Financial and Legal Background of State and Banking Incentives for Digital Transformation of the Cultural Sphere During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The article is devoted to measures of state and banking stimulation of the digital transformation of cultural organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the need for legal understanding of such concepts of Russian legislation as financial support, methods of financial support. The authors of the study propose regulatory changes to improve the financial and legal mechanism of interaction between participants in tax and public banking legal relations, including government bodies, as well as representatives of the banking sector to provide financial support to cultural organizations. It has been concluded that the state is the main subject of financial support for cultural organizations in Russia during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, at the institutional level, the financial and legal regulation of the provision of such financial assistance has yet to be built

Dependence of the adsorption and catalytic properties of a copper-platinum catalyst on the structure of metal particles and the composition of the catalyst surface

The kinetics of H2 desorption from the surface of a copper-platinum catalyst deposited on silica gel ([1 wt % Pt + 0.15 wt % Cu]/SiO2) and the kinetics of C6H12 dehydrogenation were studied. The effects of copper introduction in a platinum catalyst on the structural characteristics of platinum particles, the com- position of their surface, and the effects of plasmochemical treatments on these parameters were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The metal-H atom bond energies (EPt-H) and the catalytic activity were found to increase in the presence of Cu. This was explained by the for- mation of new hydrogen adsorption centers (due to the Cu+δ adatoms) and catalytic centers composed of Cu +δ adatoms and carbon atoms. The mean diameter of Pt particles (D) increased twofold. The microstresses (ε) in the particles increased after the catalyst was treated with glow discharge plasma in Ar and O 2 and with high-frequency plasma in H2 (HF-H2). The observed changes in the bond energy EPt-H and kinetic param- eters were explained by the increase in microstresses in Pt particles. © 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Dependence of the adsorption and catalytic properties of a copper-platinum catalyst on the structure of metal particles and the composition of the catalyst surface

The kinetics of H2 desorption from the surface of a copper-platinum catalyst deposited on silica gel ([1 wt % Pt + 0.15 wt % Cu]/SiO2) and the kinetics of C6H12 dehydrogenation were studied. The effects of copper introduction in a platinum catalyst on the structural characteristics of platinum particles, the com- position of their surface, and the effects of plasmochemical treatments on these parameters were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The metal-H atom bond energies (EPt-H) and the catalytic activity were found to increase in the presence of Cu. This was explained by the for- mation of new hydrogen adsorption centers (due to the Cu+δ adatoms) and catalytic centers composed of Cu +δ adatoms and carbon atoms. The mean diameter of Pt particles (D) increased twofold. The microstresses (ε) in the particles increased after the catalyst was treated with glow discharge plasma in Ar and O 2 and with high-frequency plasma in H2 (HF-H2). The observed changes in the bond energy EPt-H and kinetic param- eters were explained by the increase in microstresses in Pt particles. © 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Understanding the mechanisms of friction stir welding based on computer simulation using particles

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a novel technique for joining different materials without melting. In FSW the welded components are joined by stirring the plasticized material of the welded edges with a special rotating pin plunged into the material and moving along the joint line. From the scientific point of view, the key role of the FSW processes belongs to formation of the special plasticized conditions and activation of physical mechanisms of mixing the materials in such conditions to produce the strong homogeneous weld. But it is still a lack of complete understanding of what are these conditions and mechanisms.This paper is devoted to understanding the mechanisms of material mixing in conditions of FSW based on a computer simulation using particles. The movable cellular automaton method (MCA), which is a representative of the particle methods in mechanics of materials, was used to perform all computations. Usually, material flow including material stirring in FSW is simulated using computational fluid mechanics or smoothed particle hydrodynamics, which assume that the material is a continuum and does not take into account the material structure. MCA considers a material as an ensemble of bonded particles. Breaking of inter-particle bonds and formation of new bonds enables simulation of crack nucleation and healing, as well as mass mixing and micro-welding.The paper consists of two main parts. In the first part, the simulations in 2D statements are performed to study the dynamics of friction stir welding of duralumin plates and influence of different welding regimes on the features of the material stirring and temperature distribution in the forming welded joints. It is shown that the ratio of the rotational speed to the advancing velocity of the tool has a dramatic effect on the joint quality. A suitable choice of these parameters combined with additional ultrasonic impact could considerably reduce the number of pores and microcracks in the weld without significant overheating of the welded materials.The second part of the paper considers simulation in the 3D statement. These simulations showed that using tool pins of different shape like a cylinder, cone, or pyramid without a shoulder results in negligible motion of the plasticized material in the direction of workpiece thickness. However, the optimal ratio of the advancing velocity to the rotational speed allows transporting of the stirred material around the tool pin several times and hence producing the joint of good quality. Keywords: Friction stir welding, Plastic flow, Deformation mechanisms, Simulation, Particle metho

