Correlation Between Hippocampus MRI Radiomic Features and Resting-State Intrahippocampal Functional Connectivity in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with main symptoms of chronic primary memory loss and cognitive impairment. The study aim was to investigate the correlation between intrahippocampal functional connectivity (FC) and MRI radiomic features in AD. A total of 67 AD patients and 44 normal controls (NCs) were enrolled in this study. Using the seed-based method of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), the whole-brain FC with bilateral hippocampus as seed was performed, and the FC values were extracted from the bilateral hippocampus. We observed that AD patients demonstrated disruptive FC in some brain regions in the left hippocampal functional network, including right gyrus rectus, right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri, bilateral precuneus, bilateral angular gyrus, and bilateral middle occipital gyrus. In addition, decreased FC was detected in some brain regions in the right hippocampal functional network, including bilateral anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri, right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, and right precentral gyrus. Bilateral hippocampal radiomics features were calculated and selected using the A.K. software. Finally, Pearson’s correlation analyses were conducted between these selected features and the bilateral hippocampal FC values. The results suggested that two gray level run-length matrix (RLM) radiomic features and one gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) radiomic feature weakly associated with FC values in the left hippocampus. However, there were no significant correlations between radiomic features and FC values in the right hippocampus. These findings present that the AD group showed abnormalities in the bilateral hippocampal functional network. This is a prospective study that revealed the weak correlation between the MRI radiomic features and the intrahippocampal FC in AD patients

Luminescent Metal–Organic Framework Thin Films: From Preparation to Biomedical Sensing Applications

Metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films are receiving increasing attention in a number of different application fields, such as optoelectronics, gas separation, catalysis electronic devices, and biomedicine. In particular, their tunable composition and structure, accessible metal sites and potential for post-synthetic modification for molecular recognition make MOF thin films promising candidates for biosensing applications. Compared with solution-based powdery probes, film-based probes have distinct advantages of good stability and portability, tunable shape and size, real-time detection, non-invasion, extensive suitability in gas/vapor sensing, and recycling. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in luminescent MOF thin films, including the fabrication methods and origins of luminescence. Specifically, luminescent MOF thin films as biosensors for temperature, ions, gases and biomolecules are highlighted

Agomelatine prevented depression in the chronic restraint stress model through enhanced catalase activity and halted oxidative stress.

BackgroundAgomelatine (AGO) is an antidepressant with unique pharmacological effects; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we examined agomelatine's effects on catalase activity, oxidative stress, and inflammation.MethodsChronic restraint stress (CRS) model mice were established over 4 weeks, and AGO 50 mg/kg was administered to different groups alongside a deferasirox (DFX) 10 mg/kg gavage treatment. Behavioral tests were performed to assess the effect of AGO on the remission of depression-like behaviors. Meanwhile, the expression of CAT, the oxidative stress signaling pathway and inflammatory protein markers were assessed using ELISA, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsFour weeks of AGO treatment significantly improved depression-like behavior in mice through the activation of catalase in the hippocampus and serum of the model mice, increased superoxide dismutase expression, reduced malondialdehyde expression, and reduced oxidative stress damage. Deferasirox was found to offset this therapeutic effect partially. In addition, the inflammatory pathway (including nuclear factor-κB and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha) was not significantly altered.ConclusionsAGO can exert antidepressant effects by altering oxidative stress by modulating catalase activity

pone.0289248.t001 - Agomelatine prevented depression in the chronic restraint stress model through enhanced catalase activity and halted oxidative stress

pone.0289248.t001 - Agomelatine prevented depression in the chronic restraint stress model through enhanced catalase activity and halted oxidative stress</p

ELISA, Western blot, and PCR results.

Effect of agomelatine on oxidative stress and the NF-кB pathway in CRS mice. (a) CAT activity in the serum of mice under CRS, AGO, and DFX intervention. (b-c) SOD and MDA concentrations in the serum of mice under CRS, AGO, and DFX intervention. (d, g) Representative protein blot results of CAT, NF-кB p65, and IкBα in the mouse hippocampus under CRS and AGO intervention, showing the quantitative density analysis of CAT in the hippocampus (e, f, h). (i-k) mRNA expression levels of CAT, NF-кB, and IкBα in the mouse hippocampus. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; CAT, catalase; CRS, chronic restraint stress; AGO, agomelatine; DFX, deferasirox; SOD, superoxide dismutase; MDA, malondialdehyde; ns, no significant difference. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons (LSD method). n = 3–5.</p

Effects of the CRS, AGO, and DFX intervention on body weight and behavioral tests.

Depression-like behavior in mice induced by CRS. (a) Initial body weight of the mice. (b) Body weight of the mice after different treatments. (c) Weight gain of the mice. (d) Sucrose preference rate in mice. (e) Forced swimming rest time in mice. (f) The total distance of mice in the central region of the open field test. (g) Total time of mice in the central region in the open field test. (h) The total distance of mice in the open field test. *P<0.05; ** P<0.01; *** P<0.001; CRS, chronic restraint stress; AGO, agomelatine; DFX, deferasirox; ns, no significant difference. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons (LSD method). n = 10.</p

Effects of the CRS, AGO, and DFX intervention on immunohistochemistry of CAT protein in the hippocampus of mice.

Immunohistochemistry shows the changes in CAT protein expression in the hippocampus of mice after CRS, AGO, and DFX intervention. (a) Staining of CAT protein. (B) Positive rate of CAT protein expression in the mouse hippocampus. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; CAT, catalase; CRS, chronic restraint stress; AGO, agomelatine; DFX, deferasirox; ns, no significant difference. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons (LSD method). n = 3.</p

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BackgroundAgomelatine (AGO) is an antidepressant with unique pharmacological effects; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we examined agomelatine’s effects on catalase activity, oxidative stress, and inflammation.MethodsChronic restraint stress (CRS) model mice were established over 4 weeks, and AGO 50 mg/kg was administered to different groups alongside a deferasirox (DFX) 10 mg/kg gavage treatment. Behavioral tests were performed to assess the effect of AGO on the remission of depression-like behaviors. Meanwhile, the expression of CAT, the oxidative stress signaling pathway and inflammatory protein markers were assessed using ELISA, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsFour weeks of AGO treatment significantly improved depression-like behavior in mice through the activation of catalase in the hippocampus and serum of the model mice, increased superoxide dismutase expression, reduced malondialdehyde expression, and reduced oxidative stress damage. Deferasirox was found to offset this therapeutic effect partially. In addition, the inflammatory pathway (including nuclear factor-κB and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha) was not significantly altered.ConclusionsAGO can exert antidepressant effects by altering oxidative stress by modulating catalase activity.</div