Sublingual epidermoid cyst: a case report

Epidermoid and dermoid cysts represent less than 0.01% of all oral cavity cysts. The cysts can be defined as epidermoid when the lining presents only epithelium, dermoid cysts when skin adnexa are found, and teratoid cysts when other tissue such as muscle, cartilage, and bone are present

Coexistence of hashimoto thyroiditis with thyroid neoplasm

AMAÇ: Hashimoto tiroiditi (HT) immünolojik, genetik ya da çevresel faktörlerle immun toleransın bozulması ile ortaya çıkan otoimmun bir hastalıktır. Otoimmun tiroid hastalıklarının en sık formudur. Kadınlarda erkeklerden 5-10 kat daha fazladır. Tiroid neoplazileri ve HT arasındaki ilişki ise hala tartışmalı bir konudur. HT'nin Papiller Tiroid Kanser (PTK) gelişiminde bir risk faktörü olduğu söylenmektedir. Buna ek olarak literatürde HT ile beraber izlenen PTK dışı tiroid tümörleri de tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada HT ve tiroid tümör birlikteliği ve izlenen tümör subtipleri, HT ve tümör birlikteliğinin klinikopatolojik parametrelerle ilişkisi kaynaklar eşliğinde tartışılmıştır. GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM: Çalışmada 1990-2011 yılları arasında laboratuvarımıza gelen tiroidektomi materyelleri içinde histopatolojik olarak Hashimoto tiroiditi tanısı alan 382 olguya ait materyaller ışık mikroskobik olarak incelenmiştir. Olgularda yaş, cins, preoperatif klinik tanı, operasyon şekli, varsa eşlik eden malignite ve malignitenin tipi araştırılmıştır. BULGULAR: Olguların %13,6'sında (52 olgu) tiroid neoplazisi saptanmıştır. Bu tümörlerin %71,1'i papiller (37 olgu) karsinom, %13,5'u (7 olgu) folliküler karsinom ve %15,4'ü (8 olgu) folliküler adenom morfolojisindedir. İzlenen tüm papiller karsinomların %70,2'sinde tümör çapı 1 cm'nin altındadır. SONUÇ: Sunulan çalışmada HT olgularının PTK ile görece olarak sık birlikteliği ve bu birlikteliğe sıklıkla küçük tümör boyutunun eşlik ettiği saptanmıştır. HT ve tiroid neoplazisi birlikteliği de literatürle uyumlu bulunmuştur.OBJECTIVE: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease which becomes evident by impaired immune tolerance because of immunologic, genetic and environmental factors. HT is the most frequent form of autoimmune thyroid diseases. It occurs more frequently in women with prevalence ratios ranging from 5 to 10:1. Relationship between HT and thyroid tumors is still controversial. It's said that there is a higher risk in HT for growing papillary thyroid carcinoma. In addition, the non-papillary thyroid carcinomas that are analyzed with HT are defined in literature. In this study coexistence of HT and thyroid tumor and also tumor subtypes are analyzed. Furthermore relationship between this coexistence and clinicopathologic parameters are discussed with reference to the literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, the slides of 382 cases that were diagnosed as HT in the thyroidectomy specimens between 1990-2011 are analyzed by light microscopy. Age, sex, preoperative diagnosis and operation types are investigated in addition to the malignancy. RESULTS: In this study 382 cases of HT were analyzed retrospectively. In 13,6% of cases (52 cases) thyroid neoplasm was detected. Of these tumors 71,1% (37 cases) were papillary carcinoma, 13,5 % (7 cases) were follicular carcinoma and 15,4% (8 cases) were follicular adenoma. In 70,2% of cases tumor diameter is under 1 cm in all papillary carcinomas. CONCLUSION: In this study, relatively frequent coexistence of thyroid neoplasm and HT besides collocation of frequent small tumor diameter is determined. Coexistence of HT and thyroid neoplasm has been found consistent with literature

