7 research outputs found
Automatic Annotation of Direct Speech in Written French Narratives
The automatic annotation of direct speech (AADS) in written text has been
often used in computational narrative understanding. Methods based on either
rules or deep neural networks have been explored, in particular for English or
German languages. Yet, for French, our target language, not many works exist.
Our goal is to create a unified framework to design and evaluate AADS models in
French. For this, we consolidated the largest-to-date French narrative dataset
annotated with DS per word; we adapted various baselines for sequence labelling
or from AADS in other languages; and we designed and conducted an extensive
evaluation focused on generalisation. Results show that the task still requires
substantial efforts and emphasise characteristics of each baseline. Although
this framework could be improved, it is a step further to encourage more
research on the topic.Comment: 9 pages, ACL 202
Explainability in Music Recommender Systems
The most common way to listen to recorded music nowadays is via streaming
platforms which provide access to tens of millions of tracks. To assist users
in effectively browsing these large catalogs, the integration of Music
Recommender Systems (MRSs) has become essential. Current real-world MRSs are
often quite complex and optimized for recommendation accuracy. They combine
several building blocks based on collaborative filtering and content-based
recommendation. This complexity can hinder the ability to explain
recommendations to end users, which is particularly important for
recommendations perceived as unexpected or inappropriate. While pure
recommendation performance often correlates with user satisfaction,
explainability has a positive impact on other factors such as trust and
forgiveness, which are ultimately essential to maintain user loyalty.
In this article, we discuss how explainability can be addressed in the
context of MRSs. We provide perspectives on how explainability could improve
music recommendation algorithms and enhance user experience. First, we review
common dimensions and goals of recommenders' explainability and in general of
eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), and elaborate on the extent to which
these apply -- or need to be adapted -- to the specific characteristics of
music consumption and recommendation. Then, we show how explainability
components can be integrated within a MRS and in what form explanations can be
provided. Since the evaluation of explanation quality is decoupled from pure
accuracy-based evaluation criteria, we also discuss requirements and strategies
for evaluating explanations of music recommendations. Finally, we describe the
current challenges for introducing explainability within a large-scale
industrial music recommender system and provide research perspectives.Comment: To appear in AI Magazine, Special Topic on Recommender Systems 202
Azo-polymers modified with nucleobases and their interactions with DNA molecules
The photo-fluidization process which is specific for azo-materials opens a new perspective for their use in the field of molecules nano manipulation at the surface of the azo polymer films. This is possible considering that in the case of the UV irradiation from a polarized laser source the azo material has an unidirectional flow. Here, we investigated the structuring phenomena occurring on the surface of the azo-polysiloxanes films modified with nucleobases, upon UV irradiation. Measurements of topography and adhesive forces between polymeric substrates and a hydrophilic probe have been done by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The response of the material upon irradiation has been investigated also by using UV-VIS spectroscopy. This method allowed us to draw the photo-isomerization and relaxation curves. Also, preliminary tests were conducted to determine the capacity of the film surface to immobilize DNA molecules
Network Analyses for Cross-Cultural Music Popularity
Anglo-American popular culture has been said to be intricately connected to global popular culture, both shaping and being shaped by popular trends worldwide, yet few research has examined this issue empirically. Our research quantitatively maps the extent of these cultural influences in popular music consumption, by using network analyses to explore cross-cultural popularity in music from 30 countries corresponding to 6 cultural regions (N = 4863 unique songs over six timepoints from 2019-2021). Using Top100 charts from these countries, we constructed a network based on the co-occurrence of songs in charts, and used eigencentrality as an indicator of cross-cultural song popularity. We then compared the country-of-origin of the artists, arousal music features, and socioeconomic indicators. Songs from artists with Anglo-American backgrounds tended to have higher eigencentrality overall, and mixed effects regressions showed that eigencentrality was negatively associated with danceability, and positively associated with spectral energy, and the migrant population of the country (of the charts). Next, using community detection, we observed 11 separate 'communities' in the network. Most communities appeared to be limited by region/culture, but Anglo-American music seemed disproportionally able to transcend cultural boundaries far beyond their geographical borders. We also discuss implications pertaining to cultural hegemony, and the effectiveness of our method in estimating cross-cultural popularity