Phylogenetic studies in <i>Genabea, Myrmecocystis</i>, and related genera

<p>A multigene phylogenetic analysis of <i>Genabea, Myrmecocystis</i>, and related genera in Pyronemataceae was conducted to establish genetically supported generic limits. The nuc rDNA 28S gene, translation elongation factor 1-α gene (<i>TEF1</i>), and RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit gene (<i>RPB2</i>) significantly supported the monophyly of several distinct genera of hypogeous Pyronemataceae. The genetic identity of <i>Genabea fragilis</i> is established, and the new species <i>Genabea hyalospora, G. urbana, Myrmecocystis mediterranea</i>, and <i>M. microspora</i> are proposed to accommodate undescribed lineages. Two rare species, <i>M. sphaerospora</i> and <i>M. spinospora</i>, are tentatively identified based on collections that are morphologically similar to the original descriptions. The genus <i>Genea</i> was found to be monophyletic, except for <i>G. cazaresii</i>, which is nested among epigeous species of <i>Humaria</i>. The new combination <i>Humaria cazaresii</i> is proposed to accommodate this species.</p