Dependence of the adsorption and catalytic properties of a copper-platinum catalyst on the structure of metal particles and the composition of the catalyst surface

The kinetics of H2 desorption from the surface of a copper-platinum catalyst deposited on silica gel ([1 wt % Pt + 0.15 wt % Cu]/SiO2) and the kinetics of C6H12 dehydrogenation were studied. The effects of copper introduction in a platinum catalyst on the structural characteristics of platinum particles, the com- position of their surface, and the effects of plasmochemical treatments on these parameters were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The metal-H atom bond energies (EPt-H) and the catalytic activity were found to increase in the presence of Cu. This was explained by the for- mation of new hydrogen adsorption centers (due to the Cu+δ adatoms) and catalytic centers composed of Cu +δ adatoms and carbon atoms. The mean diameter of Pt particles (D) increased twofold. The microstresses (ε) in the particles increased after the catalyst was treated with glow discharge plasma in Ar and O 2 and with high-frequency plasma in H2 (HF-H2). The observed changes in the bond energy EPt-H and kinetic param- eters were explained by the increase in microstresses in Pt particles. © 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Influence of geomagnetic activity and earth weather changes on heart rate and blood pressure in young and healthy population

There are many references in the literature related to connection between the space weather and the state of human organism. The search of external factors influence on humans is a multi-factor problem and it is well known that humans have a meteo-sensitivity. A direct problem of finding the earth weather conditions, under which the space weather manifests itself most strongly, is discussed in the present work for the first time in the helio-biology. From a formal point of view, this problem requires identification of subset (magnetobiotropic region) in three-dimensional earth’s weather parameters such as pressure, temperature, and humidity, corresponding to the days when the human body is the most sensitive to changes in the geomagnetic field variations and when it reacts by statistically significant increase (or decrease) of a particular physiological parameter. This formulation defines the optimization of the problem, and the solution of the latter is not possible without the involvement of powerful metaheuristic methods of searching. Using the algorithm of differential evolution, we prove the existence of magnetobiotropic regions in the earth’s weather parameters, which exhibit magneto-sensitivity of systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate of healthy young subjects for three weather areas (combinations of atmospheric temperature, pressure, and humidity). The maximum value of the correlation confidence for the measurements attributable to the days of the weather conditions that fall into each of three magnetobiotropic areas is an order of 0.006, that is almost 10 times less than the confidence, equal to 0.05, accepted in many helio-biological researches. © 2016, ISB

Влияние геомагнитной активности и изменений земной погоды на частоту сердечных сокращений и артериальное давление у молодого и здорового населения

There are many references in the literature related to connection between the space weather and the state of human organism. The search of external factors influence on humans is a multi-factor problem and it is well known that humans have a meteo-sensitivity. A direct problem of finding the earth weather conditions, under which the space weather manifests itself most strongly, is discussed in the present work for the first time in the helio-biology. From a formal point of view, this problem requires identification of subset (magnetobiotropic region) in three-dimensional earth’s weather parameters such as pressure, temperature, and humidity, corresponding to the days when the human body is the most sensitive to changes in the geomagnetic field variations and when it reacts by statistically significant increase (or decrease) of a particular physiological parameter. This formulation defines the optimization of the problem, and the solution of the latter is not possible without the involvement of powerful metaheuristic methods of searching. Using the algorithm of differential evolution, we prove the existence of magnetobiotropic regions in the earth’s weather parameters, which exhibit magneto-sensitivity of systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate of healthy young subjects for three weather areas (combinations of atmospheric temperature, pressure, and humidity). The maximum value of the correlation confidence for the measurements attributable to the days of the weather conditions that fall into each of three magnetobiotropic areas is an order of 0.006, that is almost 10 times less than the confidence, equal to 0.05, accepted in many helio-biological researches. © 2016, ISB