Filmy Cloud Removal on Satellite Imagery with Multispectral Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets

In this paper, we propose a method for cloud removal from visible light RGB satellite images by extending the conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) from RGB images to multispectral images. Satellite images have been widely utilized for various purposes, such as natural environment monitoring (pollution, forest or rivers), transportation improvement and prompt emergency response to disasters. However, the obscurity caused by clouds makes it unstable to monitor the situation on the ground with the visible light camera. Images captured by a longer wavelength are introduced to reduce the effects of clouds. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is such an example that improves visibility even the clouds exist. On the other hand, the spatial resolution decreases as the wavelength increases. Furthermore, the images captured by long wavelengths differs considerably from those captured by visible light in terms of their appearance. Therefore, we propose a network that can remove clouds and generate visible light images from the multispectral images taken as inputs. This is achieved by extending the input channels of cGANs to be compatible with multispectral images. The networks are trained to output images that are close to the ground truth using the images synthesized with clouds over the ground truth as inputs. In the available dataset, the proportion of images of the forest or the sea is very high, which will introduce bias in the training dataset if uniformly sampled from the original dataset. Thus, we utilize the t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) to improve the problem of bias in the training dataset. Finally, we confirm the feasibility of the proposed network on the dataset of four bands images, which include three visible light bands and one near-infrared (NIR) band

AN AUTOPSY CASE OF PORTOPULMONARY HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER CIRRHOSIS

We report an autopsy case of pulmonary pexogenic arteriopathy associated with portal hypertension due to alcoholic liver cirrhosis, termed portopulmonary hypertension (PPHT). A 49-year-old man who has had alcoholic liver cirrhosis for 10 years complained of severe dyspnea (Fletcher-Hugh-Jones V). Chest CT revealed marked enlargement of bilateral hilar pulmonary arteries and cardiomegaly associated with right ventricular hypertrophy. The patient died from hepatic. encephalopathy and respiratory failure. Autopsy c1early revealed the wall thickness of pulmonary small vessels diffusely in peripheral fields on cut surfaces and marked dilatation of the main pulmonary artery, together with liver cirrhosis. Microscopically, the pulmonary small arteries demonstrated grade 5 pulmonary plexogenic arteriopathy inc1uding plexiform lesions and a micronodule resembling an arachnoid granulation or meningioma throughout the lungs. This case suggested that a typical plexogenic arteriopathy morphologically and definitely contributed to confirm PPHT, although the patient was c1inically suspected of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS)

Synthesis of diblock copolymers with cellulose derivatives 4. Self-assembled nanoparticles of amphiphilic cellulose derivatives carrying a single pyrene group at the reducing-end

Self-assembled cellulose-pyrene nanoparticles were prepared from amphiphilic cellulose derivatives carrying a single pyrene group at the reducing-end, N-(1-pyrenebutyloyl)-β-cellulosylamine (CELL13Py and CELL30Py, the number average degrees of polymerization (DPn) of 13 and 30, respectively) and N-(15-(1-pyrenebutyloylamino)-pentadecanoyl)-β-cellulosylamine (CELL13C15Py and CELL30C15Py, DPn of 13 and 30, respectively). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation revealed that CELL13C15Py and CELL30C15Py formed self-assembled nanoparticles with the average diameters of 108.8 and 40.0 nm, respectively. The average radius of CELL30C15Py nanoparticles (20.0 nm) agreed well with the molecular length of its cellulose chain (19.2 nm). CELL30C15Py nanoparticles were expected to have monolayered structure, consisting of cellulose shell with radial orientation and hydrophobic core of 15-(1-pyrenebutyloylamino)-pentadecanoyl groups. The fluorescent spectrum of CELL30C15Py nanoparticles showed an excimer emission due to dimerized pyrene groups, indicating that the pyrene groups at the reducing-end of cellulose are associating in the particles. The balance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts of the cellulose derivatives controlled their self-assembled nanostructures. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that radially oriented cellulose chains of CELL30C15Py nanoparticles were mostly amorphous, and at the same time exhibited weak reflection pattern of cellulose II, which is believed to have anti-parallel orientation

Fabrication of large preforms for low-loss single-mode optical fibers by a hybridized process

Α hybridized fabrication process for single-mode optical fibers has been studied. The process consists of direct overcladding a VAD derived core rod with a porous body made from commercial silica powder by means of the cold isostatic pressing technique. By using a mixture of main silica powder with an average particle diameter of 10 µm and 1 w t% of fine silica powder with an average particle diameter of 0.04 µm and a core rod having a core/cladding diameter ratio of 1/2.4 as starting materials, large preforms for 300 km fibers were fabricated, which were drawn into fibers with attenuation losses of 0.350 dB/km at 1.31 µm and 0.232 dB/km at 1.55 µm. In the process, a special rubber mold with a structure in which both ends of the core rod are pressed by hydrostatic pressure makes the fabrication of large hybridized soot preforms possible, plastic deformation of the porous body during degreasing being remarkably reduced by using a suitable content of glycerol

局所接触型マイクロ波を利用した固体燃料の動的燃焼制御技術に関する研究

金沢大学理工研究域初年度(平成18年度)完成させた実験装置を利用し,熱量利得を考察するための,もっとも重要な燃焼質量に関するデータを,再現性を考慮しながら取得した.このとき,燃焼場に供給される正味のマイクロ波熱量を定量的に評価するために,方向性結合器を利用して,入射波熱量および反射波熱量を計測した.燃焼場に影響を及ぼすと考えることができるマイクロ波熱量,つまり正味マイクロ波熱量は,この入射波熱量から反射波熱量を引いたものになる.燃焼質量は,点火前と点火後の試料質量を精密天秤で計測し,いずれの条件でも4回以上実施して再現性とばらつきを検証した.燃料は市販されているPMMA円柱を用い,円柱直径およびマイクロ波入射熱量を実験変数とした.正味マイクロ波強度に対して,燃焼質量から計算される熱量は,2倍以上の高い熱量利得を示す場合があった.このとき,火炎映像および火炎基部の固体燃料近傍も記録された.燃焼質量が大きいときは火炎も大きくなり,燃焼質量と火炎映像に相関があることがわかった.火炎基部ではPMMAが熱変形している様子が観察された.これらの結果から,ある条件では,マイクロ波熱量によって燃焼が促進され,燃えにくいものも簡単に燃やすことができる可能性が示された.しかしながら,点火方法やマイクロ波輸送機構が不十分でない場合が多く,ばらつきが大きかった.特に,点火方法は再考すべき点があり,短い時間,小さな空間で,確実に点火できる機構を考案する必要がある.研究課題/領域番号:18760144, 研究期間(年度):2006 – 2007出典：「局所接触型マイクロ波を利用した固体燃料の動的燃焼制御技術に関する研究」研究成果報告書　課題番号18760144（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所））（https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18760144/)を加工して作