SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF RESTORATIVE PARTICULATE RESIN COMPOSITE WITH A SHORT FIBER-REINFORCED RESIN COMPOSITE SUBSTRUCTURE

Objective: This study aimed to identify the shear bond strength of two different restorative particulate resin composites with a short fiber-reinforced resin composite (SFRC) substructure.Methods: Two restorative particulate resin composites, G-aenial PosteriorTM (Group A, 10 specimens) and Tetric N-Ceramtm (Group B, 10 specimens), were used as an upper layer of everX posteriorTM, an SFRC. A shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine with a load of 100 kgf and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed statistically using the independent samples t-test.Results: The mean shear bond strength values were found to be18.64±1.5 MPa (Group A) and 22.05±1.8 MPa (Group B). A significant difference in shear bond strength between the two groups was found.Conclusion: The shear bond strength value is higher in the Tetric N-CeramTM restorative particulate resin composite with SFRC as a substructure than the G-aenial PosteriorTM restorative particulate resin composite

EFFECT OF 2% CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE ON THE DEGRADATION OF RESINCOMPOSITE–DENTIN BOND STRENGTH WHEN USING SELF-ETCH ADHESIVE SYSTEMS

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) on the degradation of composite resin–dentin bond strength when using self-etch adhesive systems.Methods: CHX (2%) was applied before application of two-step self-etch (TSC) and one-step self-etch (OSC) adhesive. Resin composite was applied incrementally. Specimens from the degradation treatment group were immersed in 10% NaOCl for 1 h. Shear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's T3 post-hoc test. The composite resin–dentin bonds were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).Results: In the treatment group without 10% NaOCl, shear bond strength values were higher in the 2% CHX-treated group (TSC 11.67±1.76 MPa and OSC 10.19±1.44 MPa) than in the untreated group (TSC 10.93±1.31MPa and OSC 9.97±1.41 MPa), although this difference was not statistically significant. In samples exposed to10% NaOCl, shear bond strength values were higher in the 2% CHX-treated group (TSC 11.14±1.22 MPa and OSC 9.95±1.21 MPa) than in the untreated group (TSC 10.08±0.45 MPa and OSC 8.62±0.85 MPa), although this difference was not statistically significant. The SEM of samples from the 2% CHX-treated group showed less degradation than samples from the untreated group did.Conclusion: Application of 2% CHX may decrease the degradation of the resin composite-dentin bond

INFLUENCE OF POLISHING SYSTEM ON COLOR CHANGES FOR A NANOIONOMER RESTORATIVE MATERIAL AFTER IMMERSION IN A COFFEE-BASED SOLUTION

Objective: In this study, we aim to assess a polishing system’s influence on the color change of a nanoionomer after immersion in a coffee-basedsolution.Methods: The specimens were divided into four groups, of which three of them were polished using Sof-Lex XT, PoGo, or OptraPol. However, thesamples in the fourth group were unpolished. The color was then determined using a spectrophotometer and color changes were evaluated using aCIELAB system. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and paired samples t-test systems.Results: While the lightness (L*) value significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the polishing procedure, the red-green coordinate (a*) and yellow-bluecoordinate (b*) values did not show any significant change for any of the groups. The samples that were polished using OptraPol demonstrated thesmallest color change after polishing; moreover, for this group, the color changes were significantly different from those that were observed for PoGoand Sof-Lex XT groups. After immersing into a coffee-based solution, there were significant changes observed for the L*, a*, and b* values (p<0.05) forall the groups that were studied. Importantly, the color changes that were observed for the OptraPol group were not statistically significant comparedto those that were observed for PoGo and the unpolished groups.Conclusion: The immersion of unpolished and polished nanoionomers in a coffee-based solution will result into color changes and the smallestvariations, in this case, occurred for the nanoionomer that was polished using OptraPol

