Depth-encoded optical coherence elastography for simultaneous volumetric imaging of two tissue faces

Australian Research Council (ARC); National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC); National Breast Cancer Foundation (NBCF); Department of Health, Government of Western Australia.Depth-encoded optical coherence elastography (OCE) enables simultaneous acquisition of two three-dimensional (3D) elastograms from opposite sides of a sample. By the choice of suitable path-length differences in each of two interferometers, the detected carrier frequencies are separated, allowing depth-ranging from each interferometer to be performed simultaneously using a single spectrometer. We demonstrate depth-encoded OCE on a silicone phantom and a freshly excised sample of mouse liver. This technique minimizes the required spectral detection hardware and halves the total scan time. Depth-encoded OCE may expedite clinical translation in time-sensitive applications requiring rapid 3D imaging of multiple tissue surfaces, such as tumor margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery.PostprintPeer reviewe

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1878 Feb 9.

https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/36471/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1878 Feb 9.

Rancho Chico,Feb. 9th, 1878.My dear Mr. Muir:I have but a few moments at my command this morning, but feel impelled to use them in writing you a few lines of thanks for the beautiful and highly prized specimen of sand carved wood, and for your views regarding Prof. G[unning]. In the meantime I had written Sallie [Kennedy] to ascertain from Dr. Gray, visiting Washington, his opinion of the professor\u27s ability, the latter professing the most cordial and intimate relations with Prof. Gray. Her reply I enclose, which you are at liberty, if you desire, to shew confidentially to Prof. Allen and Mr. Swett.However I would prefer you suggest to them to ascertain from Boston the standing of Prof. Gunning among scientists, as it is painful to me to appear hypocritical in acting friendship for the Professor while I expose him. You can appreciate my position, though I can say I have not acted toward him in any way my conscience condemns. I told you of his letters to us, and the nature of our friendship, and it is now just where it then was. I still confess to him my unbelief in his peculiar views, and drive him to the wall if I can so there is no hypocrisy. He says forty teachers urge him to establish a school of Natural History at Santa Cruz, and he tells of lectures in San Francisco when twelve hundred were present, and the hall crowded, and I can not quietly sit by and fail to warn the innocent seekers after knowledge that they ought to ascertain how reliable is the information they are absorbing, or hope to absorb. His lectures here he pronounces miserable failures, so very few attending. Believing him unreliable I could not ask him to lecture, so he wrote for, and obtained, the Congregational Church. The pastor thereof having some enemies who decline to enter his church under any circumstances influences some to absent themselves, the rainy weather others, while some have read the reports of his lectures elsewhere and do not like their tenor, while some say he is no scientist in our opinion. I am sorry for the Professor, but glad so few have been instructed by him here. He says his audiences here have been simply ridiculous. To-day I heard from reliable source that he says he has been told that our pastor, Mr. Ellis, has kept persons away. That is not so, for Mr. Ellis has attended several himself, and told some of his people to hear him and judge for themselves, as he intended doing. I have refrained from influencing for, and it would doubtless be construed against him, for which I should rather be glad than otherwise. To-day Mr. Knowlton accompanied him to the foothills in search of fossils, specimens of which Mr. Knowlton has shewn him, and which elicit his admiration and wonder.I will read the works to which you refer, in so far as I can, and shall always be grateful for any suggestions regarding desirable works which you may think profitable to me.Your article on the Humming Bird of the Sierra was charming. (I hope none of your articles may escape me.) Mamma read the article and wrote me that she thought it the loveliest article she had ever read. But adieu, and believe me,Ever sincerely yours,br\u3eAnnie K[ennedy] Bidwellhttps://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/36473/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1878 Jan 21.

[9]But I must say good night, pray- ing that you may be kept in safe- ty and happiness, and remain Very Sincerely Your friend Anne K. BidwellMr John Muir. 00763[second part cut off when photographed]https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/37067/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1878 Jan 21.

[8]effect that he has carefully studied this question but fails to find any facts to prove it, but rather the contrary. And I have an extract from his address before the geological Association on this subject, delivered last year. Also a statement by Prof. Davidson regard- ing another point on which Prof Gunning said [underlined: all] scientists agree; evolution in animal life. In this article Prof. Davidson says that after 15 years of careful study, at Prof. Darwin’s request, of the Brachiopoda, he has been unable to “produce a single actual fact in support of the theory”. Please tell me who is nearest right & in what you think Prof. G. right or wrong. Will you please tell me the name of the plant on which we spread our blankets, under those grand Abies Williamisonii, on Lassen. “Also the plant which you pronounced one of your favorites, and for which you named our camp”. I have forgotten both, and wish to know them. We congratulate you on the grand success of your recent explorations, and are truly thankful you were preserved through every danger, and arrived safely among the haunts of man. Against this last clause you may rebel, but we are none the less glad that it is true. I trust your life may long be spared to gather these stores of knowledge whereby the world is made wiser and better, and from which you derive such pure joy. We shall always be so glad to hear from you when you feel like writing and shall hope ere long to have our promis- ed visit. Just now the rain is copiously visiting us, and soon the flowers will [ show?] their pretty faces and we do hope you will be here to enjoy their beauty with us.https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/37069/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, [1880 Apr].

https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/35560/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1880 Dec 4.

