Determination of apoptotic effects of clinoptilolite on human T lymphocytes

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute Of Technology, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, İzmir, 2008Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 23-26)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishviii, 26 leavesZeolites are defined as aluminum silicates that have made up of oxygen, aluminum and silicon. SiO4 and Alo4 tetrahedrals are the smallest units that give the specific shape to the molecule. There are more than 40 types of natural and over 150 types of synthetic zeolites occurs and those zeolites are used in agriculture, animal husbandry, architecture, pharmaceuticals and metallurgy. Recent years in literature it was shown that these zeolites can have regulatory effects on immune system. Also it was shown that they can influence the development of cancer and have a role on the expression of tumor suppressor genes. However there is no evidence can be found on how these molecules affect the function of specific cell types in the molecular level and also the mechanism of this effect.In this study the apoptotic effects of clinoptilolite which is a natural zeolite found in Gördes region of Turkey, on human T lymphocytes were studied. T cells were chosen in this study because they are the main players in the immune system. These cells can establish immune regulation and organize immune response. As a result, they are important in pathology and therapy. Peripheral blood mono nuclear cells (PBMCs) in which T cells can be found were isolated from the healthy donors blood by Ficoll Hypaque Gradient Method and then these cells were incubated with clinoptilolite in the RPMI 1640 media. Apoptosis were measured in FacsArray after appropriate immunofluorescent labeling and by agarose electrophoresis technique after DNA fragmentation assay done

Optimization of extraction conditions for active components in equisetum arvense extract

Response surface methodology was applied to predict optimum conditions for equisetum arvense extraction. Central composite design was used to monitor the effects of temperature, stirring speed, ethanol percent, extraction time, solid-liquid ratio on dependent variables such as, extract yield percent, total phenol content, total antioxidant capacity, silicic acid amount. According to the mathematical models obtained from the analysis, the highest values for yield percent, total phenol content, total antioxidant capacity and silicic acid amount were found to be 18.67 %, 123 mg gallic acid gr-1 dry weight extract, 1608 μM TEAC mg-1 dry weight extract and 0.0049 mg silicic acid mg-1 dry weight extract, respectively. The plant extracts were analyzed with HPLC to determine the phenolic content and compositional differences of extracts obtained at different extraction conditions. Plant extracts were also analyzed for their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. The high total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content resulted in an increased cytotoxic effect on fibroblast cells. Equisetum arvense extracts showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli bacteria, however showed no effect against Candida albicans. © 2013 University of Bucharest

Determination of apoptotic effects of clinoptilolite on human T lymphocytes

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute Of Technology, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, İzmir, 2008Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 23-26)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishviii, 26 leavesZeolites are defined as aluminum silicates that have made up of oxygen, aluminum and silicon. SiO4 and Alo4 tetrahedrals are the smallest units that give the specific shape to the molecule. There are more than 40 types of natural and over 150 types of synthetic zeolites occurs and those zeolites are used in agriculture, animal husbandry, architecture, pharmaceuticals and metallurgy. Recent years in literature it was shown that these zeolites can have regulatory effects on immune system. Also it was shown that they can influence the development of cancer and have a role on the expression of tumor suppressor genes. However there is no evidence can be found on how these molecules affect the function of specific cell types in the molecular level and also the mechanism of this effect.In this study the apoptotic effects of clinoptilolite which is a natural zeolite found in Gördes region of Turkey, on human T lymphocytes were studied. T cells were chosen in this study because they are the main players in the immune system. These cells can establish immune regulation and organize immune response. As a result, they are important in pathology and therapy. Peripheral blood mono nuclear cells (PBMCs) in which T cells can be found were isolated from the healthy donors blood by Ficoll Hypaque Gradient Method and then these cells were incubated with clinoptilolite in the RPMI 1640 media. Apoptosis were measured in FacsArray after appropriate immunofluorescent labeling and by agarose electrophoresis technique after DNA fragmentation assay done

Development and Characterization of Silk Fibroin-based Oral Films Containing Turmeric Extract as Dietary Supplement

Dietary supplements have extreme importance. Due to the easily degradable nature of these supplements, the development and application of carrier systems in food technologies seem to be extremely important. Today, oral film technologies have gained importance due to their rapid and high absorption properties. This study chose silk fibroin (SF) as the main component due to its high biocompatibility. Turmeric extract has been added to the oral films as an active agent. The prepared films were analyzed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to reveal their morphological properties, and at the same time, the film thickness was measured. It has been found that the increase in extract amount is a factor that causes an increase in film roughness while causing a decrease in phase separation. It was observed that the film roughness increased twice with the addition of extract. The roughness of the films formed with 15% extract was measured as 28.5. The average roughness of the films formed without the use of extracts was observed as 15.7 mm. It was also observed that the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was doubled for films containing 15% turmeric extract after one hour of release. The films exhibited different weight loss profiles after release as the amount of turmeric extract was changed. Disc diffusion experiments revealed that films containing turmeric extract exhibited antimicrobial effects

