5 research outputs found
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of fruit on Sechium edule
Vegetables and fruits contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity such as phenols and flavonoids, carotenoids, ascorbate, alimentary fiber, selenium and many substances with antiatherogenics and anticarcinogenics properties. The purpose of this work is to assess some bioactive constituents and the antioxidant activity of the Sechium edule (Jacq) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae) fruit. Total phenol content was higher (p <0,001) in pulp (Sep):124.83mg/100g than seed (Ses): 86.36mg/100g. The antioxidant activity were estimated by: nitric oxide scavenging activity (NO), DPPH radicalscavenging activity (DPPH) and β-carotene bleaching method (β-carotene). The values expressed as percentage (%) corresponds to Ses and Sep respectively: NO 47.51 ± 1.9 and 55.62 ± 1.3; DPPH: 88.87 ± 1.1 and 89.13 ± 1.5 and β-carotene, 63.32 ± 1.5 and 53.15 ± 1.4. The studied samples have important radical scavenging activity and inhibited lipid peroxidation in vitro. We concluded that the present study provides infor- mation that Sechium edule can be a source of natural antioxidants.Fil: Albarracin, Graciela. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Lucero, Romina V. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia; Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Marchevsky, Eduardo Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de QuĂmica de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Escudero, NORA. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia; Argentina; Argentina; Argentin
Soybean Flour Improves Fatty Acid Profile and Decreases Hepatic Triglyceride Deposition in Rats Fed with Normocaloric and Hypercaloric Diet
This study investigated the effects of replacing casein with soy flour on the fatty acids profile and triglycerides metabolism in the liver of rats that were previously fed with normocaloric and hypercaloric diets based on casein. Wistar male rats were used; one group was fed with control diet (AIN-93) and another with hypercaloric diet (AIN-93 with 34.15% sucrose, 42% fat calories) for 9 weeks. Each group was then divided into two subgroups and casein was replaced with soybean in one of them, obtaining CC (control casein), CS (control soy), HC (hypercaloric casein) and HS (hypercaloric soy), which were fed for 6 weeks. We measured triglycerides in serum, and triglycerides, total lipids, fatty acids profile, the expression of apolipoprotein B (Apo B), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (mGPAT), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT-2), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha (PPARα) in liver. Histological studies were also performed. When comparing HS vs. HC, a positive effect of soybean flour on hepatic triglycerides deposits was found, possibly through the reduction in DGAT-2 expression (P < 0.01) and the increase in Apo B (P < 0.001) expression. Soybean flour also decreased fat deposits in control diets when compared with casein, decreasing the DGAT-2 (P < 0.001) expression and increasing Apo B (P < 0.001), CPT-1 (P < 0.05) and PPARα (P < 0.01) expressions. Both soy diet subgroups increased unsaturated fatty acids respect to casein diets (P < 0.01). Hepatocytes showed few lipid droplets in HS, whereas a fat deposit in HC was observed. These results suggest that replacing casein with soybean flour in normocaloric and hypercaloric diets reduces triglycerides and improves fatty acids profile in rat liver.Fil: Razzeto, Gabriela Silvina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Lucero LĂłpez, Viviana Romina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias FĂsico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Marra, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias MĂ©dicas. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner"; ArgentinaFil: Scardapane, Luis Antonio. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Escudero, Nora Lilian. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Gimenez, Maria Sofia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias FĂsico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; Argentin
Antioxidant poperties of Amaranthus hypochondriacus seeds and their effect on the liver of alcohol-treated rats
Amaranth constitutes a valuable pseudocereal, due to its nutritional quality and its nutraceutical properties, which contribute to improve human health. This work evaluated the effect of a diet based on Amaranthus hypochondriacus (Ah) seed on oxidative stress and antioxidant status in the liver of rats sub-chronically exposed to ethanol. The seed extract was investigated for antioxidant capacity in vitro, showing an adequate content of total phenols and antioxidant activity elevated. For in vivo assays, four groups of six rats each were fed with an AIN-93 M diet for 28 days. In groups III and IV casein was replaced by Ah as the protein source; groups II and IV were received ethanol in the drinking water (20% v/v). When comparing groups IV and II, the following was observed: significant decrease in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and content of malondialdehyde (p < 0.001) in serum; decrease of malondialdehyde and increase in the activity and gene expression of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase, also, decrease in the NADPH oxidase transcript levels (p < 0.05) in liver. Our data suggest that Ah is a good source of total phenols and exerts a protective effect in serum and in liver of rats intoxicated with ethanol.Fil: Lucero LĂłpez, Viviana Romina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia. Departamento de BioquĂmica y Ciencias BiolĂłgicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Razzeto, Gabriela Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia. Departamento de BioquĂmica y Ciencias BiolĂłgicas; ArgentinaFil: Gimenez, Maria Sofia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia. Departamento de BioquĂmica y Ciencias BiolĂłgicas; ArgentinaFil: Escudero, Nora Lilian. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Quimica, Bioquimica y Farmacia. Departamento de BioquĂmica y Ciencias BiolĂłgicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones BiolĂłgicas de San Luis; Argentin
Evaluation of the nutritional quality of the grain protein of new amaranths varieties
The efforts for promoting the consumption of food of plant origin are increasingly growing. The amaranth grain is an important vegetable protein source, superior in content and quality to traditional cereals. In the central-west region of Argentina, new amaranth varieties have been obtained to optimize its agronomic traits and promote its use. In this work, the analysis of the wholemeal flour protein from seeds of two new varieties of Amaranthus cruentus var. Candil (CC) and Amaranthus hypochondriacus var. Dorado (HD), as well as from advanced lines of Amaranthus hypochondriacus x Amaranthus cruentus H17a (H17) and Amaranthus cruentus G6/17a (CG6), was carried out in order to elucidate their nutritional contribution to human diet. The amino acids profile and the chemical score (CS) were determined, and the protein quality was evaluated in-vivo through the following indexes: net protein utilization (NPU), true digestibility (tD), biological value (BV) and protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS). In general, the amino acids values of the different varieties exceeded the requirements established by the WHO/FAO/UNU; however, valine was the limiting amino acid in all cases. The values obtained (%) were within the following ranges: NPU, 33.56–46.04 %; tD, 68.80–75.40 %; BV, 44.53–64.28%; and PDCAAS, 23.69–36.19 %. These results suggest that the new amaranth flours varieties can be adequate for human consumption and as complementary protein source.Fil: Aguilar, Elba Graciela. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: AlbarracĂn, Graciela de JesĂşs. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Uñates, MarĂa Angelina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Piola, Hugo Daniel. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, JosĂ© Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Escudero, Nora Lilian. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de QuĂmica, BioquĂmica y Farmacia; Argentin