Video yardımcılı torakal cerrahi sonrası postoperatif analjezi yönetimi için ultrasonografi rehberliğinde yapılan erektor spina plan bloğu ve torakal paravertebral blok etkinliği: Prospektif, randomize, kontrollü çalışma

Objective: Evaluation of the effectiveness of ultrasound (US)-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) compared to no intervention control group for postoperative pain management in video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) patients. Method: Three groups - Group ESPB, Group TPVB and the control group (n=30 per group) were included in this prospective, randomized, controlled study. The US-guided blocks were performed preoperatively in the ESPB and TPVB groups. Intravenous patient-controlled postoperative analgesia via fentanyl was administered in all of the patients. The patients were evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, opioid consumption, and adverse events. Results: At all time intervals fentanyl consumption and VAS scores were significantly lower both in ESPB and TPVB groups compared to the control group (p<0.001). Block procedure time was significantly lower and success of one time puncture was higher in Group ESPB as compared with that in Group TPVB (p<0.001). Conclusion: ESPB and TPVB provide more effective analgesia compared to control group in patients who underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery. ESPB had a shorter procedural time and higher success of single-shot technique compared to TPVB.Amaç: Video yardımcılı torakal cerrahi yapılan hastalarda postoperatif analjezi yönetimi içinultrasonografi (US) eşliğinde yapılan erektor spina plan bloğu (ESPB) ve torakal paravertebralbloğun (TPVB) kontrol grubuna göre etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya her grup için 30 hasta olmak üzere toplam 90 hasta dahil edilmiştir.Çalışma 3 gruptan oluşmaktadır; Grup ESPB, Grup TPVB ve Kontrol Grubu. ESPB ve TPVB gruplarındaki hastalara preoperatif olarak US eşliğinde blok yapıldı. Tüm gruplardaki hastalara fentaniliçeren hasta kontrollü analjezi (HKA) uygulandı. Hastalar vizuel analog skala (VAS), opioid tüketimi ve yan etkiler kaydedilerek değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Tüm zaman aralıklarında fentanil tüketimi ve VAS Grup ESPB ve Grup TPVB de kontrolgrubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p<0.001). Blok işlem süresi ESPB grubunda anlamlıolarak daha kısaydı ve iğne ile tek giriş başarısı ESPB grubunda TPVB grubuna göre anlamlı olarakdaha yüksekti (p<0.001).Sonuç: ESPB ve TPVB, video yardımcılı torakal cerrahi yapılan hastalarda kontrol grubuna göreetkili analjezi oluşturmaktadır. ESPB, TPVB’ye göre daha kısa işlem süresi ve tek iğne girişi ile dahayüksek başarı oranına sahiptir

A comparison of adductor canal block before and after thigh tourniquet during knee arthroscopy: A randomized, blinded study

Background: Adductor canal block (ACB) provides effective analgesia management after arthroscopic knee surgery. However, there is insufficient data about performing ACB before or after inflation of a thigh tourniquet. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of ACB when it is performed before and after thigh tourniquet and evaluate motor weakness. Methods: ACB was performed before the tourniquet inflation in the PreT group, it was performed after the inflation of the tourniquet in the PostT group. In the PO group, ACB was performed at the end of surgery after disinflation of the tourniquet. Results: There were no statistical differences between the groups in terms of demographic data. Opioid consumption showed no statistically significant differences (for total consumption; p = 0.5). The amount of rescue analgesia administered and patient satisfaction were also not significantly different between groups. There was no significant difference in terms of static and dynamic VAS scores between groups (for 24 hours; p = 0.3, p = 0.2 respectively). The incidence of motor block was higher in the PreT group (eight patients) than in the PostT group (no patients) and in the PO group (only one patient) (p = 0.005). Conclusions: Using a tourniquet before or after ACB may not result in any differences in terms of analgesia; however, applying a tourniquet immediately after ACB may lead to muscle weakness

Sequential Application of Oxygen Therapy via High-flow Nasal Cannula and Non-invasive Ventilation in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure in the Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective, Observational Study

