Couplage aérothermique et simulation de refroidissement par jet

Une méthode de couplage aérothermique développée pour des applications instationnaires est implémentée dans CEDRE, la plateforme de calcul de l'ONERA dédiée aux simulations multi-physiques d'écoulement en énergétique. Un premier cas de calcul d'intérêt industriel est présenté : une configuration de refroidissement de matériau par jet dédié, représentative de ventilations pouvant être utilisées notamment dans les cavités nacelles des moteurs d'avion. La comparaison avec l'expérience est tout à fait satifaisante et met en évidence l'importance de la précision des calculs effectués avec les deux solveurs couplés

Music/fast, a pre-design and pre-mission analysis tool for the earth atmospheric re-entry of spacecraft, capsules and de-orbited satellites

The paper proposes an overview of the physical models developed/selected and implemented in the ONERA aerothermodynamic (ATD) engineering code FAST. This tool is used to quickly determine the pressure and heat flux surface distribution at the wall, as well as aerodynamic forces and moments coefficients in hypersonic regime for free-molecular, transitional and continuum flows, for realistic designs of space vehicles ranging from capsules to spacecrafts and for generic shapes of orbital debris as well. An original feature of the approach is that geometrical components of the object are not separately processed but are investigated by a global method taking into account geometrical effects and flow history (shadow regions, surface heat flux propagation). Several application cases are displayed to rely on the engineering approach: ARD and AOTV capsules, Pre-X (an IXV-like vehicle) and CubeSat (a debris-like single object). The given results have been analysed by comparison with experimental and CFD data. The limits of the approach are discussed, paving the way for future developments

Large negative lateral shifts due to negative refraction

When a thin structure in which negative refraction occurs (a metallo-dielectric or a photonic crystal) is illuminated by a beam, the reflected and transmitted beam can undergo a large negative lateral shift. This phenomenon can be seen as an interferential enhancement of the geometrical shift and can be considered as a signature of negative refraction

Opioid-Induced Constipation and Bowel Dysfunction:A Clinical Guideline

OBJECTIVE:  To formulate timely evidence-based guidelines for the management of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. SETTING:  Constipation is a major untoward effect of opioids. Increasing prescription of opioids has correlated to increased incidence of opioid-induced constipation. However, the inhibitory effects of opioids are not confined to the colon, but also affect higher segments of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to the coining of the term "opioid-induced bowel dysfunction." METHODS:  A literature search was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, and EMBASE Classic, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Predefined search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria were used to identify and categorize relevant papers. A series of statements were formulated and justified by a comment, then labeled with the degree of agreement and their level of evidence as judged by the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) system. RESULTS:  From a list of 10,832 potentially relevant studies, 33 citations were identified for review. Screening the reference lists of the pertinent papers identified additional publications. Current definitions, prevalence, and mechanism of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction were reviewed, and a treatment algorithm and statements regarding patient management were developed to provide guidance on clinical best practice in the management of patients with opioid-induced constipation and opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS:  In recent years, more insight has been gained in the pathophysiology of this "entity"; new treatment approaches have been developed, but guidelines on clinical best practice are still lacking. Current knowledge is insufficient regarding management of the opioid side effects on the upper gastrointestinal tract, but recommendations can be derived from what we know at present

Documents en hourrite alphabétique découverts à Ras Shamra

Laroche Emmanuel. Documents en hourrite alphabétique découverts à Ras Shamra. In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 107ᵉ année, N. 2, 1963. pp. 152-155

Un point d'histoire : Ulmi-Teššub

Laroche Emmanuel. Un point d'histoire : Ulmi-Teššub. In: Revue hittite et asianique, 8e année, fascicule 48, 1947. pp. 40-48

Edzard Johan Furnée, Die wichtigsten konsonantischen Erscheinungen des Vorgriechischen (mit einem Appendix über Vokalismus), La Haye, Mouton ed., 1972

Laroche Emmanuel. Edzard Johan Furnée, Die wichtigsten konsonantischen Erscheinungen des Vorgriechischen (mit einem Appendix über Vokalismus), La Haye, Mouton ed., 1972. In: Revue hittite et asianique, Tome 30, 1972. pp. 139-141

Textes mythologiques hittites en transcription, 2e partie : Mythologie d’origine étrangère

Laroche Emmanuel. Textes mythologiques hittites en transcription, 2e partie : Mythologie d’origine étrangère. In: Revue hittite et asianique, 26e année, fascicule 82, 1968. pp. 5-90