bean rust resistance and yield of black bean genotypes under field conditions
Objective: To identify black bean lines resistant to rust under field conditions, and with yield equal to or greater than that of three varieties for commercial use in Veracruz. Design/methodology/approach: The genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block experimental design with three replications. Its reaction to rust was rated on an incidence scale of 1 to 9 and grain yield was estimated in kilograms per hectare. Analyses of variance were performed and to separate averages, the Least Significant Difference was applied at 0.05. Correlation analyses were also carried out between the rust incidence values and the yield of the genotypes at each evaluation site. Results: Nine lines were resistant to rust with an average incidence of between 1.78 and 3.33, of which Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-4 was the most productive with an average yield of 2183.4 kg ha-1, statistically similar. to that obtained by the Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-1 and Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-1-2 lines and the Verdín variety, and significantly higher than that of the rest of the genotypes. Limitations on study/implications: Although the rust occurred in the three study locations, its degree of incidence and the stage in which it appeared were different. However, in all cases, the degree of infection was sufficient to evaluate the reaction of the genotypes to this disease. Findings/conclusions: Three lines resistant to rust were identified under field conditions, with an average yield significantly higher than that of the Negro Jamapa and Negro Medellín varieties.
Objective: To identify black beans lines resistant to bean rust under field conditions, which have similar or higher yield than three commercial varieties sown in Veracruz, Mexico.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The genotypes were evaluated using a completely randomized block design. The reaction of the genotypes to bean rust was qualified using a 1-9 incidence rate, while grain yield was estimated in kg ha-1. An analysis of variance was carried out and the resulting means were divided using a 0.05 Least Significant Difference (LSD). Additionally, a correlation analysis between the incidence values of bean rust and the yield of the genotypes was carried out in each evaluation site.
Results: Nine lines were resistant to bean rust (incidence average: 1.78-3.33). Out of these lines, Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-4 was the most productive line, with a 2,183.4 kg ha-1 average yield. This result is statistically similar to the results of the Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-1 and Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-1-2 lines and the Verdín variety. In addition, the results of Jamapa Plus/XRAV-187-3-4-4 are slightly higher than the results obtained by the rest of the genotypes.
Study Limitations/Implications: Although bean rust was recorded in three of the localities of the study area, the incidence degree and the stage when it was found were different. However, in all the cases, the infection degree was enough to evaluate the reactions of the genotypes to this disease.
Findings/Conclusions: Three bean rust-resistant lines were identified under field conditions. They had a significantly higher average yield than the Negro Jamapa and Negro Medellín varieties
Identification of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes resistant to anthracnose and rust for Veracruz and Chiapas, Mexico
Objective:to determine the reaction of 53 lines and three varieties of black beans to inoculation with Uromyces appendiculatusand Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, to identify genotypes resistant to rust and anthracnose. Design/methodology/approach:ten seedlings of each genotype were inoculated in the greenhouse with a suspension of U. appendiculatusurediospores and another 10 with a suspension of C. lindemuthianumconidia. Fourteen days after inoculation, the reaction of the genotypes to rust was evaluated with a severity scale of 1 to 6, and to anthracnose, with a scale of 0 to 4. The data were analyzed in a completely randomized design with 10 replications per treatment and for the separation of averages the LSD at 0.05 was applied. Results:41 genotypes showed a hypersensitivity reaction to rust, of which 25 had a reaction value of 2.0, statistically lower than that of the controls. In turn, 45 genotypes were resistant to anthracnose, of which 18 had a value of 1.0, statistically similar to that of Negro Jamapa and lower than that of the rest of the genotypes. Limitations of the study/implications:due to the diversity of races of both pathogens, the genotypes were inoculated with monopustular isolates of the main races of U. appendiculatusand with monosporic cultures of C. lindemuthianum, which occur in the bean crops of Veracruz and Chiapas.
Findings/conclusions:25 lines resistant to rust and 18 to anthracnose were identified, which stood out for presenting the least damage from these diseases.Objective: to determine the reaction of 53 lines and three varieties of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to inoculation with Uromyces appendiculatus and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, to identify genotypes resistant to rust and anthracnose.Design/methodology/approach: 10 seedlings of each genotype were inoculated in the greenhouse with a suspension of U. appendiculatus uredospores and another 10 with a suspension of C. lindemuthianum conidia. At 14 days after inoculation, the reaction of the genotypes to rust was evaluated with a severity scale of 1 to 6, and to anthracnose, with ascale of 0 to 4. The data were analyzed in a completely randomized design with 10 replications per treatment and LSD at 0.05 was applied for the separation of averages.Results: 41 genotypes showed a hypersensitivity reaction to rust, of which 25 had a reaction value of 2.0, statistically lower than those of controls. In turn, 45 genotypes were resistant to anthracnose, of which 18 had a value of 1.0, statistically similar to that of Negro Jamapa and lower than those of the rest of the genotypes.Study limitations/implications: due to the diversity of races of both pathogens, the genotypes were inoculated with monopustular isolates of the principal races of U. appendiculatus and with monosporic cultures of C. lindemuthianum, which occur in the bean crops of Veracruz and Chiapas.Findings/conclusions: 25 lines resistant to rust and 18 to anthracnose were identified, which stood out for presenting the least damage from these diseases