Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Listeria Species from Abattoir Effluent in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Untreated abattoir effluent constitutes a reservoir for the spread of important pathogens including Listeria monocytogenes, the etiologic agent of listeriosis. This study investigated the presence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Listeria species from abattoir effluent in some Port Harcourt communities using standard conventional and molecular methods. Listeria were detected in 26% of the samples examined. The resulting isolates were identified as L. grayi (53.85%), L. welshimeri (38.46%) and L. innocua (7.69%). The Listeria isolates showed varying resistance to cotrimoxazole (44.2%), chloramphenicol (34.6%), tetracycline (46.2%), streptomycin (75%), augmentin (94.2%), gentamycin (19.2%), erythromycin (34.6%) and cloxacillin (100%). All three disinfectants were not effective against Listeria species at concentrations of 12% and 25%. At 50% and 100% disinfectant concentration, dettol was the most effective followed by JIK and lastly, izal. The presence of Listeria species in abattoir effluent and levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotic and disinfectants portends danger to animals and human population hence the need for adequate treatment of effluent before discharged into the environment

Integrated 3D forward stratigraphic and petroleum system modeling of the Levant Basin, Eastern Mediterranean

International audienceThe Eastern Mediterranean Levant Basin is a proven hydrocarbon province with recent major gas discoveries. To date, no exploration wells targeted its northern part, in particular the Lebanese offshore. The present study assesses the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution and related petroleum systems of the northern Levant Basin via an integrated approach that combines stratigraphic forward modeling and petroleum systems/basin modeling based on the previous published work. Stratigraphic modeling results provide a best‐fit realisation of the basin‐scale sedimentary filling, from the post‐rift Upper Jurassic until the Pliocene. Simulation results suggest dominant eastern marginal and Arabian Plate sources for Cenozoic siliciclastic sediments and a significant contribution from the southern Nilotic source mostly from Lower Oligocene to Lower Miocene. Basin modeling results suggest the presence of a working thermogenic petroleum system with mature source rocks localised in the deeper offshore. The generated hydrocarbons migrated through the deep basin within Jurassic and Cretaceous permeable layers towards the Latakia Ridge in the north and the Levant margin and offshore topographic highs. Furthermore, the basin model indicates a possibly significant influence of salt deposition during Messinian salinity crisis on formation fluids. Ultimately, the proposed integrated workflow provides a powerful tool for the assessment of petroleum systems in underexplored areas