Social Science Data Archives: Case Studies in Data Sustainability

There has been a sizeable investment in the development of large-scale data and appropriate infrastructures in the physical and biological sciences and increasingly in the social sciences and humanities. Concerns about data sustainability have attracted a great deal of attention as research project data collection represents a significant investment, and loss of subsequent use of that data represents a loss of potential value. In this poster, we focus on of the most long-lived examples of data archives: Social Science Data Archives (SSDAs). In this study, we report on preliminary research on the historical, institutional, and operational dimensions over SSDAs over time. Drawing upon analyses of institutional and policy documents and interviews with staff, depositors, and administrators, this poster briefly discusses current challenges to SSDA longevity and implications for next steps in expanding the study both theoretically and methodologically. Initial themes discussed in this poster include data archives making a market for themselves, configuring their products and their user base and ongoing tensions between the need to generate revenue and pressure for open access data.publishedye

Histamine: A promoter of xanthine oxidase activity in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion

Xanthine oxidase (XO)-derived oxygen radicals are thought to play an important role in the intestinal injury resulting from ischemia and reperfusion. In vitro data shows enhanced XO activity in the presence of histamine. Histamine is known to be released during intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between histamine and XO in vivo in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Using an established model of gut ischemia and reperfusion, portal venous plasma was obtained and assayed for histamine levels, XO activity, and xanthine dehydrogenase (XD) activity following injury. Intestinal ischemia for 120 minutes resulted in a 200% increase in plasma histamine levels (263.4 +/- 36.9 nmol/mL control, v 548.7 +/- 35.1 nmol/mL experimental, P 2- per milliliter per minute v 3.12 +/- 0.25 nmol O2- per milliliter per minute, P 2- per milliliter per minute). Analysis of XD activity demonstrated no significant decrease compared with controls until 120 minutes of ischemia and 60 minutes of reperfusion (1.62 +/- 0.49 nmol uric acid per milliliter per minute at 60 minutes of reperfusion, versus 5.02 +/- 0.52 nmol uric acid per milliliter per minute control, P < .05). These data suggest that enhanced XO activity due to calcium and protease-dependent conversion from XD results relatively late in the course of this ischemia/reperfusion injury, after the histamine-associated early increase in plasma XO activity. In summary, intestinal ischemia followed by reperfusion results in parallel elevations of plasma histamine and XO activity. The early increase in XO activity is independent of conversion from XD but is temporally related to elevations in plasma histamine. These data suggest a role for histamine as a pathogenic mediator of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28738/1/0000566.pd