Objective:Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) and high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNO) are the most frequently used methods for treating hypoxemia in those diagnosed with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in the intensive care unit (ICU). In this prospective study, we compared the effects of these two treatment modalities applied alternately in the same patient.Materials and Methods:Standard oxygen therapy (SOT) was administered for 1 hour to patients hospitalized in the ICU with a diagnosis of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19. HFNO and NIV were applied alternately to patients who met the inclusion criteria, and we evaluated the effects of HFNO and NIV applied to the same patient.Results:Thirty of forty-five patients admitted to the ICU for COVID-19 ARDS met the inclusion criteria for the study. According to the first and second arterial blood gas (ABG) values, the PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio was significantly higher during NIV compared to both baseline and HFNO. In addition, the ROX index was significantly higher during NIV than HFNO, and SpO2 in NIV increased significantly compared with the baseline value. In both methods, patient satisfaction according to the visual analog scale was better than that of SOT. Eighty percent (24/30) of the patients were orotracheally intubated; 13 patients were transferred to the ward (43.3%), 2 patients were discharged home (6.7%), and 15 patients died (50%).Conclusion:Starting respiratory support with HFNO and/or NIV rather than SOT is more effective in improving oxygenation in patients with AHRF and ARDS due to COVID-19 and other causes. NIV is more effective than HFNO in increasing the SpO2 and P/F ratio

Cerebral oximetry and applications under anesthesia

WOS: 000430083300005Serebral oksimetre frontal korteks üzerinde transkütanöz membrandan ortalama bölgesel doku oksijenizasyonunu değerlendirir. Verici dioddan çıkan ışınların alıcı diodlarca algılanması temelinde çalışır. Serebral oksimetre 30 yılı aşkın süre önce tanımlanmıştır. Rutin olarak tüm operasyonlarda uygulanmamakla birlikte ve son iki dekad süresince özellikli klinik uygulamalarda kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Noninvazif near infrared spektroskopi (NIRS) tekniğiyle çalışan bir monitörizasyondur. Kardiyak cerrahiler, hipotansif cerrahiler ve traendelenburg pozisyonda uzun süre takip edilen hastalarda serebral doku oksijen düzeyini değerlendirmede fayda sağladığı farklı çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir.Cerebral oximetry assesses the average regional tissue oxygenation of the transcutaneous membrane over the frontal cortex. The transmitter operates on the basis of detection of the diodes from the diodes. Cerebral oxymetry has been described more than 30 years ago. It has not been routinely used in clinical operations but applied in special clinical conditions during the last two decades. It is a monitarisation technique which uses noninvasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Different studies have shown benefical results with cerebral oxymetry in cardiac surgery, hypotensive surgery and patients with long-term follow-up at trendelenburg position for assessing cerebral tissue oxygen levels

The efficacy of different volumes on ultrasound-guided type-I pectoral nerve block for postoperative analgesia after subpectoral breast augmentation: a prospective, randomized, controlled study

WOS: 000461390200002PubMed ID: 30756142BackgroundPECS type-1 block, a US-guided superficial interfacial block, provides effective analgesia after breast surgery. Aesthetic breast augmentation is one of the most common surgical procedures in plastic surgery. Subpectoral prostheses cause severe pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different volumes of the solution on the efficacy of PECS type-I block for postoperative analgesia after breast augmentation surgery. MethodsNinety ASA status I-II female patients aged between 18 and 65years who scheduled breast augmentation surgery under general anesthesia were included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into three groups of 30 patients each (Group 20=20ml of anaesthetic solution, Group 30=30ml anaesthetic solution, and Group K=Control group). Postoperative assessment was performed using the VAS score. The VAS scores were recorded postoperatively at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24h.ResultsFentanyl consumption was statistically significantly lower in Group 20 and Group 30 compared to the Control group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in fentanyl consumption between Group 20 and Group 30. The right and left VAS scores were statistically significantly lower in Groups 20 and 30 than in the Control group (p<0.05). There was no statistical difference in terms of VAS scores between Group 20 and Group 30. The use of rescue analgesia was statistically lower in Groups 20 and 30.ConclusionsPECS type-1 block using 20ml of 0.25% bupivacaine can provide effective analgesia after breast augmentation surgery.Level of Evidence IVThis journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266

