LeGouez_PlosOne2016

Neonatal data from a cohort of children with esophageal atresia and their parents' psychological responses (PPQ and STAI questionnaires)

Flowchart of the participating mothers and fathers.

<p>Flowchart of the participating mothers and fathers.</p

Distribution of independent variables per PTSD status.

<p>Distribution of independent variables per PTSD status.</p

Baseline characteristics of the participants’ children compared with non-participants’.

<p>Baseline characteristics of the participants’ children compared with non-participants’.</p

Correlation between (A) parents’ PPQ score and parents’ STAI (anxiety) scores and correlation (B) between parents’ PPQ score and quality of life and global health status in children as reported by their parents, and the child’s age at the time of survey.

<p>Correlation between (A) parents’ PPQ score and parents’ STAI (anxiety) scores and correlation (B) between parents’ PPQ score and quality of life and global health status in children as reported by their parents, and the child’s age at the time of survey.</p

Parental psychological responses.

<p>Parental psychological responses.</p

Baseline characteristics of the 54 participating parents.

<p>Baseline characteristics of the 54 participating parents.</p

Astrocytes and pericytes phenotype in NHIR.

<p>P1 rat pups were injected with low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) or with the citrate buffer vehicle (CTL). <b>A–D</b>. Retinal flatmounts and sections of P6 CTL (A–B) and STZ (C–D) were co-stained using anti-collagen IV antibody and anti-GFAP antibody. <b>E–F</b> Retinal flatmounts of P6 CTL (E) and STZ (F) were co-stained using anti-collagen IV antibody and or anti-Ng2 antibody. <b>G–H</b>. STZ animals with hyperglycemia >400 mg/DL were co-stained using anti-collagen IV antibody and anti-Ng2 antibody. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI in A and C. Scale bar 50 µm in A–G, g and g′; 5 µm in E and F insets and H.</p

STZ leads to transient hyperglycemia without growth retardation in neonates.

<p>P1 rat pups were injected with low doses of streptozotocin in citrate buffer (STZ) or with the control vehicle (citrate buffer, CTL). <b>A</b>. Measurements of glycemia from P1 to P21 in both groups. The STZ group displayed a moderate increase in glycemia from P3 to P6, averaging 214 to 241 mg/dl (11.9–13.4 mmol/l). <b>B</b>. Insulin concentration in serum at P6 in control (white) and STZ treated (black) animals. The STZ group demonstrated a decreased level of insulin. <b>C</b>. Survival curve in STZ- and CTL-groups. Mortality was similar in both groups. <b>D</b>. Weight from P1 to P21 in STZ- and CTL-groups. Weight gain was not affected in STZ-injected animals when compared to control animals. Data in A and D were analyzed by a two-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post test. Data in B were analyzed by an unpaired t-test. Data in C were analyzed by a Log-rank test. * P<0.05.</p

Neuronal and Muller cell genesis in hyperglycemic animals.

<p><b>A–C</b>. Retinal sections of CTL and STZ-treated P6 rat pups were stained with various antibodies specific to neurons of the INL (A), photoreceptors cells (B) and glial cells (C) of the retina. <b>A</b>: INL neuron generation was not affected by hyperglycemia and similar patterns of staining (red) were observed in CTL and STZ animals for PKCα (bipolar cells), Ap2α (amacrine cells) and calretinin (CALR, horizontal cells). <b>B</b>. Photoreceptor generation was not affected by hyperglycemia and similar patterns of staining (red) were observed for peanut agglutinin (PNA, cones), Rho4D2 (R4D2, rods) in STZ P6 animals compared to CTL. <b>C</b>. Muller cells cell genesis was not affected by hyperglycemia when compared to CTL. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Scale bars 50 µm. GCL = ganglion cell layer; INL = inner nuclear layer; ONL = outer nuclear layer.</p