1,970 research outputs found
Star-forming Galaxies in the 'Redshift Desert'
We describe results of optical and near-IR observations of a large
spectroscopic sample of star-forming galaxies photometrically-selected to lie
in the redshift range 1.4 < z < 2.5, often called the ``redshift desert''
because of historical difficulty in obtaining spectroscopic redshifts in this
range. We show that the former ``redshift desert'' is now very much open to
observation.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the ESO/USM/MPE
Workshop on "Multiwavelength Mapping of Galaxy Formation and Evolution", eds.
R. Bender and A. Renzin
Nuclear alpha-clustering, superdeformation, and molecular resonances
Nuclear alpha-clustering has been the subject of intense study since the
advent of heavy-ion accelerators. Looking back for more than 40 years we are
able today to see the connection between quasimolecular resonances in heavy-ion
collisions and extremely deformed states in light nuclei. For example
superdeformed bands have been recently discovered in light N=Z nuclei such as
Ar, Ca, Cr, and Ni by -ray spectroscopy.
The search for strongly deformed shapes in N=Z nuclei is also the domain of
charged-particle spectroscopy, and our experimental group at IReS Strasbourg
has studied a number of these nuclei with the charged particle multidetector
array {\sc Icare} at the {\sc Vivitron} Tandem facility in a systematical
manner. Recently the search for -decays in Mg has been
undertaken in a range of excitation energies where previously nuclear molecular
resonances were found in C+C collisions. The breakup reaction
MgC has been investigated at E(Mg) = 130 MeV, an
energy which corresponds to the appropriate excitation energy in Mg for
which the C+C resonance could be related to the breakup
resonance. Very exclusive data were collected with the Binary Reaction
Spectrometer in coincidence with {\sc Euroball IV} installed at the {\sc
Vivitron}.Comment: 10 pages, 4 eps figures included. Invited Talk 10th Nuclear Physics
Workshop Marie and Pierre Curie, Kazimierz Dolny Poland, Sep. 24-28, 2003; To
be published in International Journal of Modern Physics
Constraint on the Assembly and Dynamics of Galaxies. II. Properties of Kiloparsec-Scale Clumps in Rest-Frame Optical Emission of z ~ 2 Star-Forming Galaxies
We study the properties of luminous stellar "clumps" identified in deep, high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope NIC2/F160W imaging at 1.6 μm of six z ~ 2 star-forming galaxies with existing near-infrared integral field spectroscopy from SINFONI at the Very Large Telescope. Individual clumps contribute ~0.5%-15% of the galaxy-integrated rest-frame ≈5000 Å emission, with median of ≈2%; the total contribution of clump light ranges from 10% to 25%. The median intrinsic clump size and stellar mass are ~1 kpc and ~10^9 M_☉, in the ranges for clumps identified in rest-UV or line emission in other studies. The clump sizes and masses in the subset of disks are broadly consistent with expectations for clump formation through gravitational instabilities in gas-rich, turbulent disks given the host galaxies' global properties. By combining the NIC2 data with Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)/F814W imaging available for one source, and adaptive-optics-assisted SINFONI Hα data for another, we infer modest color, M/L, and stellar age variations within each galaxy. In these two objects, sets of clumps identified at different wavelengths do not fully overlap; NIC2-identified clumps tend to be redder/older than ACS- or Hα-identified clumps without rest-frame optical counterparts. There is evidence for a systematic trend of older ages at smaller galactocentric radii among the clumps, consistent with scenarios where inward migration of clumps transports material toward the central regions. From constraints on a bulge-like component at radii ≾1-3 kpc, none of the five disks in our sample appears to contain a compact massive stellar core, and we do not discern a trend of bulge stellar mass fraction with stellar age of the galaxy. Further observations are necessary to probe the buildup of stellar bulges and the role of clumps in this process
Борьба с биообрастанием природных и сточных вод с использованием энергетических воздействий
Данная работа посвящена анализу методов очистки воды для борьбы с биологическим обрастанием технологического оборудования. Рассмотрены различные способы борьбы с биологическим обрастанием, в том числе: реагентные, безреагентные и электрические. Сформирована концепция применения способа борьбы с биологическим обрастанием технологического оборудования путем электрической обработки теплоносителя. Приведена схема установки, таблица результатов и диаграмма.This work is devoted to the analysis of methods of water purification for fight against biological fouling of processing equipment. Various ways of fight against biological fouling are considered, including: reagent, reagentless and electric. The concept of application of a way of fight against biological fouling of processing equipment by electric processing of the heat carrier is created. The scheme of installation, the table of results and the chart is provided
Direct Observation and Anisotropy of the Contribution of Gap nodes in the Low Temperature Specific Heat of YBa_2Cu_3O_7