[4]the greater number would have omitted the “roughing”, which is the spirit of it, as only thus can the loveliest be seen. They spoke warmly of you, & rehearsed your sayings and doings until it seemed almost as if you were present. That grand illumination you gave us of the Silver firs, was admired to even your heart’s content, if Dr Gray did teaze you about it at the time! I received a precious little package of flowers from E. O. Pelton, Brownsville Yuba Co, a few days since. So some of the flowers were those promised me by Miss Peltham, I conclude Miss Peltham is Pelton, and I am mistaken in thinking you called her “Sarah”, and did not understand her name, when thinking it Peltham. I have written E. O. Pelton as if she really is the same I know. Hope it is not a mistake. Remember me cordially to Mrs Muir, whom I trust soon to meet. Can you not arrange to visit us this spring? [illegible], & believe me, as Ever, Yours Truly A.K.B.[at top page 1: P.S. This was not mailed o[illegible] to news recd of the dying of Henry Bidwell; and afterward because of the illness & death of Mrs Kennedy’s father. Dr Wayland was buried Wednesday of this week. Was ill two weeks with Pneumonia.Annie K. Bidwell][1]Rancho Chico Dec. 4th 1880 Dear Mr Muir.I owe you many apologies for not having returned you the pamphlet you so kindly lent me “for six months”, and not thanking you for the one so kindly sent me the past Summer, during my visit East. I was very sick before going East and could not then write you, and all Summer I hoped for time, but it came not, so many visits and calls had to be made. Mamma and I spent six weeks traveling! We visited Cape May, Newport, Boston, Pittsfield, Saratoga, Niagara Falls, Buffalo, Meadville [(Penna.)?] Lake George, and Ellenville N.Y. The latter place had been unknown to us, even by name, until we visited a dear friend there; so were amazed at the grand scenery, elegant drives, & delightful air. It is in sight of the Catskill Mount-https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/35776/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1881 Dec 21.

Rancho Chico,Dec. 21st,1881.Dear Mr. Muir:Last summer, during your absence in polar regions, I received a note from Genl. Alvord, a friend of Prof. Butler\u27s, asking me to forward you the enclosed slip, as he could not ascertain your address in the East.I sent, in reply, your parting note to us, asking Genl. Alvord to forward it to Prof. Butler, as your address would thus be given him, and the news of your little daughter\u27s advent.Ever since, I have intended writing you, but postponed so doing, ever hoping for the leisure moment, which never will come. but has to be forced. I also have that article of yours on Mountain Sculpture, which I will send when you tell me how. I fear trusting it to the Post office without your order, and have hoped to have taken it some time, when General and I could drop in on you! I forgot it when General visited you.General reported the babe a beauty.He does not usually admire babes, but said yours was a beautiful lovely babe. He regretted being so hurried in his visit that he had so little opportunity to become acquainted with Mrs. Muir; but next spring we wish you and Mrs. Muir and the babe to make us a visit.I am thinking of going East on Jan. 3d, for a short visit, to take Guy Kennedy, as my parents are so urgent for me to do so.But expect to return before spring fairly sets in.We had such a charming visit from Dr. Parry and Prof. Hilgard, and afterward from Dr. and Mrs. Parry, of which you have learned, but I can not resist telling you again, as it is a pleasure to recall their visit, again and again.We were truly glad you returned so soon from the land of ice and death, and hope your appetite has been appeased for the present.I am so busy preparing for Christmas that I can scarcely rest a moment, as I am director for Christmas eve, for our Sabbath School, and we have begun preparations in the Pavilion, where we are to have our celebration.The tableaux are to be sacred, with angels, etc. Also I have many other duties.Please remember me cordially to Mrs. Muir, and with wishes for a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year for you, and wife and little one, believe me,Ever sincerely yours, Annie K. Bidwell.https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/36234/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1879 May 17.

https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/35148/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Annie K[ennedy] Bidwell to John Muir, 1880 Dec 4.

[4]the greater number would have omitted the “roughing”, which is the spirit of it, as only thus can the loveliest be seen. They spoke warmly of you, & rehearsed your sayings and doings until it seemed almost as if you were present. That grand illumination you gave us of the Silver firs, was admired to even your heart’s content, if Dr Gray did teaze you about it at the time! I received a precious little package of flowers from E. O. Pelton, Brownsville Yuba Co, a few days since. So some of the flowers were those promised me by Miss Peltham, I conclude Miss Peltham is Pelton, and I am mistaken in thinking you called her “Sarah”, and did not understand her name, when thinking it Peltham. I have written E. O. Pelton as if she really is the same I know. Hope it is not a mistake. Remember me cordially to Mrs Muir, whom I trust soon to meet. Can you not arrange to visit us this spring? [illegible], & believe me, as Ever, Yours Truly A.K.B.[at top page 1: P.S. This was not mailed o[illegible] to news recd of the dying of Henry Bidwell; and afterward because of the illness & death of Mrs Kennedy’s father. Dr Wayland was buried Wednesday of this week. Was ill two weeks with Pneumonia.Annie K. Bidwell][1]Rancho Chico Dec. 4th 1880 Dear Mr Muir.I owe you many apologies for not having returned you the pamphlet you so kindly lent me “for six months”, and not thanking you for the one so kindly sent me the past Summer, during my visit East. I was very sick before going East and could not then write you, and all Summer I hoped for time, but it came not, so many visits and calls had to be made. Mamma and I spent six weeks traveling! We visited Cape May, Newport, Boston, Pittsfield, Saratoga, Niagara Falls, Buffalo, Meadville [(Penna.)?] Lake George, and Ellenville N.Y. The latter place had been unknown to us, even by name, until we visited a dear friend there; so were amazed at the grand scenery, elegant drives, & delightful air. It is in sight of the Catskill Mount-https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/35776/thumbnail.jp