POST-CURE'S EFFECT ON THE DEPTH OF CURE OF A SHORT FIBER-REINFORCED RESIN COMPOSITE

Objective: This study aimed to identify post-cure's effect on the depth of cure (DOC) of a short fiber-reinforced resin composite (SFRC).Methods: Six EverX PosteriorTM shade A3 specimens were cured with a light-emitting diode light curing unit with 800 mW/cm2 of light irradiation for 20 s. The specimens were divided into two groups. The first was measured immediately post-cure and the second was measured 24-h post-cure. They were measured with a Vickers microhardness profile test. An independent t-test was used to analyze the significance of the differences between the DOC value and different variables.Results: The DOC of the specimens measured immediately post-cure was 3.02±0.02 mm. The DOC of the specimens measured 24-h post-cure was 3.93±0.03 mm.Conclusion: The DOC of the specimens measured 24-h post-cure was significantly higher than the DOC of the specimens measured immediately post-cure. Post-cure polymerization (24-h post-cure) can increase the DOC values of an SFRC

IMPLAN ZIRKONIA TIPE Y-TZP SEBAGAI PIRANTI ALTERNATIF PILIHAN SELAIN IMPLAN TITANIUM : TYPE Y-TZP ZIRCONIA IMPLANT AS AN ALTERNATIVE CHOICE BESIDES TITANIUM IMPLANT

Penggunaan implan dalam bidang kedokteran gigi telah berkembang sejak lama saat pertama kali implan berbahan dasar titanium digunakan untuk menggantikan gigi yang hilang. Sejak saat itu titanium menjadi material pilihan untuk penggunaan implan karena biokompatibilitas dan sifat mekaniknya yang baik. Adanya efek yang tidak diinginkan dari implan titanium, menjadikan material lain yaitu zirkonia sebagai material pilihan alternatif selain titanium. Keuntungan zirkonia sebagai implan antara lain biokompatibilitas dan sifat mekaniknya yang baik terutama resistensi terhadap fraktur melalui mekanisme “toughening transformation”. Mekanisme “toughening transformation” terjadi pada zirkonia yang telah distabilisasi dengan oksida yttria (Y-TZP), sehingga stress yang terjadi pada permukaan zirkonia akan menghasilkan perubahan volumetrik pada struktur kristal dari fasa tetragonal menjadi fasa monoklinik. Sebagai kesimpulan, material keramik zirkonia terutama Y-TZP (tetragonal zirconia polycrystal) dapat digunakan sebagai material implan kedokteran gigi yang sebanding dengan implan titanium

ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR REBONDED BRACKET CLEANING USING INORGANIC SOLVENT

Objective: The aim of this study was to prove that organic solvents areas effective and efficient as sandblasting and burning for cleaning rebonded brackets.Methods: Thirty stainless steel metal brackets mounted on 30 maxillary first premolar teeth were categorized into three cleaning method groups, each consisting of 10 brackets. After 24 h, shear bond strength (SBS) tests were performed using a universal testing machine.Results: The one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference (p=0.000) among the mean SBS values in the three cleaning method groups. However, the modified adhesive remnant index by a Kruskal–Wallis analysis showed no significant difference (p=0.860). The scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the organic solvent cleaning method showed better bracket performance than the other two methods. Moreover, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results showed that the adhesive material remaining on the bracket base was relatively similar among the three cleaning methods.Conclusion: Based on practicality and the results of this study, the organic solvent cleaning method was proven to be effective and efficient. Therefore, organic solvents can be recommended as an alternative cleaning method for detached brackets

Pengaruh Susu Sapi dan Protein Whey Terhadap Kekerasan Email Gigi Setelah Demineralisasi

Caries has high prevalence oral problem in Indonesia. Bovine milk and its product has been proven to have anticariogenic effect. To analyze effect of immersed  enamel surface in bovine milk and protein whey after demineralization. Twenty one specimens of human premolar tooth enamel measured its hardness before the treatment, after demineralized with 1% citric acid (pH 2.5), and after immersed in bovine milk, whey protein and aquades for 90 minutes. Enamel hardness number was measured using Knoop Microhardness Tester with 25 g load for 5 seconds. Statistical analysis with Repeated Anova showed significant increased of enamel hardness in bovine milk and protein whey groups (p<0.05). There was no significant differences between group immersed in bovine milk and whey protein (p>0.05). Bovine milk and whey protein could remineralize enamel surface but not be able to restore the original value of email surface hardness