Service-Learning on American Campuses: Challenges for Pedagogy and Practice

Over the past twenty years, there has been a steady increase in the number of students involved in community service and service-learning programs on college campuses. A recent report by Campus Compact (2003) noted that 33 percent of college students on its member campuses were engaged in community service programs during the last academic year. Surveys by Compact found that eleven percent of higher education faculty offered an average of 30 service-learning courses on campuses (Campus Compact 2003, 2003a). Increasingly, institutions of higher education are supporting these efforts by establishing community service and service-learning offices, staffing them, and by providing institutional means to advance their mission on campuses

Classrooms and Minefields

Graduate school is a time of personal and professional challenges and changes. Engaging in personal reflection about your identity and your goals can help you make sense of these changes. Set and enforce your own personal and professional boundaries to protect all the parts of your identity; learn to recognize your own triggers and prioritize your own self-care. Create a set of lifelines—people and resources you can be vulnerable with and can turn to for both personal and professional challenges. You will need different lifelines to help with different problems such as identity whiplash or the many landmines you may hit. Recognize that each lifeline person will offer you a different set of responses

The New Student Politics Curriculum Guide

The New Student Politics: The Wingspread Statement on Student Civic Engagement (2002) can be assigned as a text in a political science service-learning course that has as an explicit course objective the exploration of contemporary conceptions of citizenship, or a sociology service-learning course that focuses on community building and social transformation. Additionally, the text can be incorporated in service-learning courses across the disciplines with the aid of The New Student Politics Curriculum Guide. The Curriculum Guide is designed to provide a structure for engaging students in reflection on their community service experiences in a way that allows for the exploration of the connections between service and politics, the purposes of their education and their work in community, and their role as participants in the civic life of American democracy. The structured reflection provided in the Curriculum Guide recognizes that all disciplinary competence is infused with an element of civic awareness and purpose, or as William Sullivan has written, there is no viable pursuit of technical excellence without participation in those civic enterprises through which expertise discovers its human meaning. The Curriculum Guide delves deeper into the concept of service politics introduced in The New Student Politics, provides a guide to including civic engagement reflection in service-learning courses, and includes concrete tools for reflection on student civic engagement

Brucea Javanica Leaf Extract Induced Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HSC2) Cells by Attenuation of Mitochondrial Membrane Permeability

BACKGROUND: Brucea javanica extract has been reported to have anti-proliferative and cell death induction activities. B. javanica extract was reported to induce apoptosis through caspase cascade. Most of investigated B. javanica extracts were derived from seeds and fruits, or commercially available oil emulsion. Therefore we conducted a study on B. javanica leaf extract (BJLE) in oral cancer cells.METHODS: B. javanica leaves were collected, identified, minced, dried, extracted with distilled ethanol at room temperature for 24 hours, filtered and evaporated. Resulted BJLE was stored at 4°C. Human oral squamous cell carcinoma (HSC)-2 cells were fasted for 12 hours and treated with BJLE in various concentrations for 24 hours. Cells were then quantified with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, demonstrated with 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. To find out mitochondrial membrane permeability (MMP), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) was analyzed.RESULTS: BJLE reduced percentage of viable HSC-2 cells in a concentration dependent manner. BJLE induced apoptosis in HSC-2 cells. With treatment of 50 μg/ml BJLE, fragmented nuclei were seen. ΔΨM of HSC-2 cells treated with 50 μg/ml BJLE were shifted to the left, meaning that BJLE induced reduction of ΔΨM and attenuation of MMP.CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that BJLE could induce apoptosis by attenuating MMP

Exploring How We Teach: Lived Experiences, Lessons, and Research about Graduate Instructors by Graduate Instructors

This book combines the knowledge of 30 graduate student instructors sharing about how they teach and how they’ve learned how to teach

Animación sociocultural mediante el deporte en la Unidad de Salud Mental del establecimiento carcelario La Modelo de Bogotá

