Additional file 2: of Multiple molecular detection of respiratory viruses and associated signs of airway inflammation in racehorses

Identification and quantification of major commensals (isolated in > 10% positive tracheal washes). CFU: colony-forming unit. (DOCX 15 kb

Synthesis of 5<i>H</i>‑Dithieno[3,2‑<i>b</i>:2′,3′‑<i>d</i>]pyran as an Electron-Rich Building Block for Donor–Acceptor Type Low-Bandgap Polymers

We describe the detailed synthesis and characterization of an electron-rich building block, dithienopyran (DTP), and its application as a donor unit in low-bandgap conjugated polymers. The electron-donating property of the DTP unit was found to be the strongest among the most frequently used donor units such as benzodithiophene (BDT) or cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) units. When the DTP unit was polymerized with the strongly electron-deficient difluorobenzothiadiazole (DFBT) unit, a regiorandom polymer (PDTP–DFBT, bandgap = 1.38 eV) was obtained. For comparison with the DTP unit, polymers containing alternating benzodithiophene (BDT) or cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) units and the DFBT unit were synthesized (PBDT–DFBT and PCPDT–DFBT). We found that the DTP based polymer PDTP–DFBT shows significantly improved solubility and processability compared to the BDT or CPDT based polymers. Consequently, very high molecular weight and soluble PDTP–DFBT can be obtained with less bulky side chains. Interestingly, PDTP–DFBT shows excellent performance in bulk-heterojunction solar cells with power conversion efficiencies reaching 8.0%, which is significantly higher than PBDT–DFBT and PCPDT–DFBT based devices. This study demonstrates that DTP is a promising building block for high-performance solar cell materials

Systematic Investigation of Benzodithiophene- and Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Low-Bandgap Polymers Designed for Single Junction and Tandem Polymer Solar Cells

The tandem solar cell architecture is an effective way to harvest a broader part of the solar spectrum and make better use of the photonic energy than the single junction cell. Here, we present the design, synthesis, and characterization of a series of new low bandgap polymers specifically for tandem polymer solar cells. These polymers have a backbone based on the benzodithiophene (BDT) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) units. Alkylthienyl and alkylphenyl moieties were incorporated onto the BDT unit to form BDTT and BDTP units, respectively; a furan moiety was incorporated onto the DPP unit in place of thiophene to form the FDPP unit. Low bandgap polymers (bandgap = 1.4–1.5 eV) were prepared using BDTT, BDTP, FDPP, and DPP units via Stille-coupling polymerization. These structural modifications lead to polymers with different optical, electrochemical, and electronic properties. Single junction solar cells were fabricated, and the polymer:PC₇₁BM active layer morphology was optimized by adding 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) as an additive. In the single-layer photovoltaic device, they showed power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 3–6%. When the polymers were applied in tandem solar cells, PCEs over 8% were reached, demonstrating their great potential for high efficiency tandem polymer solar cells

Frequency distribution of clinical signs in horses with atypical myopathy.

<p>Frequency distribution of clinical signs in horses with atypical myopathy.</p

ROC curves comparison (with their corresponding AUC) for age, Ca_Tot, C2-carnitine, C10:2-Carnitine, C18-Carnitine and the logistic algorithm in the estimation of survival prognosis.

<p>Abbreviation: AUC = area under the curve.</p

Results of the clinical examination of horses with atypical myopathy.

<p>Results of the clinical examination of horses with atypical myopathy.</p

Serum (mean ±SD) concentrations of free carnitine and acylcarnitines (μmol/L) in horses with atypical myopathy and control horses.

<p>Serum (mean ±SD) concentrations of free carnitine and acylcarnitines (μmol/L) in horses with atypical myopathy and control horses.</p

Biochemical and haematological findings in horses with atypical myopathy (Mean ±SD).

<p>Biochemical and haematological findings in horses with atypical myopathy (Mean ±SD).</p

Survival prognosis estimated on independent cohort of horses with atypical myopathy [17, 18].

<p>Prognosis varies from 0 to 1; the closer the value is to zero, the higher the risk of mortality. Conversely, the closer the value approaches 1, the greater the chance of survival. Low mortality risk is marked in bold.</p

Results of the clinical examination of horses with atypical myopathy.

<p>Results of the clinical examination of horses with atypical myopathy.</p