A Rare Tumour of the Breast: Carcinosarcoma

Carcinosarcoma of the breast, also known as metaplastic carcinoma, is rare with very few cases reported in the literature. A 46-year old female patient presented with a mass in her left breast. Physical examination, ultrasonography and mammography findings were consistent with malignancy. The mass was totally removed. Histopathological examination revealed carcinosarcoma of the breast. Histologic grade of the tumour was III. Ki67 proliferation index was found 40% positive. Tumour cells were positive for p53 (70% positive), c-erb-B2 (5% positive), pancytokeratin and EMA in carcinomatous areas, and vimentin in sarcomatous areas. There was no metastasis in axillary lymph node and distant metastasis. The patient is receiving chemotherapy and is under follow-up in the 54th month. Along with a review of the literature, we present the information regarding the clinical and histological findings and treatment of the patient who was operated due to breast carcinosarcoma

Comparison of Gram stain and Pap smear procedures in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of Gram stain versus Pap smear in diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV). METHODS: One-thousand and sixty women were enrolled in this study. All cases with symptoms of BV were determined by Amsel's criteria, which were accepted as the gold standard for diagnosis of BV. Pap smear and Gram stain evaluations were compared according to Amsel's criteria, without viewing the clinical results of the patients. Gram stain and Pap smear results were determined as negative or positive according to Amsel's criteria. Sensitivity, specifity and positive predictive values were calculated. RESULTS: After accepting the cases that were diagnosed as BV according to Amsel's criteria as reference cases, the sensitivity of the Gram stain method was calculated as 97% and the sensitivity of the Pap smear method as 93%. Similar specificity rates were obtained with both methods in diagnosis of BV related to the clinical results. There were no statistically significant differences in diagnosis of BV between these two groups. CONCLUSION: If Amsel's criteria are accepted as the gold standard for diagnosis of BV, Gram stain and Pap smear methods will give similar results in diagnosis

Polyps of the gallbladder: retrospective analysis of 33 cases

Amaç: Safra kesesi polipleri , safra kesesi mukozasından köken alan lezyonlardır. Bu çalısmada, klinigimizde preoperatif safra kesesi polibi tanısı alarak cerrahi girisim uygulanan olgular patolojik tanıları ile tartısılmakta ve cerrahi endikasyon koyduracak kriterlerin tanımlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Materyal-Metod: Klinigimizde Ocak 1995 ile Haziran 2003 tarihleri arasında preopeeratif safra kesesi polibi tanısı alan olgular demografik özellikleri, klinik ve abdominal ultrasonografi bulguları, yapılan cerrahi tedavi, histopatolojik tanıları, morbidite ve mortalite açısından retrospektif olarak degerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kolesistektomi yapılan 1420 olgunun otuzüçü de (%2,3) preoperatif safra kesesi polibi tanısı almıstır. Karın agrısı en sık rastlanılan semptom idi.Tüm olgulara abdominal ultrasonografi ile tanı konulmus olup görüntülemede, 3 olguda sesil, 30 olguda ise pediküllü polip bulunurken, 7 olguda ek olarak kolelithiasis saptandı. Tedavide 8 olguda laparoskopik, 25 olguda ise açık olarak kolesistektomi yapıldı. Histopatolojik incelemede ; 16 olguda sadece kolelithiasis ve kronik kolesistit, 14 olguda kolesterol polibi, 2 olguda adenomatöz polip, 1 olguda ise adenokarsinom saptandı. Sonuç: Safra kesesi poliplerinde cerrahi tedavi, tüm semptomatik, beraberinde kolelitiasis olan, polip boyutu 10 mmgeçen ve ultrasonografik olarak malignite riski tasıyan olgularda yapılmalıdır.Aim: The nature of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder is difficult to define before operation, and surgical indications still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to identfy surgical indications for polypoid lesion of the gallbladder with regarding their ultrasonographic histopathological findings and indications. Material-Methods: Between 1995 and June 2003, the patients with preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder polyp were evaluated retrospectively according to their demographic findings, clinical symptoms, abdominal ultrasonography results, surgical treatment and pathology . Results: The incidence of preoperative gallbladder polyp diagnosis was 2,3% (33/1420) in cholecystectomized patients. The most common symptom was abdominal pain. In abdominal ultrasonography used for diagnosis in all patient, the polyps were sessile in 3 cases and pedunculated in 30 cases. Also cholelithiasis was coexist with polyp in 7 cases ultrasonographically. Cholecystectomy was made laparoscopically in 8 patients and others were with open technique. In histopathological assesment, the results were as only cholelithiasis and chronic cholecystitis / 16 cases, cholesterol polyp / 14 cases, adenoma / 2 cases and adenocarcinoma / 1 case. Conclusion: Surgery is the choice of treatment in all symptomatic patients and the cases having polyps with a size of greater than 10 mm as well as the cases carrying malignant features ultrasonographically

