4 research outputs found
The sacroiliac part of the iliolumbar ligament
The iliolumbar ligament has been described as the most important ligament
for restraining movement at the lumbosacral junction. In addition, it may
play an important role in restraining movement in the sacroiliac joints.
To help understand its presumed restraining effect, the anatomy of the
ligament and its orientation with respect to the sacroiliac joints were
studied in 17 cadavers. Specific dissection showed the existence of
several distinct parts of the iliolumbar ligament, among which is a
sacroiliac part. This sacroiliac part originates on the sacrum and blends
with the interosseous sacroiliac ligaments. Together with the ventral part
of the iliolumbar ligament it inserts on the medial part of the iliac
crest, separate from the interosseous sacroiliac ligaments. Its existence
is verified by magnetic resonance imaging and by cryosectioning of the
pelvis in the coronal and transverse plane. Fibre direction, length,
width, thickness and orientation of the sacroiliac part of the iliolumbar
ligament are described. It is mainly oriented in the coronal plane,
perpendicular to the sacroiliac joint. The existence of this sacroiliac
part of the iliolumbar ligament supports the assumption that the
iliolumbar ligament has a direct restraining effect on movement in the
sacroiliac joints
Anterior joint capsule of the normal hip and in children with transient synovitis: US study with anatomic and histologic correlation
PURPOSE: To study the anatomic components of the anterior joint capsule of
the normal hip and in children with transient synovitis. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: Six cadaveric specimens were imaged with ultrasonography (US)
with special attention to the anterior joint capsule. Subsequently, two
specimens were analyzed histologically. These anatomic findings were
correlated with the US findings in 58 healthy children and 105 children
with unilateral transient synovitis. RESULTS: The anterior joint capsule
comprises an anterior and posterior layer, mainly composed of fibrous
tissue, lined by only a minute synovial membrane. Both fibrous layers were
identified separately at US in 98 of 116 (84%) hips of healthy subjects
and in all hips with transient synovitis. Overall, the anterior layer was
thicker than the posterior layer. In transient synovitis compared with
normal hips, no significant thickening of both layers was present (P = .24
and .57 for the anterior and posterior layers, respectively). Normal
variants include plicae, local thickening of the capsule, and
pseudodiverticula. CONCLUSION: Increased thickness of the anterior joint
capsule in transient synovitis is caused entirely by effusion. There is no
US evidence for additional capsule swelling or synovial hypertrophy
Endoanal MRI of the anal sphincter complex: correlation with cross-sectional anatomy and histology
The purpose of this study was to correlate the in vivo endoanal MRI
findings of the anal sphincter with the cross-sectional anatomy and
histology. Fourteen patients with rectal tumours were examined with a
rigid endoanal MR coil before undergoing abdominoperineal resection. In
addition, 12 cadavers were used to obtain cross-sectional anatomical
sections. The images were correlated with the histology and anatomy of the
resected rectal specimens as well as with the cross-sectional anatomical
sections of the 12 cadavers. The findings in 8 patients, 11 rectal
preparations, and 10 cadavers, could be compared. In these cases, there
was an excellent correlation between endoanal MRI and the cross-sectional
cadaver anatomy and histology. With endoanal MRI, all muscle layers of the
anal canal wall, comprising the internal anal sphincter, longitudinal
muscle, the external anal sphincter and the puborectalis muscle wer