Paediatricians’ Practice About SUDDEN Infant Death Syndrome in Catalonia, Spain

Background SIDS is the major cause of death among healthy born infants in developed countries. Its causes are still unclear, but its risk can be reduced by implementing some simple active interventions. In Spain, limited attention was given to SIDS by the national healthcare system, and actual data on healthcare professionals’ practice on this topic was not available. This study explored for the first time paediatricians’ knowledge and practice about SIDS. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out between November 2012 and April 2013 in Catalonia, and reached 1202 paediatricians. The response rate was 46%. Results 94% of respondents perceived themselves as qualified for giving advice and recommendations about SIDS to parents, but only 58% recognized the supine position as the safest position and recommended the supine position exclusively to parents. Seniority and ‘having received a specific training about SIDS’ were detrimental to paediatricians’ knowledge. Discussion Efforts should be made in order to improve paediatricians’ knowledge and practice about SIDS. Specific refresher trainings are highly recommended, and should especially target paediatricians with higher seniority. These trainings could be provided as optional modules, as we could see that the paediatricians who would most benefit from them are already aware of the need to refresh their knowledge

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Factores de riesgo asociados al sexting como umbral de diversas formas de victimización. Estudio de factores correlacionados con el sexting en una muestra universitaria

En los últimos años, la irrupción del fenómeno del sexting ha generado una significativa preocupación mediática y social. La práctica del sexting se ha revelado problemática, en tanto que puede producir graves consecuencias psicológicas y jurídicas, especialmente en adolescentes. La aparición de tales consecuencias ha puesto de manifiesto la urgente necesidad de desarrollar estrategias de prevención adecuadas. Más aún, mediante el envío de mensajes, imágenes o vídeos de sexting, menores (y también adultos) cruzan inadvertidamente un umbral de riesgo que los expone sin vuelta atrás a diversas formas de victimización (chantajes, venganzas o simples indiscreciones altamente perjudiciales). Asimismo, puede suponer el inicio de delitos sexuales iniciados a través de las TIC (Wolak et al., 2004). En un primer momento, la mayoría de las investigaciones realizadas se centraron en analizar la prevalencia del fenómeno y los motivos que decían tener los encuestados para obrar de este modo. A pesar de las diferencias en los diversos estudios —en función del tipo de muestra y de los parámetros para definir las conductas objeto de cuantificación—, las investigaciones realizadas apuntan sin duda hacia la presencia global de un fenómeno similar. Sin embargo, la investigación apenas ha iniciado la exploración de posibles factores asociados al sexting. El presente estudio pretende —más allá de medir la prevalencia del fenómeno o describir los motivos aparentes de los encuestados— contrastar algunas hipótesis sobre factores asociados al sexting basándose en una muestra de 149 estudiantes universitarios en Barcelona (España). Los resultados obtenidos muestran una tasa relativamente alta de comportamientos de sexting en jóvenes-adultos y sugieren una relación positiva significativa con los siguientes factores: bajos estándares de privacidad y modestia, tendencia a la promiscuidad, aprobación de la pornografía y ausencia de creencias morales. A partir de los hallazgos de este estudio se proponen futuras investigaciones sobre sexting que comprendan una evaluación más completa de factores de riesgo asociados y la identificación y propuesta de posibles estrategias de prevención de distintas formas de victimización relacionadas con o derivadas del mismo.</p

Paediatricians’ practice about SUDDEN infant death syndrome in Catalonia, Spain

Background SIDS is the major cause of death among healthy born infants in developed countries. Its causes are still unclear, but its risk can be reduced by implementing some simple active interventions. In Spain, limited attention was given to SIDS by the national healthcare system, and actual data on healthcare professionals’ practice on this topic was not available. This study explored for the first time paediatricians’ knowledge and practice about SIDS. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out between November 2012 and April 2013 in Catalonia, and reached 1202 paediatricians. The response rate was 46%. Results 94% of respondents perceived themselves as qualified for giving advice and recommendations about SIDS to parents, but only 58% recognized the supine position as the safest position and recommended the supine position exclusively to parents. Seniority and ‘having received a specific training about SIDS’ were detrimental to paediatricians’ knowledge. Discussion Efforts should be made in order to improve paediatricians’ knowledge and practice about SIDS. Specific refresher trainings are highly recommended, and should especially target paediatricians with higher seniority. These trainings could be provided as optional modules, as we could see that the paediatricians who would most benefit from them are already aware of the need to refresh their knowledge