Personality of mothers of substance-dependent patients

Drug addicts often come from dysfunctional families. The prevailing view in the literature is that mothers of drug-dependent patients can be characterized by strong emotional bonds and overprotection. Studies suggest that maternal rejection could be a major risk factor of developing drug addiction. This work is a continuation of our previous study of childhood parenting experiences of substance-dependent patients. The aims were to compare the personality profile of mothers of substance-dependent patients and that of mothers of matched control subjects; and to examine the relation between the personality of mothers of addicts, and severity of their offspring’s addiction. The study group consisted of 20 mothers of substance-dependent patients and a control group of 35 mothers of non-dependent subjects; mothers of both groups were age matched. Patients were diagnosed according to DSM IV criteria. Personalities of mothers of both groups were assessed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Substance-dependent patients (sons) were administered the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). The mean scores of the MMPI Scales were higher for mothers of dependent patients compared to mothers of non-dependent subjects. Scores on the depression, hysteria and paranoia scales were significantly higher for mothers of patients (P = 0.03, 0.02, and 0.03, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between scores of hysteria, and psychopathic deviance and the ASI (P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively). There were significant negative correlations between scores of social introversion and the ASI drug/alcohol use status (P = 0.007), and family history dimensions (P = 0.003). Mothers of substance-dependent patients showed disturbances in aspects of personalities that might be related to initiation of perpetuation of substance dependence

The improvement of standard operating procedures (SOP) and the process of grading the fresh palm fruit (BTS) at Kilang Kelapa Sawit Risda Ulu Keratong

Industrial Engineering and Quality Management is a branch of engineering subject that giving people knowledge about management in the industry. An industrial visit had been done due to this subject needed. The purpose of the visit is to identify an improvement that needed for the industry to make it more efficient and produce a good quality product and also managing the employee behaviour while at work. Industrial Engineering works to eliminate waste of time, money, materials, person-hours, machine time, energy, and other resources that do not generate value[1]. Industrial engineering is concerned with the development, improvement, and implementation of an integrated system of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials, analysis and synthesis. From all of the topic concern in industrial engineering then should be applied to the industry. In the factory sometimes have a bit of issue that they not notice out so there the function of Industrial Engineering will work. So from the industrial visit, there are some improvements that can be made such as grading system and standard of procedure. The old grading system of oil palm was not accurate enough, thus causing an error and producing poor oil quality. As the oil has less their grade so it will reduce the income of the factory because the buyer of the oil doesn’t take the responsibility due to the less of oil quality