Servicio Social ComunitarioInvestigación realizada tuvo como objetivo la realización de una animación sociocultural en el establecimiento carcelario la Modelo ubicado en la ciudad de Bogotá- Colombia, específicamente en la unidad de salud mental, a través de metodologías participativas y alternativas de intervención como el Aprendizaje Servicio Solidario (ASS); de esta manera fue posible identificar en un primer momento algunas de las necesidades sentidas, percibidas e inferidas, tanto de la institución, como de las personas privadas de la libertad (PPL), a través del arte y el deporte. En un segundo momento se desarrolló una intervención a través de las metodologías ya mencionadas, utilizando el deporte como herramienta principal, buscando potencializar en los internos diferentes alternativas para la solución de problemas y la transformación de las necesidades evaluadas. En cuanto a este último objetivo de la intervención no todas las necesidades pudieron tener alguna modificación, puesto que algunas de ellas se encuentran vinculadas con lineamientos institucionales fuera del alcance de esta investigación. Para este estudio no se contó con una muestra estable, ya que para cada sesión los PPL podían elegir su participación de manera voluntaria y en casos particulares se evidenciaban traslados de patio o de establecimiento carcelario y, además, se presentaron situaciones de inseguridad en el patio, que no permitieron el desarrollo adecuado de las últimas sesiones de intervención.140 p.1. Marco Teórico 2. Marco Metodológico 3. Diseño Metodológico de la Intervención 4. Categorías de Análisis 5. Análisis de Contenido 6. Matriz Operativa del Proyecto 7. Análisis de Procesos 8. ReferenciasPregradoPsicólog

Burkholderia Type VI Secretion Systems Have Distinct Roles in Eukaryotic and Bacterial Cell Interactions

Bacteria that live in the environment have evolved pathways specialized to defend against eukaryotic organisms or other bacteria. In this manuscript, we systematically examined the role of the five type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) of Burkholderia thailandensis (B. thai) in eukaryotic and bacterial cell interactions. Consistent with phylogenetic analyses comparing the distribution of the B. thai T6SSs with well-characterized bacterial and eukaryotic cell-targeting T6SSs, we found that T6SS-5 plays a critical role in the virulence of the organism in a murine melioidosis model, while a strain lacking the other four T6SSs remained as virulent as the wild-type. The function of T6SS-5 appeared to be specialized to the host and not related to an in vivo growth defect, as ΔT6SS-5 was fully virulent in mice lacking MyD88. Next we probed the role of the five systems in interbacterial interactions. From a group of 31 diverse bacteria, we identified several organisms that competed less effectively against wild-type B. thai than a strain lacking T6SS-1 function. Inactivation of T6SS-1 renders B. thai greatly more susceptible to cell contact-induced stasis by Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Serratia proteamaculans—leaving it 100- to 1000-fold less fit than the wild-type in competition experiments with these organisms. Flow cell biofilm assays showed that T6S-dependent interbacterial interactions are likely relevant in the environment. B. thai cells lacking T6SS-1 were rapidly displaced in mixed biofilms with P. putida, whereas wild-type cells persisted and overran the competitor. Our data show that T6SSs within a single organism can have distinct functions in eukaryotic versus bacterial cell interactions. These systems are likely to be a decisive factor in the survival of bacterial cells of one species in intimate association with those of another, such as in polymicrobial communities present both in the environment and in many infections

Long-term effects of evolocumab in participants with HIV and dyslipidemia: results from the open-label extension period

Objectives: People with HIV (PWH) are at an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Suboptimal responses to statin therapy in PWH may result from antiretroviral therapies (ARTs). This open-label extension study aimed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of evolocumab up to 52\u200aweeks in PWH. Design: This final analysis of a multinational, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized phase 3 trial evaluated the effect of monthly subcutaneous evolocumab 420\u200amg on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) during the open-label period (OLP) following 24\u200aweeks of double-blind period in PWH with hypercholesterolemia/mixed dyslipidemia. All participants enrolled had elevated LDL-C or nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and were on stable maximally tolerated statin and stable ART. Methods: Efficacy was assessed by percentage change from baseline in LDL-C, triglycerides, and atherogenic lipoproteins. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were examined. Results: Of the 467 participants randomized in the double-blind period, 451 (96.6%) received at least one dose of evolocumab during the OLP (mean age of 56.4\u200ayears, 82.5% male, mean duration with HIV of 17.4\u200ayears). By the end of the 52-week OLP, the overall mean (SD) percentage change in LDL-C from baseline was -57.8% (22.8%). Evolocumab also reduced triglycerides, atherogenic lipid parameters (non-HDL-C, apolipoprotein B, total cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lipoprotein[a]), and increased HDL-C. TEAEs were similar between placebo and evolocumab during the OLP. Conclusion: Long-term administration of evolocumab lowered LDL-C and non-HDL-C, allowing more PWH to achieve recommended lipid goals with no serious adverse events. Trail registration: NCT02833844. Video abstract: http://links.lww.com/QAD/C441