Ultrasound-guided pectoral nerve block for pain control after breast augmentation: A randomized clinical study

Background and objective: Pectoral nNerve (PECS) block type-1 is an Ultrasound (US)-guided interfacial block that can be performed for postoperative analgesia management after breast surgery. In the procedure, a local anesthetic solution is injected into the interfacial area between the Pectoralis Major muscles (PMm) and Pectoralis minor muscles (Pmm). The present study compared PECS block type-1 administered preoperatively or postoperatively for postoperative analgesia after breast augmentation surgery. Methods: The patients were randomly divided into three groups (n = 30 in each): a preoperative PECS block group (Pregroup), postoperative PECS block group (Postgroup), and control group (Group C). Opioid consumption and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores were evaluated at postoperative period. Results: The pains scores in the Pregroup were significantly lower than those in the control group. Although there was no significantly difference in the VAS scores of the Postgroup and control group at postoperative 1 hour, the scores in the Postgroup were significantly lower than those in the control group at all the other evaluated times (p < 0.05). The VAS scores in the Pregroup were significantly lower than those in the Postgroup 8 hours after the surgery. Opioid consumption was significantly lower in the Pregroup as compared with that in the other two groups (p < 0.05). The use of rescue analgesia in the Pregroup was significantly lower than that in the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Performing PECS block type-1 preoperatively reduced VAS scores and opioid consumption after breast augmentation

Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus modified-thoracolumbar interfascial plane block for lumbar discectomy surgery: A randomized, controlled study

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the ultrasound (US)-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and modified-thoracolumbar interfascial plane (mTLIP) block for postoperative pain management in lumbar discectomy surgery patients.METHODS: A total of 90 patients scheduled for lumbar discectomy were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 30 per group): an ESPB group, an mTLIP group, and a control group. In the ESPB and mTLIP groups, a single-shot US-guided block was administered with 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine bilaterally. All patients received intravenous patient-controlled postoperative analgesia with fentanyl, and 1 g intravenous paracetamol every 6 hours. Fentanyl consumption, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, rescue analgesia, block procedure time, and side-effects were evaluated.RESULTS: Postoperative opioid consumption at all time intervals were significantly lower both in ESPB and mTLIP groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed concerning intra- and postoperative opioid consumption between the ESPB and the mTLIP group (P < 0.001). Passive VAS score at the postanesthesia care unit, second, fourth, and eighth hours, and active VAS score at the postanesthesia care unit, second, fourth, eighth, and 16th hours were significantly lower in the ESPB and mTLIP groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The use of rescue analgesia was significantly lower in the ESPB and mTLIP groups than in the control group (9/30, 7/30, and 21/30, respectively, P < 0.001). The block procedure time was similar between groups (P = 0.198).CONCLUSIONS: US-guided ESPB and mTLIP block may provide adequate pain control after discectomy surgery. However, there is a nonsuperiority between ESPB and the mTLIP groups

Lomber spinal cerrahi yapılan hastalarda postoperatif analjezi yönetimi içinultrason eşliğinde yapılan modifiye-torakolomber interfasiyal plan bloğu ve yara yeriinfiltrasyonunun karşılaştırılması: Prospektif, randomize çalışma

