ABO blood group in Malagasy patients with cancer: which group predominates

The blood group of Malagasy patients with cancer have never been the subject of previous publications. Our objective was to determine the blood group of Malagasy patients with cancer followed in the Medical Oncology Unit of the Soavinandriana Teaching Hospital, Antananarivo. This was a one-year retrospective study (November 2012 to October 2013) in patients over the age of 15 with histological or pathological evidence of their cancer. One hundred and thirty of the 258 patients identified had an ABO blood group determination (50.39%). Among these 130 patients, 114 patients (87.69%) had solid tumors and 16 patients (12.31%) had hematologic malignancies. Thirty seven (28.49%) patients were transfused and 93 (71.54%) not transfused. There were 57 men and 73 women (sex ratio = 0.78), the average age was 55.11 +/- 14.76 years. With regard to their blood group, 52 patients (40%) were blood group B, 44 (33.84%) group O, 27 (20.76%) group A and 7 (5.38%) group AB. The order of blood group frequency of cancer patients in our series differs from other studies. This study has allowed us to know the proportion of each blood group in our Unit and thus help us in the management of stocks of labile blood products in our hospital

Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in the Hospital Environment: Threats for Health Professionals and Patients

Abstract: Introduction: The contamination of the environment by a micro-organism differs according to the establishment, the services and the care practiced. The main objective of this study is to identify bacteria in the hospital environment of the University Hospital Center of Anosiala that may be responsible of nosocomial infections.Methods: This is a prospective study realized at the Anosiala Teaching Hospital over a period of 2 weeks from 14 to 25 February 2018. The duration of the study was 4 months from February to May 2018.Results: 69 samples were taken from the 4 departments including the intensive care unit (ICU), the Pediatric Surgery Department, the emergency and the operating room. Of these samples, 48 (69,6%) samples were positive to the groups of germs studied (non aureus Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, enterobacteria, as well as non-fermentative bacteria from the environment) and 21 (30,43%) samples were negative. The service most concerned by the contamination was pediatric surgery followed by ICU and the operating room.Conclusion: Bacteria isolated from the environment of Anosiala show the importance of hygiene. Reinforced hygiene and cleaning measures will have to follow in order to reduce and eliminate these microorganisms in the context of hospital hygiene and the protection of patients or the staff against the acquisition of an infection hospital.Keywords: Bacteriology, environment, hospital hygiene, nosocomial infections, surface sampling

Intestinal Giardiasis at UPFR Parasitology-Mycology of CHU-JRA Antananarivo, Madagascar

Introduction: Giardiasis is an intestinal parasitosis extremely widespread in the world but under-diagnosed in Madagascar. It is often asymptomatic. It can be fatal due to intestinal malabsorption syndrome. This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological-clinical aspect of giardiasis in Antananarivo and to determine the relevance of prescribing the KAOP stool examination for its diagnosis.Materials and methods: We report the results of a retrospective study of 2154 KAOP stool examinations performed at the Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory of the CHU-JRA over a 13-year period from June 2005 to June 2018. Results. The positivity rate for intestinal parasitosis was 58.36% or 1257 out of 2154 files examined. We found a prevalence of 1.76% (38/2154) of all claims and a frequency of 3.2% (38/1257) compared to other parasitoses. We found a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.8.  The average age was 20.46 years, of which 39.47%  (15/38) were under 10 years of age.  Abdominal pain were the main reasons for requesting tests. Only the cystic form of Giardia duodenalis was found, of which 28.95% (11 cases) were isolated and 71.05% (27) were associated with one or more parasites. Conclusion:  Giardiasis is a parasitosis with a harmful effect on children. It is still under-diagnosed in Madagascar. Compliance with the prescription of 3 successive stool examinations allows a diagnosis of certainty