Dry socket following surgical removal of impacted third molar in an Iranian population: Incidence and risk factors

Introduction: Dry socket (DS) is the most common post‑surgical complication following extraction of impacted molar teeth. Various risk factors have been mentioned for this complication including gender, age, amount of trauma during extraction, difficulty of surgery, inappropriate irrigation, infection, smoking, and oral contraceptive use. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the incidence of DS among surgical removal of impacted third mandibular molar in an Iranian Oral and Maxillofacial Clinic and also identifying the background risk factors.Materials and Methods: A total of 189 patients with a total of 256 surgeries entered this study. Surgeries to remove impacted third mandibular molar teeth between April 2009 and August 2010 were included in this study. A questionnaire containing two sections was designed; in the first section demographic data along with smoking status, oral contraceptive use, menstrual cycle phase, systemic disorders, and use of antibiotics prior to surgery collected; in the second section data regarding difficulty of surgery according to radiograph and surgeon perception after surgery, length of surgery, and number of anesthetic carpules along with data regarding cases returning with DS recorded. Data were reported descriptively and analyzed with Fisher’s exact test and Chi‑square with the confidence interval of 95%.Results: The incidence of DS was 19.14%. Age, gender, systemic disorder, and antibiotics use prior to surgery revealed no significant associations with DS (P > 0.05). However, incidence of DS was significantly relevant to smoking, oral contraceptive use, menstruation cycle, difficulty of the surgery according to pre‑surgery radiograph evaluation and perception of surgeon post‑surgery, length of surgery, and number of carpules used to reach anesthesia (P < 0.05).Conclusion: It is recommended to identify high risk groups when performing extraction surgeries to consider measures in order to reduce postoperative complications.Keywords: Alveolar osteitis, dry socket, incidence, impacted third molar, risk factorsNigerian Journal of Clinical Practice • Oct-Dec 2013 • Vol 16 • Issue

Pattern of mandibular third molar impaction: A cross‑sectional study in northeast of Iran

Objectives: Impacted teeth, if left untreated, have a potential to induce various complications. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of impacted mandibular third molar in the Iranian population.Study Design: This cross‑sectional study was performed in patients who were referred to the Department of Oral Radiology between July 2009 and October 2010 to obtain an orthopantomogram (OPG). Data were collected regarding age and gender, prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars, angulation of impacted teeth (Winter’s classification), level of impaction (Pell and Gregory classification), and relationship of the mandibular third molar with the ramus (Pell and Gregory classification). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.0 with a confidence interval of 95%.Results: Among the 1433 patients included in the study, 489 (34.12%) patients were male and 944 (65.88%) were female. Of the total OPGs performed, 871 (60.78%) OPGs demonstrated at least one impacted mandibular third molar. In addition, of the 2866 mandibular third molars investigated, 1397 (48.74%) were found to be impacted. A significant association was observed between gender and the number of impacted teeth or the presence of impaction of any mandibular tooth (or teeth) (P < 0.05). The most common type of tooth angulation was mesioangular (48.67%). In addition, the most prevalent type of impaction level and ramus relationship was level B (63.85%) and Class II (48.46%), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two sides of the mandible for the prevalence of impacted third molar (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The pattern of mandibular third molars in the Northeast region of Iran revealed a high prevalence of impaction, which was mostly mesioangular, level B, and Class II with a gender predilection for females.Keywords: Impaction, Iran, mandibular third molar, orthopantomogram, patter

Epidemiologic study and cutaneous mycologic infectious among primary students in Tehran, 1994

Since there are concerns about spread of mycological infection in the society and in order to determine the epidemiology and risk factor for such infections among primary school students in Tehran, a research project was proposed to Dean of Research Affairs of Shaheed Beheshti Medical University and 4 medical students undertook to work on the subject as their thesis project. The project was accepted in 1994, due to its merits and importance. Investigators reported only one case (0.02). This is surprising since previous reports indicated prevalence of 2 to 40. In light of acceptable research design, why the project was unable to find rational data? Therefore the present study is presented to introduce a research project and its critical review of its content in order to reduce difficulties in assessment of articles in journal club setting. It will also be as a guideline for fellow scientists in their critical review of scientific journals. Critical review of journals are one of the items of importance has been emphasized in university promotion protocols