Orthodontic Treatment Need, Self-Esteem, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Assessment of Primary Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Objective:The aims of this study were (1) to determine orthodontic treatment need, self-esteem, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of primary schoolchildren and (2) to investigate possible influences of orthodontic treatment need on self-esteem and OHRQoL.Methods:The subjects of this cross-sectional study were 219 children aged 13–14 years attending public schools in Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. None of the children were undergoing active orthodontic treatment or had previously received orthodontic treatment. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need Dental Health Component (IOTN-DHC) was used to determine normative orthodontic treatment need, and scores of 4 and 5 were defined as treatment need. IOTN Aesthetic Component (IOTN-AC) was used for the determination of child perception as well as the orthodontist perception of treatment need, and scores of 8–10 were defined as treatment need. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was applied for self-esteem level determination. OHRQoL was evaluated using Child-Oral Impact on Daily Performance (C-OIDP) questionnaire. Correlations of the obtained data were tested using Spearman rho, and groups presenting correlations were further tested using Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square test. Interoperator and intraoperator reliability of the applied tests was evaluated using weighted kappa scores.Results:Prevalence of dental normative orthodontic treatment need was 37%, with 7.3% of the children presenting no malocclusion. Of the whole population, 5.5% of the children described themselves as having definite treatment need according to IOTN-AC scores. OHRQoL was positively influenced when self-esteem was higher (p=0.01). Presence of normative orthodontic treatment need according to IOTN-DHC did not have an influence on OHRQoL (p=0.745).Conclusion:Orthodontic treatment need derived by the orthodontist might not necessarily influence OHRQoL and self-esteem of primary schoolchildren. Assessment of OHRQoL as an adjunct to conventional diagnostic tools and normative measures may be feasible for the interpretation of treatment need and priority

Routine careful histopathological examination should be performed in sleeve gastrectomy specimens

Introduction: The presence of increased ratio of obesity caused a rapid increase of bariatric surgery practice. In this study, our purpose is to clarify the histopathologic findings of the patients who have experienced this type of bariatric surgery and to learn more about the distinguishable features of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) specimens and to contribute to the related literature. Methods: A retrospective study was designed with the histopathologic findings from pathology specimens of 109 patients who experienced LSG between April 2014 and May 2016. To collect essential data, we used the database system of our institution that contains all of the selected patients for our study. Results: Overall, the average age was 36.2 years, and 85 were female while 24 were male. The principal histopathologic features were active chronic gastritis in 9, chronic gastritis in 68, atrophy in 5, and intestinal metaplasia in 8 patients. In two patients, gastrointestinal stromal tumor was found and in another patient, neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia was found. In addition to the dominant histopathologic features including chronic and active chronic gastritis, a small percent of patients had clinically significant pathologic findings in the sleeve gastrectomy specimens and this may have an effect on postoperative management and morbidity. Conclusion: Considering these results, having histopathologic examination of the sleeve gastrectomy specimens as a standard procedure is strongly recommended