Public Health - Urban Landscaping Relationship and User's Perceptions

This paper focuses on landscape features which make it possible for people to be healthy physically and psychologically and connected socially. The research is based upon a questionnaire, observation and related literature. The questionnaire design consists of questions which would identify people preferred choice of the outside places (to overcome stress, bring peace of mind and relaxation). It also questions what is the people opinion and expectations about the design elements which are placed in the outside places. For this reason, this questionnaire was given to different social groups (age, gender etc.) in Ankara, Turkey in order that their opinion and expectations about the design features of landscape places (especially parks, streets, open space, shopping centers) where they voluntarily spent their time in their daily life are distinguished. This work considers generally the urban area design which encourages the physical activities in urban life as well as its preventing elements. It considers which elements support the individual, psychological health, which elements are a powerfully support for social connection, and result in positive effects on urban life

Trypsin ve Equisetum arvense özütü arasındaki etkileşimin kinetik ve yapısal karakterizasyonu

Objective: In this study the inhibitory effect of E. arvense extract on trypsin activity and the effect of trypsin on E. arvense extract were studied. In addition the nature of the interaction between the extract and trypsin was investigated. Methods: The inhibitory effect ethanol extract of E. arvense on trypsin activity was determined using trypsin enzyme assay. The structural effects of the extract-trypsin interaction for the extract were analyzed by FTIR. Finally, the HPLC analyses were carried out to analyze the individual components of the extract and the supernatant and soluble precipitate phases. Results: E. arvense extract was found to decrease total percent activity of trypsin to 5% in 24 hour at 24 °C. FTIR analyses indicated that the interaction between trypsin and E. arvense extract caused changes in the structure and hydrogen bonding behavior and composition of the extract proteins. These interactions also caused the extract lipids to accumulate in the insoluble precipitate phase. Most of the phenolics remained in the supernatant phase enhancing the inactivation of trypsin. However, the precipitated compounds were shown to be of apolar in nature as shown in the HPLC chromatograms. Conclusion: The methods that were used showed that the high phenolic content of E. arvense was the main reason for the inhibition of trypsin enzyme activity by denaturing the enzyme.Amaç: E. arvense özütünün tripsin aktivitesi üzerinde ki engelleyici etkisinin ve de tripsinin özüt üzerinde ki etkisi bu çalışmada araştırılmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak ekstrakt ve tripsin arasında ki etkileşimin doğası araştırılmıştır. Metod: E. arvense bitkisinin etanol özütünün tripsin üzerinde ki engelleyici etkisi tripsin enzim analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Özüt tripsin etkileşiminin özüt üzerinde ki yapısal etkisi FTIR ile analizlenmiştir. Son olarak özütün, süpernetantın ve çözünebilir pelletin özgün bileşenlerin analizi ise HPLC ile belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: E. arvense özütünün total tripsin aktivitesini 24 °C sıcaklıkta ve 24 saat sonunda %5’e kadar düşürdüğü bulunmuştur. Yapılan FTIR analizleri ile tripsin ve E. arvense özütü arasındaki etkileşimin özüt proteinlerinin yapısında, kompozisyonunda ve hidrojen bağı yapma davranışında değişikliklere sebep olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu etkileşimler sebebiyle özütte bulunan lipidlerin çözünmez haldeki çökelti fazında toplandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca fenolik bileşiklerin çoğunluğunun süpernetant fazında bulunması sebebiyle tripsin inaktivasyonunu arttırdığı anlaşılmıştır. Ancak çökeltide ki bileşiklerin apolar yapıda olduğu HPLC koromotogramları ile gösterilmiştir.İYTE Scientific Research Council (BAP) project numbers 2008İYTE2

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Activities of Condensate from Rf-Vacuum Timber Drying Process in the Forestry Industry

WOS:000617870800007As the demand for dried timber has been increasing worldwide, drying of timbers is required to supply the demand in the manufacturing industries of furniture and other interior woodwork. During the drying process, some condensation will occur, resulting in liquids' emission, which requires disposal. in the liquid condensate, there are many substances at low concentrations that make their recovery uneconomic. After revealing the potential of the substances available in these condensates, biotechnological processes can be employed to produce high value-added products. This condensate contains tree sap, including proteins, enzymes, and many natural compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds. Thus, it is considered that these natural compounds might be beneficial in pharmaceutical applications. Natural compounds such as phenolic compounds are bioactive substances that have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. This study was aimed to characterize the condensate from the Rf-vacuum drying process of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), walnut (Juglans regia L.), and restharrow (Onosis arvensis L.) in terms of antioxidant capacity, total phenol content, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity. Obtained data revealed that condensates from the Rf-vacuum drying process inhibited the growth of both S. epidermidis and E. coli significantly