Frecuencia de factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de anorexia y bulimia en un colegio de Lima, 2017

The objective of this research work is to determine the frequency of risk factors for developing anorexia and bulimia in students in the 3rd and 4th years of secondary school in an educational institution in San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was carried out. Then, a validated instrument called “risk factors for Anorexia and Bulimia (FRAB)” was applied to the students, during the month of October 2017. A total of 100 students were included in the study, of which 67% were women. 21% of the students had a higher risk of presenting anorexia and bulimia compared to the other students on campus. The main risk factors were behaviors influenced by family and peers (25%), irrational attitudes (22%) and self-esteem (22%). In conclusion, the risk frequency for presenting anorexia and bulimia in general was 21%, the main risk factors identified were behaviors influenced by the family and peers, irrational attitudes and self-esteem.El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es determinar la frecuencia de factores de riesgo para desarrollar anorexia y bulimia en alumnos de 3° y 4° de secundaria de una institución educativa de San Juan de Lurigancho, Lima. Para este propósito, se realizó un estudio transversal. Luego, se aplicó un instrumento validado denominado “factores de riesgo de Anorexia y Bulimia (FRAB)” a los alumnos, durante el mes de octubre del 2017. En el estudio se incluyeron un total de 100 alumnos, del cual el 67% fueron mujeres. El 21% de los alumnos, presentaron un mayor riesgo de presentar anorexia y bulimia en comparación con los demás alumnos del plantel. Los principales factores de riesgo fueron conductas influidas por la familia y los pares (25%), actitudes irracionales (22%) y autoestima (22%). En conclusión, la frecuencia de riesgo para presentar anorexia y bulimia en general fue del 21%, los principales factores de riesgo identificados fueron conductas influidas por la familia y los pares, actitudes irracionales y autoestima

Prevalence of Burnout syndrome among Medical Residency applicants

Introduction: Doctors who are preparing to take the medical residency exam are exposed to work stress, because they have to work to pay their studies. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Burnout syndrome in general practitioners preparing for the residency exam. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was applied in general practitioners who worked and were preparing to take the medical residency exam were included, who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Univariate and bivariate statistics were performed, the calculations were performed with a confidence level of 95%. Results: A total of 306 general practitioners were included. 56,9 % were female and the average age was 28,5 ± 4,3 years. 2,3 % (7) of the doctors had Burnout syndrome, the subscales of depersonalization (42,2 %) and emotional exhaustion (32 %) had higher percentages of high indexes. Conclusions: The prevalence of Burnout syndrome was low in general practitioners preparing for the medical residency examination. The subscales with the highest indices were depersonalization and emotional exhaustion

Asociación entre sarcopenia e índice de masa corporal en adultos mayores

Sr. Editor, El adulto mayor es susceptible a varios cambios de composición corporal, como la pérdida de peso magro, la disminución de la altura y la redistribución del tejido graso. La obesidad es una morbilidad que aumenta el riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, metabólicas y trastornos del aparato locomotor (1). En el Perú no hay suficientes estudios que analicen la asociación entre la sarcopenia y la obesidad, por lo que se plantea el siguiente estudio que tiene como objetivo determinar la asociación entre sarcopenia según el cuestionario SARC-F (del inglés Strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) en adultos mayores

Factores asociados al cumplimiento de vacunación antitetánica en gestantes peruanas: ENDES 2021.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with compliance with tetanus vaccination in Peruvian pregnant women according to ENDES 2021. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study. The demographic and family health survey (ENDES) 2021 was analyzed. Women aged of 12 and 49 who were pregnant or had been pregnant in the last year were included. Results: A higher prevalence of the complete tetanus vaccination was found in the age group of 35-49 years (PRa = 1,348 [ 95% I.C.; 1,144 - 1,588]), 20 to 34 years (PRa = 1,337 [ 95% I.C. 1,146 - 1,560] ), originating from Metropolitan Lima (PRa = 1,209 [ 95% CI; 1,078 – 1,356]), the coastal region (PRa = 1,318 [ 95% CI; 1,190 – 1,460]), jungle (PRa = 1,440 [ 95% CI; 1,271 – 1,631]) the wealthiest income quintile (PRa = 1,110 [ 95% CI; 1,014 - 1,216]), having health insurance (RPa = 1,108 [ 95% CI; 1,029 - 1,194]), receiving care from a nurse ( PRa = 1,172 [ 95% CI; 1,065 - 1,289), receiving care from an obstetrician (PRa = 1,172 [ 95% CI; 1,065 - 1,289) and having 6 or more prenatal check-ups (PRa = 1,724 [ 95% CI; 1,567 - 1,897 ). Conclusions: The factors independently associated with compliance with tetanus vaccination in in pregnant women in Peru were age, originating from Metropolitan Lima, the coast region, the jungle, the wealthiest income quintile, having health insurance, receiving care from a nurse, receiving care from an obstetrician, and having more than six prenatal check-ups.Objetivo: determinar los factores asociados al cumplimiento de la vacunación antitetánica en gestantes peruanas según el ENDES 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal y analítico. Se analizó encuesta demográfica y de salud familiar (ENDES) 2021. Se incluyeron mujeres de entre 12 a 49 años gestantes o que hayan gestado en el último año. Resultados: Se encontró mayor prevalencia de esquema completo de vacunación antitetánica en la edad de entre 35-49 años (RPa = 1,348 [ I.C. 95%; 1,144 – 1,588]), 20 a 34 años (RPa= 1,337 [ I.C. 95% 1,146 – 1,560]), proceder de Lima Metropolitana (RPa = 1,209 [ I.C. 95%; 1,078 – 1,356]), región costa (RPa = 1,318 [ I.C. 95%; 1,190 – 1,460]),  selva (RPa = 1,440 [ I.C. 95%; 1,271 – 1,631]) el quintil de ingreso más rico (RPa = 1,110 [ I.C. 95%; 1,014 – 1,216]), contar con un seguro de salud (RPa = 1,108 [ I.C. 95%; 1,029 – 1,194]), la atención por enfermera (RPa = 1,172 [ I.C. 95%; 1,065 – 1,289), la atención por obstetra (RPa = 1,172 [ I.C. 95%; 1,065 – 1,289) y contar con 6 a más controles prenatales (RPa = 1,724 [ I.C. 95%; 1,567 – 1,897). Conclusiones: Los factores independientemente asociados al cumplimiento de vacunación antitetánica en gestantes en el Perú, fueron la edad, proceder de Lima Metropolitana, de la costa, la selva, el quintil de ingreso más rico, contar con un seguro de salud, la atención por enfermera, la atención por obstetra y tener más de 6 controles prenatales

Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias (ETS) en el Perú: estado actual y retos futuros

A health technology (drug, vaccine, medical device, procedure) is submitted to a systematic evaluation procedure, called Health Technology Assessment (HTA). The HTA process involves analyzing the properties, benefits, risks and costs of a technology applied to health care, and issuing evidence-based information, linking research and its findings with decision-making in the field of health. Based on the recommendations obtained as a result of the HTA, decision-makers in the health sector choose to admit or reject the incorporation of new health technologies. In Peru, as in the rest of the world, the health technology assessment process has been implemented for approximately ten years, and there are institutions with experience in preparing reports with the results of the HTA. This article provides a general overview of HTA in the world, with special emphasis on their evolution and development in Peru.Una tecnología sanitaria (medicamento, vacuna, dispositivo médico, procedimiento) es sometida a un procedimiento sistemático de valorización, denominado evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias (ETS). El proceso de ETS conlleva analizar una tecnología aplicada a la atención sanitaria, y emitir información basada en evidencias, vinculando la investigación y sus hallazgos con la toma de decisiones en el ámbito de la salud. En base a las recomendaciones obtenidas como resultado de la ETS, los encargados de decidir en el sector salud optan por admitir o rechazar la inclusión de nuevas tecnologías en el ámbito sanitario. En el Perú, al igual que en el resto del mundo, la ETS se ha implementado desde hace aproximadamente diez años, existiendo instituciones con experiencia en la elaboración de informes con los resultados de la ETS. El presente artículo brinda un panorama general de las ETS en el mundo, con especial énfasis en su evolución y desarrollo en el Perú

Attitudes towards research in medical residents of a public pediatric hospital

Introduction: Research is an intentional process of constructing new knowledge and ideas, promoting the transformation of society. Health professionals must develop positive attitudes towards research since this will improve their professional performance and therefore improve the quality of patient care. Objective: Identify the attitudes towards research in resident doctors of a public pediatric hospital. Methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional; 200 resident doctors were included. The "Research Attitudes Scale (EACIN)" of 39 items was applied. The T-Student test for independent samples was used to determine the difference in the scores of research attitudes, and the variables sex, type of specialty and work experience, while the Mann Whitney U test was used for the weekly work hours variable. Results: 58.5 % were female, 25 % (48) showed a positive affective attitude, 98 % (196) a positive cognitive attitude, 94 % (188) a positive behavioral attitude. In general, 96 % (192) had a positive attitude and 4 % (8) had a neutral attitude. The score obtained by resident physicians who performed surgical specialties was higher than that of those who performed clinical specialties (115.69 ± 6.02 versus 113.29 ± 5.93; p= 0.012). Conclusions: Most resident doctors have positive attitudes towards research, which could be beneficial to implement training programs and/or activities related to research in the hospital

Manual para la evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias, versión corta

The objective of this article is to present the methodological guidelines established in the manual of Short Health Technology Assessment, which were developed by the Peruvian National Network of Health Technology Assessments. The purpose of the manual is to standardize the methodologies of development of Short Health Technology Assessments between institutions of health technology assessment. This manual seeks to contribute to evidence-informed decision-making to improve the population's access to safe and effective health technologies in PeruEl objetivo de este artículo es presentar las pautas metodológicas establecidas en el manual de Evaluaciones Tecnológicas Sanitarias Cortas, que fueron desarrolladas por la Red Nacional de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias del Perú. El propósito del manual es estandarizar las metodologías de desarrollo de las Evaluaciones Tecnológicas Sanitarias Cortas entre las instituciones de evaluación de tecnologías de salud. Con la elaboración de este manual se busca contribuir a la toma de decisiones informada en evidencia para mejorar el acceso de la población a tecnologías sanitarias seguras y eficaces en el país