Objectives: Pain management is an important issue following lumbar spinal surgery. Wound infiltration is a technique that a local anesthetic solution is infiltrated into the tissues around the surgical area. Previous studies reported that US-guided modified thoracolumbar interfacial plane (mTLIP) block after lumbar spinal surgery provided effective analgesia. In this study, we aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of the US-guided mTLIP block and wound infiltration following lumbar disc surgery.Methods: 60 patients aged 18-65 years, ASA classification I-II, and scheduled for lumbar disc surgery under general anesthesia were included in the study. US-guided mTLIP block was performed via the lateral approach in group T (n=30), and wound infiltration was performed in group W (n=30). Opioid consumption, postoperative pain scores and adverse effects of opioids, such as allergic reactions, nausea, and vomiting, were recorded.Results: Opioid consumption and the use of rescue analgesia were significantly lower in group T in all the postoperative periods (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h) (p<0.05). The VAS scores for pain during mobility and while at rest were significantly lower in group T than those in group W 8 h after the surgery (p<0.05). The incidences of nausea, vomiting, and itching in group W were higher than the incidences in group T.Conclusion: The mTLIP block provides effective analgesia for the first 24 h following lumbar disc surgery, and it may be an alternative to wound infiltration for pain management.Amaç: Lomber spinal cerrahi sonrası analjezi yönetimi önemli bir konudur. Yara yeri infiltrasyonu, lokal anesteziğin cerrahi alanetrafındaki dokulara infiltre edildiği bir tekniktir. Daha önceki klinik çalışmalar, lomber spinal cerrahi sonrası ultrason (US) eşliğinde yapılan modifiye torakolomber interfasiyal plan (mTLIP) bloğunun etkili analjezi sağladığını göstermektedir. Çalışmamızdalomber disk cerrahisi sonrası US eşliğinde mTLIP bloğun ve yara infiltrasyonunun analjezik etkinliğini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, 18-65 yaş arası, ASA I -II sınıfında olan ve genel anestezi altında lomber disk cerrahisi planlanan60 hasta dahil edildi. Anestezi indüksiyonu yapılıp pron pozisyona alındıktan sonra T grubuna (n=30) lateral yaklaşımla USeşliğinde mTLIP blok, W grubunda ise (n=30) yara yeri infiltrasyonu yapıldı. Opioid tüketimi, postoperatif ağrı skorları ve yanetkiler (allerjik reaksiyon, bulantı, kusma) kaydedildi.Bulgular: Postoperatif tüm zaman aralıklarında (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ve 24 saat) opioid tüketimi ve kurtarıcı analjezi kullanımı grup T’deanlamlı olarak düşüktü (p<0.05). İstirahat ve aktivite sırasındaki VAS skorları postoperatif ilk 8 saatte Grup T’de grup W ya göreanlamlı derecede düşüktü (p<0.05). Grup W da bulantı, kusma ve kaşıntı insidansı grup T’den daha yüksekti.Sonuç: mTLIP blok, lomber disk ameliyatı yapılan hastalarda postoperatif ilk 24 saat boyunca etkili bir analjezi sağlamaktadırve analjezi yönetimi için yara yeri infiltrasyonuna alternatif olarak uygulanabilir

A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study that evaluates efficacy of intravenous ibuprofen and acetaminophen for postoperative pain treatment following laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery

Background: Ibuprofen is a NSAID that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects. The oral form of the drug has been used safely for a long time and is one of the most preferred NSAIDs. It has been shown that ibuprofen is effective in the treatment of postoperative pain; however, there have not been sufficient studies on ibuprofen. We evaluated and compared the influence of IV forms of ibuprofen and acetaminophen on pain management and opioid consumption on patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Methods: Patients were stratified into three groups. Group I (group ibuprofen, n = 30) was administered 800 mg of IV ibuprofen; group A (group acetaminophen, n = 30) was administered 1000 mg of IV acetaminophen; and group C (control group, n = 30) was given 100 ml of saline solution. We evaluated opioid consumption and VAS scores postoperatively. Results: Pain scores in group I and group A at all time periods were lower than those in group C (p < 0.05). Group I had significantly lower VAS scores than those in group A at all time periods postoperatively (p < 0.05). Those in group C had significantly higher opioid consumption than the other groups (p < 0.05). Opioid consumption in group I at all time periods postoperatively was significantly lower than those in group A (p < 0.05). Group I had statistically lower rescue medication than the other groups at all time periods. Conclusion: Our study suggested that IV ibuprofen resulted in lower pain scores and reduced opioid use compared with acetaminophen postoperatively in the first 24 h in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery