Time to complete the chair stand test (s) according to age groups and physical activity status.

<p>Physical performance, as assessed by the chair stand test, was similar from 18 to 40–44 years, and declined thereafter. Physically active participants showed better performance than sedentary people. Active 80+ participants showed the same performance of sedentary 65-year-old persons.</p

Characteristics of the study population according to physical activity^*.

<p>Characteristics of the study population according to physical activity^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0191820#t001fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Unadjusted and adjusted association [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] between types of physical activity and better performance on the chair stand test (lower than median value).

<p>Unadjusted and adjusted association [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] between types of physical activity and better performance on the chair stand test (lower than median value).</p

Expression levels of PLS predictive apoptotic signaling proteins in the two functional groups.

<p>Data are expressed in arbitrary optical density units.</p

Multivariate PLS regression of caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling proteins versus gait speed.

<p>(a) The regression yielded a 4-component model explaining 81.3% of the overall Y variance (Q² = 0.56). Black triangles correspond to low-functioning participants; grey squares represent high-functioning subjects. (b) Regression coefficients of apoptotic signaling proteins according to the Marten's uncertainty test. Significant variables are represented by grey bars. Error bars indicate uncertainty limits.</p

Multivariate PLS regression of caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling proteins versus percent muscle volume.

<p>(a) The regression yielded a 4-component model explaining 78.3% of the overall Y variance (Q² = 0.61). Black triangles correspond to low-functioning participants; grey squares represent high-functioning subjects. (b) Regression coefficients of apoptotic signaling proteins according to the Marten's uncertainty test. Significant variables are represented by grey bars. Error bars indicate uncertainty limits.</p

Protein expression levels of active caspase-8 and cytosolic cytochrome <i>c</i> according to the median of percent muscle volume.

<p>The content of active caspase-8 (a) and cytosolic cytochrome <i>c</i> (b) was higher in participants with percent muscle volume below (median −) the median value of the study sample (48.6%) relative to those with percent muscle volume above the median (median +). AU: arbitrary units.</p

Characteristics of study participants with complete muscle biochemistry data according to the level of physical performance (high vs. low).

<p>*includes hypertension, coronary artery disease, prior stroke, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and osteoarthritis.</p