3,333 research outputs found
Lorentz Invariant Superluminal Tunneling
It is shown that superluminal optical signalling is possible without
violating Lorentz invariance and causality via tunneling through photonic band
gaps in inhomogeneous dielectrics of a special kind.Comment: 10 pages revtex, no figure, more discussions added, submitted to
Phys. Rev.
Hyperfine Structure Constants for Eu Isotopes: Is The Empirical Formula of HFS Anomaly Universal ?
We calculate the hyperfine structure constant for the Eu isotopes with shell
model wave functions. The calculated results are compared with those predicted
by the Moskowitz-Lombardi (M-L) empirical formula. It turns out that the two
approaches give the very different behaviors of the hfs constants in the
isotope dependence. This should be easily measured by experiment, which may
lead to the universality check of the M-L formula.Comment: 18 pages, Latex, two figure
g-factor of a tightly bound electron
We study the hyperfine splitting of an electron in hydrogen-like . It is found that the hfs energy splitting can be explained well by
considering the g-factor reduction due to the binding effect of a bound
electron. We determine for the first time the experimental value of the
magnetic moment of a tightly bound electron.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, Phys. Rev. A in pres
Small Corrections to the Tunneling Phase Time Formulation
After reexamining the above barrier diffusion problem where we notice that
the wave packet collision implies the existence of {\em multiple} reflected and
transmitted wave packets, we analyze the way of obtaining phase times for
tunneling/reflecting particles in a particular colliding configuration where
the idea of multiple peak decomposition is recovered. To partially overcome the
analytical incongruities which frequently rise up when the stationary phase
method is adopted for computing the (tunneling) phase time expressions, we
present a theoretical exercise involving a symmetrical collision between two
identical wave packets and a unidimensional squared potential barrier where the
scattered wave packets can be recomposed by summing the amplitudes of
simultaneously reflected and transmitted wave components so that the conditions
for applying the stationary phase principle are totally recovered. Lessons
concerning the use of the stationary phase method are drawn.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure
Hyperfine Anomaly of Be Isotopes and Anomalous Large Anomaly in Be
A new result of investigations of the hyperfine structure (hfs) anomaly in Be
isotopes is presented. The hfs constant for Be is obtained by using the
core plus neutron type wave function: . A large hfs anomaly of Be is found, which is mainly due
to a large radius of the halo single particle state.Comment: 14 pages, Late
Scissors mode and superfluidity of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensed gas
We investigate the oscillation of a dilute atomic gas generated by a sudden
rotation of the confining trap (scissors mode). This oscillation reveals the
effects of superfluidity exhibited by a Bose-Einstein condensate. The scissors
mode is investigated also in a classical gas above T_c in various collisional
regimes. The crucial difference with respect to the superfluid case arises from
the occurence of low frequency components, which are responsible for the rigid
value of the moment of inertia. Different experimental procedures to excite the
scissors mode are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Terrorism and social media: global evidence
The study assesses the relationship between terrorism and social media from a cross section of 148 countries with data for the year 2012. The empirical evidence is based on Ordinary Least Squares, Negative Binomial and Quantile regressions. The main finding is that there is a positive relationship between social media in terms of Facebook penetration and terrorism. The positive relationship is driven by below-median quantiles of terrorism. In other words, countries in which existing levels of terrorism are low are more significantly associated with a positive Facebook-terrorism nexus. The established positive relationship is confirmed from other externalities of terrorism: terrorism fatalities, terrorism incidents, terrorism injuries and terrorism-related property damages. The terrorism externalities are constituents of the composite dependent variable
Negative group delay for Dirac particles traveling through a potential well
The properties of group delay for Dirac particles traveling through a
potential well are investigated. A necessary condition is put forward for the
group delay to be negative. It is shown that this negative group delay is
closely related to its anomalous dependence on the width of the potential well.
In order to demonstrate the validity of stationary-phase approach, numerical
simulations are made for Gaussian-shaped temporal wave packets. A restriction
to the potential-well's width is obtained that is necessary for the wave packet
to remain distortionless in the travelling. Numerical comparison shows that the
relativistic group delay is larger than its corresponding non-relativistic one.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Classic and spatial shift-share analysis of state-level employment change in Brazil
This paper combines classic and spatial shift-share decompositions of 1981 to 2006 employment change across the 27 states of Brazil. The classic shift-share method shows higher employment growth rates for underdeveloped regions that are due to an advantageous industry-mix and also due to additional job creation, commonly referred to as the competitive effect. Alternative decompositions proposed in the literature do not change this broad conclusion. Further examination employing exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) shows spatial correlation of both the industry-mix and the competitive effects. Considering that until the 1960s economic activities were more concentrated in southern regions of Brazil than they are nowadays, these results support beta convergence theories but also find evidence of agglomeration effects. Additionally, a very simple spatial decomposition is proposed that accounts for the spatially-weighted growth of surrounding states. Favourable growth in northern and centre-western states is basically associated with those statesâ strengths in potential spatial spillover effect and in spatial competitive effect
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