3,780 research outputs found
Whole body interaction
In this workshop we explore the notation of whole body interaction. We bring together different disciplines to create a new research direction for study of this emerging form of interaction
Emission-aware Energy Storage Scheduling for a Greener Grid
Reducing our reliance on carbon-intensive energy sources is vital for
reducing the carbon footprint of the electric grid. Although the grid is seeing
increasing deployments of clean, renewable sources of energy, a significant
portion of the grid demand is still met using traditional carbon-intensive
energy sources. In this paper, we study the problem of using energy storage
deployed in the grid to reduce the grid's carbon emissions. While energy
storage has previously been used for grid optimizations such as peak shaving
and smoothing intermittent sources, our insight is to use distributed storage
to enable utilities to reduce their reliance on their less efficient and most
carbon-intensive power plants and thereby reduce their overall emission
footprint. We formulate the problem of emission-aware scheduling of distributed
energy storage as an optimization problem, and use a robust optimization
approach that is well-suited for handling the uncertainty in load predictions,
especially in the presence of intermittent renewables such as solar and wind.
We evaluate our approach using a state of the art neural network load
forecasting technique and real load traces from a distribution grid with 1,341
homes. Our results show a reduction of >0.5 million kg in annual carbon
emissions -- equivalent to a drop of 23.3% in our electric grid emissions.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure, This paper will appear in the Proceedings of the
ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems (e-Energy 20) June
2020, Australi
Abelian functions associated with a cyclic tetragonal curve of genus six
We develop the theory of Abelian functions defined using a tetragonal curve of genus six, discussing in detail the cyclic curve y^4 = x^5 + λ[4]x^4 + λ[3]x^3 + λ[2]x^2 + λ[1]x + λ[0]. We construct Abelian functions using the multivariate sigma-function associated with the curve, generalizing the theory of theWeierstrass℘-function.
We demonstrate that such functions can give a solution to the KP-equation, outlining how a general class of solutions could be generated using a wider class of curves. We also present the associated partial differential equations
satisfied by the functions, the solution of the Jacobi inversion problem, a power series expansion for σ(u) and a new addition formula
Dynamics of gene expression and the regulatory inference problem
From the response to external stimuli to cell division and death, the
dynamics of living cells is based on the expression of specific genes at
specific times. The decision when to express a gene is implemented by the
binding and unbinding of transcription factor molecules to regulatory DNA.
Here, we construct stochastic models of gene expression dynamics and test them
on experimental time-series data of messenger-RNA concentrations. The models
are used to infer biophysical parameters of gene transcription, including the
statistics of transcription factor-DNA binding and the target genes controlled
by a given transcription factor.Comment: revised version to appear in Europhys. Lett., new titl
The Potential and Challenges of CAD with Equational Constraints for SC-Square
Cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) is a core algorithm within Symbolic
Computation, particularly for quantifier elimination over the reals and
polynomial systems solving more generally. It is now finding increased
application as a decision procedure for Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT)
solvers when working with non-linear real arithmetic. We discuss the potentials
from increased focus on the logical structure of the input brought by the SMT
applications and SC-Square project, particularly the presence of equational
constraints. We also highlight the challenges for exploiting these: primitivity
restrictions, well-orientedness questions, and the prospect of incrementality.Comment: Accepted into proceedings of MACIS 201
Is glycaemic control associated with dietary patterns independent of weight change in people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes?:Prospective analysis of the Early-ACTivity-In-Diabetes trial.
BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether diet affects glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D), over and above its effects on bodyweight. We aimed to assess whether changes in dietary patterns altered glycaemic control independently of effects on bodyweight in newly diagnosed T2D. METHODS: We used data from 4-day food diaries, HbA1c and potential confounders in participants of the Early-ACTivity-In-Diabetes trial measured at 0, 6 and 12 months. At baseline, a ‘carb/fat balance’ dietary pattern and an ‘obesogenic’ dietary pattern were derived using reduced-rank regression, based on hypothesised nutrient-mediated mechanisms linking dietary intake to glycaemia directly or via obesity. Relationships between 0 and 6 month change in dietary pattern scores and baseline-adjusted HbA1c at 6 months (n = 242; primary outcome) were assessed using multivariable linear regression. Models were repeated for periods 6–12 months and 0–12 months (n = 194 and n = 214 respectively; secondary outcomes). RESULTS: Reductions over 0–6 months were observed in mean bodyweight (− 2.3 (95% CI: − 2.7, − 1.8) kg), body mass index (− 0.8 (− 0.9, − 0.6) kg/m(2)), energy intake (− 788 (− 953, − 624) kJ/day), and HbA1c (− 1.6 (− 2.6, -0.6) mmol/mol). Weight loss strongly associated with lower HbA1c at 0–6 months (β = − 0.70 [95% CI − 0.95, − 0.45] mmol/mol/kg lost). Average fat and carbohydrate intakes changed to be more in-line with UK healthy eating guidelines between 0 and 6 months. Dietary patterns shifting carbohydrate intakes higher and fat intakes lower were characterised by greater consumption of fresh fruit, low-fat milk and boiled/baked potatoes and eating less of higher-fat processed meats, butter/animal fats and red meat. Increases in standardised ‘carb/fat balance’ dietary pattern score associated with improvements in HbA1c at 6 months independent of weight loss (β = − 1.54 [− 2.96, − 0.13] mmol/mol/SD). No evidence of association with HbA1c was found for this dietary pattern at other time-periods. Decreases in ‘obesogenic’ dietary pattern score were associated with weight loss (β = − 0.77 [− 1.31, − 0.23] kg/SD) but not independently with HbA1c during any period. CONCLUSIONS: Promoting weight loss should remain the primary nutritional strategy for improving glycaemic control in early T2D. However, improving dietary patterns to bring carbohydrate and fat intakes closer to UK guidelines may provide small, additional improvements in glycaemic control. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN92162869. Retrospectively registered on 25 July 2005 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12916-022-02358-5
Going places
Journeys. We all make them. Often they take us to exotic places. Sometimes they take us even further. They might take us through time. Or they might take us into a new way of life. There are times too, when we go all over the world and back again only to find that home is, after all, where it’s all happening.
This book contains stories about many different types of journey. We hope you will enjoy travelling into it and finding a world that suits you
Comparing machine learning models to choose the variable ordering for cylindrical algebraic decomposition
There has been recent interest in the use of machine learning (ML) approaches
within mathematical software to make choices that impact on the computing
performance without affecting the mathematical correctness of the result. We
address the problem of selecting the variable ordering for cylindrical
algebraic decomposition (CAD), an important algorithm in Symbolic Computation.
Prior work to apply ML on this problem implemented a Support Vector Machine
(SVM) to select between three existing human-made heuristics, which did better
than anyone heuristic alone. The present work extends to have ML select the
variable ordering directly, and to try a wider variety of ML techniques.
We experimented with the NLSAT dataset and the Regular Chains Library CAD
function for Maple 2018. For each problem, the variable ordering leading to the
shortest computing time was selected as the target class for ML. Features were
generated from the polynomial input and used to train the following ML models:
k-nearest neighbours (KNN) classifier, multi-layer perceptron (MLP), decision
tree (DT) and SVM, as implemented in the Python scikit-learn package. We also
compared these with the two leading human constructed heuristics for the
problem: Brown's heuristic and sotd. On this dataset all of the ML approaches
outperformed the human made heuristics, some by a large margin.Comment: Accepted into CICM 201
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