The specific heat due to line nodes in the superconducting gap of YBa2Cu3O7
has been obscured up to now by magnetic terms of extrinsic origin, even for
high quality crystals. We report the specific heat of a new single crystal
grown in a non-corrosive BaZrO3 crucible, for which paramagnetic terms are
reduced to less than one spin-1/2 center for 20'000 Cu atoms. The contribution
of line nodes shows up directly in the difference C(B,T) - C(0,T) at fixed
temperatures (T < 5 K) as a function of the magnetic field parallel to the
c-axis (B<=14 T). These data illustrate the smooth crossover from C propotional
to T^2 at low fields to C propotional to TB^1/2 at high fields, and provide new
values for gap parameters which are quantitatively consistent with tunneling
spectroscopy and thermal conductivity in the framework of dx^2-y^2 pairing
symmetry. Data for B along the nodal and antinodal directions in the ab-plane
are also provided. The in-plane anisotropy predicted in the clean limit is not
observed.Comment: 29 pages(using Revtex style), 14 postscript figures, submitted to
Phys. Rev. B Content of the file changed after replacin
Spectroscopic Identification of a Proto-Cluster at z=2.300: Environmental Dependence of Galaxy Properties at High Redshift
We have discovered a highly significant over-density of galaxies at
z=2.300+/-0.015 in the course of a redshift survey designed to select
star-forming galaxies in the redshift range z=2.3+/-0.4 in the field of the
bright z=2.72 QSO HS1700+643. The structure has a redshift-space galaxy
over-density of delta_g,z ~= 7 and an estimated matter over-density in real
space of delta_m ~= 1.8, indicating that it will virialize by z~0 with a mass
scale of ~= 1.4x10^15 M_sun, that of a rich galaxy cluster. Detailed modeling
of the spectral energy distribution -- from the rest-far-UV to the rest-near-IR
-- of the 72 spectroscopically confirmed galaxies in this field for which we
have obtained K_s and Spitzer/IRAC photometry, allows for a first direct
comparison of galaxy properties as a function of large-scale environment at
high redshift. We find that galaxies in the proto-cluster environment have mean
stellar masses and inferred ages that are ~2 times larger (at z=2.30) than
identically UV-selected galaxies outside of the structure, and show that this
is consistent with simple theoretical expectations for the acceleration of
structure formation in a region that is over-dense on large scales by the
observed amount. The proto-cluster environment contains a significant number of
galaxies that already appear old, with large stellar masses (>10^11 M_sun), by
z=2.3.Comment: 7 pages including 3 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Typo
correcte
The Spatial Clustering of Star-forming Galaxies at Redshifts 1.4<z<3.5
We analyzed the spatial distribution of 28500 photometrically selected
galaxies with AB magnitude 23.5<R<25.5 and redshift 1.4<z<3.5 in 21 fields with
a total area of 0.81 square degrees. The galaxies were divided into three
subsamples, with mean redshifts z=1.7, 2.2, 2.9, according to the UGR selection
criteria of Adelberger et al. (2004) and Steidel et al. (2003). Combining the
galaxies' measured angular clustering with redshift distributions inferred from
1600 spectroscopic redshifts, we find comoving correlation lengths at the three
redshifts of r_0 = 4.5+-0.6, 4.2+-0.5, and 4.0+-0.6 h^-1 Mpc, respectively, and
infer a roughly constant correlation function slope of gamma=1.6+-0.1. We
derive similar numbers from the 1600 object spectroscopic sample itself with a
new statistic, K, that is insensitive to many possible systematics. Galaxies
that are bright in R (lambda_rest ~ 1500-2500A) cluster more strongly than
fainter galaxies at z=2.9 and z=2.2 but not, apparently, at z=1.7. Comparison
to a numerical simulation that is consistent with recent WMAP observations
suggests that galaxies in our samples are associated with dark matter halos of
mass ~ 10^12, and that a small fraction of the halos contain more than one
galaxy that satisfies our selection criteria. Adding recent observations of
galaxy clustering at z~0 and z~1 to the simulation results, we conclude that
the typical object in our samples will evolve into an elliptical galaxy by
redshift z=0 and will already have an early-type spectrum by redshift z=1. We
comment briefly on the implied relationship between galaxies in our survey and
those selected with other techniques. (slightly abridged)Comment: 17 pages, accepted for publication in the Ap
Hole depletion and localization due to disorder in insulating PrBa2Cu3O7-d: a Compton scattering study
The (mostly) insulating behaviour of PrBa2Cu3O7-d is still unexplained and
even more interesting since the occasional appearance of superconductivity in
this material. Since YBa2Cu3O7-d is nominally iso-structural and always
superconducting, we have measured the electron momentum density in these
materials. We find that they differ in a striking way, the wavefunction
coherence length in PrBa2Cu3O7-d being strongly suppressed. We conclude that Pr
on Ba-site substitution disorder is responsible for the metal-insulator
transition. Preliminary efforts at growth with a method to prevent disorder
yield 90K superconducting PrBa2Cu3O7-d crystallites.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, revised version submitted to PR
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