Fluid Mechanics Analysis of a Voice Coil Needle Free Jet Injector

This paper considers the analytic modelling of the voice coil actuated needle free jet injection. It first investigates the currently existing model for the injection and making some alterations based on the system behavior and basic definitions in physics. These alterations yielded a new set of equations which were solved using the Runge-Kutta-Felberg formular. Second order, forth order and fifth order curve fitting of the numerical model were performed in order to develop a polynomial that gives the direct non-differential pressure-time relationship for the needle free jet injection (developed, to the best knowledge of the authors, for the first time). This fifth order polynomial presented the least error, measured by the least of the norm of residuals. The model for the voice coil activator was developed by writing force balance equations based on Newton’s second law of motion. The transfer function of the motor was then used to investigate the behavior of the voice coil actuator. Finally, the two systems (voice coil motor and injection) were linked up by setting up an analogous electromechanical system to see the behavior of the voice coil motor in the injection. Where the mechanical parts represent the injection pressure profile. Keywords: Needle Free Jet Injection, Voice coil moto

STABILITY CONTROL MODELLING UNDER DYNAMIC MOTION SCENARIO OF A DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE ROBOT

Intelligence incorporated in many devices makes it easier to achieve self-balancing and autonomous driving in differential drive robot. Basically, differential drive robotic system describes an unstable, nonlinear system related to an inverted pendulum. The research attempts to harness the parameters obtained from a computer-aided design tool (Solid works) to model the system for complete stability control and dynamic motion of the system within a planned trajectory. A linearized dynamic equation is obtained for the overall system design of a mobile robot, and the linear quadratic regulator concept is adopted to obtain an optimum state feedback gain. The simulation results are obtained on MATLAB software interfaced with an Arduino board with deployable sensor technologies. Scenarios of disturbance would be simulated to ascertain the stability conditions of the system at static position or dynamic position. Signal analysis and computer vision techniques serve as leverage to make the design achievable. Localization and navigation referred to as tracking a planned trajectory or moving through paths filled with obstacles in a given space are also included

Investigation of hybrid adaptive control schemes for needle free jet injection system

Voice coils have been used as actuators for needle free jet injection. This voice coils actuators have slow response which could be compensated by PI control but PI control yields a compensated system with static gains, whereas the application in needle free jet injection requires compensation with dynamic gains. This is due to variation in skin properties. This paper implements adaptive control compensation techniques for the design of controllers for voice coil actuators in the needle free jet injection. The controllers are able to compensate for variation in skin property by adequate tracking of a standard model and the PID controller compensation gain. Modelling and simulations were carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK and results show a fast response and adequate tracking of the model response irrespective of variations in skin properties

Fluid mechanics analysis of a voice coil needle free jet injector

This paper considers the analytic modelling of the voice coil actuated needle free jet injection. It first investigates the currently existing model for the injection and making some alterations based on the system behavior and basic definitions in physics. These alterations yielded a new set of equations which were solved using the Runge-Kutta-Felberg formular. Second order, forth order and fifth order curve fitting of the numerical model were performed in order to develop a polynomial that gives the direct non-differential pressure-time relationship for the needle free jet injection (developed, to the best knowledge of the authors, for the first time). This fifth order polynomial presented the least error, measured by the least of the norm of residuals. The model for the voice coil activator was developed by writing force balance equations based on Newton’s second law of motion. The transfer function of the motor was then used to investigate the behavior of the voice coil actuator. Finally, the two systems (voice coil motor and injection) were linked up by setting up an analogous electromechanical system to see the behavior of the voice coil motor in the injection. Where the mechanical parts represent the injection pressure profile

Design and development of a semi-autonomous military fighting vehicle

Flexibility of unmanned vehicles can be enhanced by inclusion of adaptive control which enables devices maintain intelligent decisions in slightly changing environments without human aid. This project designs and implements a MRAC-adaptive control system for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). It also implements a cost effective communication system for the vehicles. This effective combination of control and communication yields smart unmanned vehicles for society, government and military. The developed vehicle is equipped with an object avoidance algorithm which is programmed on a microcontroller unit. The unit receives information via a sensor set strategically on the chassis of the vehicle, makes its decision by the programmed algorithm and effect this decision by the adaptive algorithm linked with the actuators on board. Results show intelligent navigation and rapid avoidance of collision. The developed model was tested and transition time of less than 15ms was achieved

A review of decision support system using mobile applications in the provision of day to day information about farm status for improved crop yield

Agricultural sector is a viable option in the diversification of Nigeria’s economy due to its large contribution of over 40% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and it employment of about 60% of the working population. The sector is current faced with a decline in youth participation in Agriculture as well as poor crop yield of 1.8 tons per hectare when compared to other country such as Egypt with 9.64 tons per hectare. The study identifies the use of information technology as a solution to these problems based on the large success rate in social media amongst youth population of the country. The study review various information technology farming tools which are capable of improving crop yield and increasing youth interest is agriculture. Finally, the study described the process of developing a rice farm decision support system to help rice farmers improve their yield

Temperature Variation Effect on a Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna

A novel hypothesis is proposed for the radiation pattern of a Rec-tangular Microstrip Patch Antenna sensitive to temperature variations from the ideal room temperature tolerance under which it was manufactured. In order to validate this hypothetical model, equations relating the resonating frequency, patch length and dielectric constant of the antenna to variations from the room temperature were improved. Simulations were carried out to validate the hypoth-esis in the drifts in ambient temperature effects on dimensions of the patch an-tenna and its field radiation patterns; including its directivity, power pattern, max-imum radiation in the electric-field plane