The moderating role of higher education on entrepreneurship

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Purpose: Entrepreneurial activities have a great impact on the economy and entrepreneurs are even more important for developing countries. Accordingly, the need for entrepreneurial graduates is increasing. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of higher education with regard to the entrepreneurial intentions and traits of university students in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was administered to freshmen and senior university students studying business and engineering at five established universities in Turkey, yielding a total sample of 767. Findings: This logistic regression analysis indicates that some personality traits play an important role in influencing the students' intention to become entrepreneurs. The study findings also suggest that students with higher education have a higher intention of becoming entrepreneurs. Research limitations/implications: The cross-sectional method of data collection was used. However, longitudinal data from a bigger sample would have provided more valid support for the study. Practical implications: The findings of this study have important implications for those who formulate, deliver and evaluate educational policy in Turkey. Based on the findings, policy makers may wish to review the current higher educational system and make changes to foster students' entrepreneurial mindset. Originality/value: The study fills the gap in the literature by particularly testing the moderating effect of education between entrepreneurial traits and intentions. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited

The effect of curricular and extracurricular activities on university students? entrepreneurial intention and competences

This study examines how the alliance-building process affects the intention to enter into international alliances in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). From a psychological perspective (Perceived Behavioural Control), the authors analyse the alliance-building process as an inhibitor of the international collaboration intention, considering to what extent the experience affects the intention of the partners involved. The study explores these hypotheses based on a sample of 220 Spanish SMEs. The results provide empirical evidence showing that the intention to develop international alliances is negatively affected by the search and the selection process as well as by the negotiation of the agreement, which reduces the intention to establish an international agreement. In addition, the intention is moderated by the experience of the SME manager. Moreover, there is a negative relationship between the extent of the SME manager's international experience and the intention to develop an international alliance

Effects of carvedilol on vascular reactivity in human left internal mammary artery

WOS: 000416079300033PubMed ID: 29164559OBJECTIVE: Surgical treatment choice for coronary artery disease is coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Left internal mammary artery (LIMA) is frequently used as an arterial graft in CABG operations. Perioperative spasm of LIMA can result in increased morbidity and mortality. Pharmacological interventions are routinely used for prevention and treatment of LIMA spasm. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of carvedilol, an alpha-and beta-adrenergic receptor blocker, on responses to endogenous vasoconstrictors which play a role in graft spasm and the possible interaction between carvedilol and diltiazem/papaverine which are vasodilators commonly used in CABG surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Isolated LIMA rings collected from patients undergoing CABG operation were suspended in an organ bath. Concentration-dependent responses to norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT) and diltiazem were examined before and after carvedilol incubation (10(-6) M, 1 hour). Maximum relaxation response to papaverine (10(-4) M) was compared in LIMA rings incubated with 0.05% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, placebo) or carvedilol (10(-6) M). RESULTS: Carvedilol did not affect the maximal contractile response to NE; however, it significantly reduced the sensitivity of LIMA to NE. Carvedilol increased contractile response and sensitivity to 5-HT. Promisingly, carvedilol increased the vasodilatory effects of diltiazem and papaverine. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that carvedilol may be administered perioperatively in combination with diltiazem or papaverine to prevent or resolve LIMA graft spasm