Studies on the burning of micro- and nanoaluminum particle clouds in air

An experimental study has been conducted to determine flame propagation velocities in micro- (6 µm) and nanosized (250 nm) aluminum particle clouds for various concentrations in air. The experimental results show faster flame propagation in nanoparticle cloud with respect to the microparticle flame. Maximum flame temperature has been measured using a high-resolution spectrometer operating in the visible range. Analysis of combustion residual shows that nanoparticle combustion is realized via the gaseous phase. A laminar flame model has been proposed based on this observation. Model parameters have been derived by fitting the experimental results

Second generation biofuels: Thermochemistry of glucose and fructose

International audienc

Supercritical water biomass gasification process as a successful solution to valorize wine distillery wastewaters

The biomass is the whole organic matter of vegetable or animal origin. This material can be valorized in various ways: it can be used by manufacturers (lumber, paper, and biochemistry); it can be used as energy (heat, electricity, and fuel); and it can be used as food or in cosmetics. Various processes are nowadays used to valorize biomass. This work deals with the potentialities of the biomass gasification in supercritical water. The objective is to demonstrate the potentiality of this process to treat some aqueous waste from distillery to obtain a syngas with a high hydrogen yield. The bioresources of this study come from some agricultural alcohol (beet, sugar cane, and cereal) and wine-producing distilleries. Experiments have been carried out at different conversion severities, using a 100 mL batch reactor, during 0-60 min, at a pressure of 25 MPa and at temperatures between 400 and 500 °C. Complete product analyses will be presented. Particularly detailed gas analyses have been performed. The sodium and potassium behaviors during the process have been accurately studied as a function of the substrate. Correlations between the experimental operating conditions and these analyses will be discussed in order to determine optimal experimental conditions to gasify this specific biomass