Dual-comb spectroscopy using free-running mechanical sharing dual-comb fiber lasers

We demonstrate balanced-detection dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) using two free-running mechanical sharing dual-comb fiber lasers assisted by an all-computational digital phase correction algorithm. The mutual coherence between the combs allows us perform mode-resolved spectroscopy of gaseous hydrogen cyanide by digitally compensating residual timing and offset frequency fluctuations of the dual-comb signal. Setting the repetition rate difference between the combs to 500 Hz (1.5 kHz) yields more than 2000 resolved radio frequency comb lines after phase correction in a 3-dB bandwidth centered at 1560 nm of wavelength. Through coadding the corrected interferograms (IGMs), we obtain a single time-domain trace with a SNR of 6378 (13960) and 12.64 (13.77) bits of dynamic range in 1 second of averaging. The spectral SNR of the coadded trace reaches 529 (585), corresponding to a figure of merit of SNR of 1.3$\times$10$^6$ (1.4$\times$10$^6$). The measured absorption spectrum of hydrogen cyanide agrees well with the HITRAN database.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

OryzaExpress: An Integrated Database of Gene Expression Networks and Omics Annotations in Rice

Similarity of gene expression profiles provides important clues for understanding the biological functions of genes, biological processes and metabolic pathways related to genes. A gene expression network (GEN) is an ideal choice to grasp such expression profile similarities among genes simultaneously. For GEN construction, the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) has been widely used as an index to evaluate the similarities of expression profiles for gene pairs. However, calculation of PCCs for all gene pairs requires large amounts of both time and computer resources. Based on correspondence analysis, we developed a new method for GEN construction, which takes minimal time even for large-scale expression data with general computational circumstances. Moreover, our method requires no prior parameters to remove sample redundancies in the data set. Using the new method, we constructed rice GENs from large-scale microarray data stored in a public database. We then collected and integrated various principal rice omics annotations in public and distinct databases. The integrated information contains annotations of genome, transcriptome and metabolic pathways. We thus developed the integrated database OryzaExpress for browsing GENs with an interactive and graphical viewer and principal omics annotations (http://riceball.lab.nig.ac.jp/oryzaexpress/). With integration of Arabidopsis GEN data from ATTED-II, OryzaExpress also allows us to compare GENs between rice and Arabidopsis. Thus, OryzaExpress is a comprehensive rice database that exploits powerful omics approaches from all perspectives in plant science and leads to systems biology

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

4. Design of Target Fabrication and Injection System(<Special Topic Article>Conceptual Design of the Fast Ignition Laser Fusion Power Plant (KOYO-Fast))

高速点火方式によるレーザー核融合発電所KOYO-Fastの燃料ターゲット供給系について,最近の研究成果を基に概念設計を示す.大量生産方式による燃料の充填法,炉への投入,トラッキングの現状,極低温ターゲットを供給するのに必要な冷却パワー等を検討し,実現に向けての課題を述べる

A new radiation shielding block material for radiation therapy

In recent years, lead has been recognized as a source of environmental pollution; this includes lead use for radiation shielding in radiotherapy. We looked for a new material which could be a lead substitute. We chose a material composed of tungsten and resin. We compared attenuation coefficient of the material with those of lead and Lipowitz\u27s metal, and found the material had a higher attenuation coefficient than the other two had. The material may be used as a substitute for lead because it is easy to fabricate and friendly to the environment

Interlaboratory comparison on Tooth Enamel Dosimetary on Semipalatinsk Region:Part 2, Effect of Spectra Processing Pocesedure

Interlaboratory comparison in Tooth Enamel Dosimetry on Semipalatinsk Region:Part2,Effect of Spectra Processing Procedure\nA.Inannikov(1.16)S.Toyoda(2)M.Hoshi(3)K.Zhumadilov(3)A.Fukumra(4)K.Apsalikov(5)Zh.S.Zhumadilov(6)S.Bayankin(7) V.Chumak(8)B.Clesielski(9)V.De Coste(10)S. Endo(3)P.Fattibene(13)A.Romanyukha(12)A.B.Rukhin(13)K.Schultka(9)T.A.Seredavina(13)S.Sholom(8)V.Skvortsov(1)V.Stepanenko(1)K.Tnanaka(3)F.Trompier(14)A.Wieser(15)G.Wolakiewicz(9)\n(1) Medical Radiological Reserch Center, Obninsk,Russi(2) Okayama University of Science,okayama, Japan(3) Research Insuitute for Radiation Biology and Medicinem Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan(4) National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan(5) Research Institute of Radiation Medicene and Hygiere, Semipalatinsk,Kazakhstan(6) Semipalatinsk State Medical Academy,Semipalatinsk,Kazahkstan(7) Institute of Metal Physics, Ekaterinburg,Russia(8) Insutitute is:Scietific Center for REadiation Medicene,Kiev,Ukraine(9) Medical University of Gdansk,Gdansk,Poland(10) Istituto Superiore di Sanita and Istituto Nazional di Fisica Nucleare,Rome, Itary(11) Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk,Belarus(12) Uniformed Service University of Health Sciences,Betheda,USA(13) Institute of Nuclear Physics of National Nuclear Center of Kazakhstan,Almaly Kazakhstan(14) Institut de Radioprotectionet Surete Nucaleare,Fontenary-aux-roses,France(15) GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health,Institute of Radiation Protection,Neuherberg,Germany\n(16) Corresponding auther ivann`mail.ru\nIn order to reveal effect of the EPR sectra processing procedure applied to spectra measured in different conditions, spectra of the same enamel samples measured in different laboratories were distributed among other participants of the intercomparison. Spectra measured in different laboratories are pocessed for dose determination by some of participants using their procedures. Among the samples there were samples irradiated in known doses(calibration samples)and samples irradiated in doses unknown by participants (testing samples). As criterion of quality of the spectra processing mean square deviation of radiation-induced signal intensity from the regression line of dosee dependence is used for the calibration samples and mean square deviation between experimantal and nominal doses for the testing sampels. Analysis of the results of dose determination obtrained with the use fo the same spectra processing procedures applied to spectra measuted in different laboratories will be presented.The 2nd　Interenational Conference on Biodosimetry and 7th International Symposium on EPR Dosimetry and App