Papillary carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst with associated microcarcinoma of the thyroid and without cervical lymph node metastasis: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>This is a case report of a 44-year-old woman with papillary carcinoma of a thyroglossal duct cyst.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 44 year-old woman presented to the otolaryngology outpatient clinic with an asymptomatic anterior midline neck mass. A cervical ultrasound showed a lesion which appeared to be a thyroglossal duct cyst and surgical resection using Sistrunk's procedure was performed. The histopathologic diagnosis showed papillary carcinoma evolving from a thyroglossal duct cyst, confined to the thyroglossal cyst, with a tumor diameter of 2 cm. The patient then underwent total thyroidectomy and bilateral neck dissection. The final pathology reported an 8 mm papillary cancer in the left lobe of the thyroid without any metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes. The patient was treated with radioactive iodide and thyroid suppresion therapy was given as adjuvant treatment. The patient has been following for two years without any metastasis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Malignancy within a thyroglossal duct cyst is very rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a midline neck mass.</p

The effect of high-fructose feeding on hemodynamic behavior and infarct size of isolated rat hearts subjected to low-flow ischemia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potentially deleterious effect of in vivo high-fructose feeding of rats on ex vivo hemodynamic recovery and infarct size of isolated rat hearts subjected to low-flow ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: After feeding Sprague-Dawley male rats with a high-fructose (n=9), high-glucose (n=9) or a standard diet (n=9) for four weeks, the hearts were extirpated and perfused ex vivo with a Krebs-Henseleit solution for 15 min; thereafter the hearts were subjected to low flow (0.3 ml/min) ischemia during 30 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), first derivative of pressure development during the contraction and relaxation phase and heart rate were recorded prior to ischemia and after reperfusion. Infarct area was measured at the end of the reperfusion period. Results: In isolated hearts, subjected to ex vivo low-flow ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion, the relative myocardial infarct size did not differ between the three groups. Post-ischemic cardiac contractile recovery appeared to be complete in both the high-fructose and high-glucose group at 60 min reperfusion. In contrast, in the control group LVDP and left ventricular relaxation rate were still depressed at the end of 60 minutes of reperfusion. Conclusion: Feeding with a high-fructose diet of rats appears to have a positive effect on the recovery of left ventricular contractile function after low-flow ischemia, in comparison to a standard diet, without a difference in relative myocardial infarct size. Similar results were obtained in the high-glucose fed rats

Is the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia at the squamocolumnar junction different in patients with progressive sytemic sclerosis?

WOS: 000283606300009PubMed ID: 20931428Background/aims: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is seen frequently in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia-squamocolumnar junction in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis and to investigate the association with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods: Thirty-one patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (Group A), 58 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease -without progressive systemic sclerosis (Group B) and 36 patients without progressive systemic sclerosis or gastroesophageal reflux disease (Group C) were prospectively enrolled into this study. Biopsies were taken from the antrum, body, squamocolumnar junction (Z-line), and from the esophagus (3 cm above the Z-line). All biopsies were independently evaluated by two pathologists who were unaware of the diagnosis. Results: We found that grade C-D esophagitis, esophageal stricture and Barrett's esophagus were statistically significantly higher in Group A (p0.05), and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was 61%, 67% and 38% in Groups A, B and C, respectively. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was similar in Group B and Group A, and significantly higher in Group B than Group C. Within each group, no significant relationship was detected between intestinal metaplasia at squamocolumnar junction and gender, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, gastric atrophy, and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. Conclusions: Patients with progressive systemic sclerosis have a higher tendency to the more severe forms and complications of gastroesophageal reflux disease including Barrett's esophagus than in those without progressive systemic sclerosis. However, there was no difference in the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia at squamocolumnar junction between groups, and it can he pointed out that intestinal metaplasia at squamocolumnar junction might not be related with gastroesophageal reflux disease